解读《道德经》之37-1:阴阳一体
天地伊始,混沌零散,道生一致,物成一体;天成一体而清明,地成一体而安宁,神为一体而显灵,谷物为一体而丰盈,万物成一体而生长,君侯成一统则和谐,天无一体而不清明则动荡,地无一体不宁静则分裂,神无一体而不显灵则无踪,谷无一体而不丰盈则枯竭,万物无一体而不生则灭亡,侯王无一体而体统则倾覆。贵是以贱为本源,高是以低为基础,所以王公自称没爹,缺夫,无谷粮,这不就是把自贱自谦吗?不是吗?所以至高的赞誉是没有赞誉,不把宝石当做玉,不把碎块当做石。
古代得一而成体者都会专心致志保持统一。对立统一成为形体,阴阳聚合成为实物;天地浑然一体,神仙出没不断,草木枯荣交替,万物生死轮回。万物聚合阴阳而生长,侯王一统天下而有序。万物靠阴阳交替而演进,社稷靠贵贱互动而发展,君王的高贵需要民众的低贱为本源,身居高贵就需要自卑自谦,如同泰卦所讲,居高位要下流,保持谦卑和低调;深入民间地方,体验生活,洞察民情。百姓的低贱需要君王的高贵为目标;身为低贱就需要自豪自傲,努力进步,不断升级,如此这般,上下通透,高低融合,社会和谐,国家繁荣,吉祥如意。反之,如同否卦所讲的,君王至高无上且傲慢霸道,纵欲豪情,好高骛远,百姓卑贱低俗且愚昧无知,谨小慎微,自暴自弃,如此这般,上下隔离,高飞低沉,社会撕裂,国家衰败,祸害凶险。
Inancient times, people who has get-together would concentrate on maintainingunity. The unity of opposites becomes the form, Yin and Yang converge into physicalobjects; the heaven and earth are unified, immortals appear and disappearconstantly, grains gather Yang to nourish Yin and grow. all things gather Yinand Yang to grow, and king unite a state and keep order. Everything evolves by thealternation of yin and yang, and society develops by the interaction ofnobility and lowness. The nobility of a monarch needs the lowness of the peopleas its origin. Being noble requires self-humility and self-modest. As the taihexagram says, being in a high position needs to be low-minded and humble;going deep into the folk areas, experiencing life and insighting into thepeople's conditions. People's inferiority needs the nobility of the monarch asthe goal; being inferior requires pride, efforts to progress, constantlyupgrading, so that the upper and lower transparent, high and low integration,social harmony, national prosperity, good luck. On the contrary, as the pi hexagramsays, the monarch is supreme and arrogant, arrogant and hegemonic, indulgent,proud and distant, the common people are humble, vulgar and ignorant, cautiousand self-abandoning, so on, separation from ups and downs, socialdisintegration, national decay, and dangerous calamity.
古代封建王朝的制度设计就是走否卦,皇帝至高无上且好高骛远,身居庙堂,权威四海,压制百姓,卑贱民众,造成社会撕裂,官民对立,属于天上地下的卦象,所以导致了王朝倾覆,因为遵循儒家思想,嗜权如命,不思改变,悲剧重演。每个皇帝都想千秋万代,结果都是生灵涂炭,事与愿违。
欧美各国逐步清醒和觉悟了,采用君主立宪的体制,权威分离,王权因为弱化而存续,皇室因为亲民而被尊崇,国王因为虚无而至高无上。英女王,泰国王的主要活动就是访贫问苦,体察民情,结婚生子,成为国民的吉祥物,所以,许多欧美,泰国和日本的王室几乎是千年一系,常年一家。其最大的优点是,民族和国家的传统得以延续,文化思想得到传承,人民的风俗习惯,思想观念十分和谐稳定,从而使得国家和社会更加幸福快乐。
所有的分子都是正负电子组合,所有的生命都是细胞生死的交替,阴阳合体,合二为一;任何单个元素很难在自然界中存在,唯有正负电子和阴阳属性同体合一,才能长期存在。单个属性过分强悍,就会导致物质的性质发生变化。正负均衡,阴阳和谐才是事物平静安稳的首要条件。人若雌雄同体,男女共情,必有伟大的情感,智慧和灵魂。
1876年6月8日,乔治·桑因病去世。葬礼上,儿子莫里斯代读了雨果的致辞: “……每当人间的伟人逝世之时,我们都听到强大的振翅搏击的响声。一种事物消失了,另一种事物降临了……一个像火炬那样的男人或女子,在这种形式下熄灭了,在思想的形式下又复燃了。 于是人们发现,曾经被认为是熄灭了的,其实是永远不会熄灭。这火炬燃得比以往任何时候更加光彩夺目……”