UNIX环境高级编程“apue.h”头文件

"apue.h"头文件

/*
 * Our own header, to be included before all standard system headers.
 */
#ifndef _APUE_H
#define _APUE_H

#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L

#if defined(SOLARIS)        /* Solaris 10 */
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
#else
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
#endif

#include <sys/types.h>      /* some systems still require this */
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/termios.h>    /* for winsize */
#if defined(MACOS) || !defined(TIOCGWINSZ)
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>      /* for convenience */
#include <stdlib.h>     /* for convenience */
#include <stddef.h>     /* for offsetof */
#include <string.h>     /* for convenience */
#include <unistd.h>     /* for convenience */
#include <signal.h>     /* for SIG_ERR */

#define MAXLINE 4096            /* max line length */

/*
 * Default file access permissions for new files.
 */
#define FILE_MODE   (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)

/*
 * Default permissions for new directories.
 */
#define DIR_MODE    (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)

typedef void    Sigfunc(int);   /* for signal handlers */

#define min(a,b)    ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define max(a,b)    ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))

/*
 * Prototypes for our own functions.
 */
char    *path_alloc(size_t *);              /* {Prog pathalloc} */
long     open_max(void);                    /* {Prog openmax} */

int      set_cloexec(int);                  /* {Prog setfd} */
void     clr_fl(int, int);
void     set_fl(int, int);                  /* {Prog setfl} */

void     pr_exit(int);                      /* {Prog prexit} */

void     pr_mask(const char *);             /* {Prog prmask} */
Sigfunc *signal_intr(int, Sigfunc *);       /* {Prog signal_intr_function} */

void     daemonize(const char *);           /* {Prog daemoninit} */

void     sleep_us(unsigned int);            /* {Ex sleepus} */
ssize_t  readn(int, void *, size_t);        /* {Prog readn_writen} */
ssize_t  writen(int, const void *, size_t); /* {Prog readn_writen} */

int      fd_pipe(int *);                    /* {Prog sock_fdpipe} */
int      recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int,
                 const void *, size_t));    /* {Prog recvfd_sockets} */
int      send_fd(int, int);                 /* {Prog sendfd_sockets} */
int      send_err(int, int,
                  const char *);            /* {Prog senderr} */
int      serv_listen(const char *);         /* {Prog servlisten_sockets} */
int      serv_accept(int, uid_t *);         /* {Prog servaccept_sockets} */
int      cli_conn(const char *);            /* {Prog cliconn_sockets} */
int      buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int,
                  char **));                /* {Prog bufargs} */

int      tty_cbreak(int);                   /* {Prog raw} */
int      tty_raw(int);                      /* {Prog raw} */
int      tty_reset(int);                    /* {Prog raw} */
void     tty_atexit(void);                  /* {Prog raw} */
struct termios  *tty_termios(void);         /* {Prog raw} */

int      ptym_open(char *, int);            /* {Prog ptyopen} */
int      ptys_open(char *);                 /* {Prog ptyopen} */
#ifdef  TIOCGWINSZ
pid_t    pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *,
                  const struct winsize *);  /* {Prog ptyfork} */
#endif

int     lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* {Prog lockreg} */

#define read_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
#define un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))

pid_t   lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);     /* {Prog locktest} */

#define is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            (lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
#define is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
            (lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)

void    err_msg(const char *, ...);         /* {App misc_source} */
void    err_dump(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));
void    err_quit(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));
void    err_cont(int, const char *, ...);
void    err_exit(int, const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));
void    err_ret(const char *, ...);
void    err_sys(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));

void    log_msg(const char *, ...);         /* {App misc_source} */
void    log_open(const char *, int, int);
void    log_quit(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));
void    log_ret(const char *, ...);
void    log_sys(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));
void    log_exit(int, const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));

void    TELL_WAIT(void);        /* parent/child from {Sec race_conditions} */
void    TELL_PARENT(pid_t);
void    TELL_CHILD(pid_t);
void    WAIT_PARENT(void);
void    WAIT_CHILD(void);

#endif  /* _APUE_H */

异常输出 “error.h”

#include "apue.h"
#include <errno.h>        /* for definition of errno */
#include <stdarg.h>        /* ISO C variable aruments */

static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);

/*
 * Nonfatal error related to a system call.
 * Print a message and return.
 */
void err_ret(const char *fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * Fatal error related to a system call.
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void err_sys(const char *fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(1);
}

/*
 * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
 * Error code passed as explict parameter.
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(1);
}

/*
 * Fatal error related to a system call.
 * Print a message, dump core, and terminate.
 */
void err_dump(const char *fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    abort();        /* dump core and terminate */
    exit(1);        /* shouldn't get here */
}

/*
 * Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call.
 * Print a message and return.
 */
void err_msg(const char *fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void err_quit(const char *fmt, ...) {
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(1);
}

/*
 * Print a message and return to caller.
 * Caller specifies "errnoflag".
 */
static void err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap) {
    char buf[MAXLINE];

    vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);
    if (errnoflag)
        snprintf(buf + strlen(buf), MAXLINE - strlen(buf), ": %s",
                 strerror(error));
    strcat(buf, "\n");
    fflush(stdout);        /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */
    fputs(buf, stderr);
    fflush(NULL);        /* flushes all stdio output streams */
}

将这两个文件包含在需要“apue.h"头文件的代码中。