Django学习第一天之创建应用 生成数据表

上一篇我们学习如何配置Django开发环境，这一篇文章我们继续来学习Django的内容！

我们已经创建了一个项目，大家还记得创建项目的命令吗？django-admin startproject + 项目名，我们接着来创建我们应用，命令为：python manage.py startapp + 应用名。查看一下应用的目录：

~/Desktop/projects/test1$ tree booktest/
booktest/
├── admin.py
├── __init__.py
├── migrations
│   └── __init__.py
├── models.py
├── tests.py
└── views.py

1 directory, 6 files

接起来我们需要在booktest下的models.py文件中编写我应用模板：

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class bookInfo(models.Model):
    btitle = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    bpub_data = models.DateField()

class hreoInfo(models.Model):
    hname = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    hgender = models.BooleanField()
    hcontent = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    hbook = models.ForeignKey(bookInfo)

创建完模板我们在命令行运行一下，看看效果：

~/Desktop/projects/test1$ python manage.py runserver 8080
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have unapplied migrations; your app may not work properly until they are applied.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.

August 13, 2018 - 08:55:09
Django version 1.8.2, using settings 'test1.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8080/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
[13/Aug/2018 08:55:58]"GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 1767
[13/Aug/2018 08:55:58]"GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 1935

我们点击结果中提示的本地链接：

网页显示效果

生成数据表：

第一步需要在settings.py文件中注册应用，

注册应用

第二步就是用命令行生成迁移文件：

~/Desktop/projects/test1$ python manage.py makemigrations 
Migrations for 'booktest':
  0001_initial.py:
    - Create model bookInfo
    - Create model hreoInfo

第三步就是执行迁移文件：

~/Desktop/projects/test1$ python manage.py migrate 
Operations to perform:
  Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages
  Apply all migrations: booktest, sessions, auth, admin, contenttypes
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
  Creating tables...
    Running deferred SQL...
  Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
  Rendering model states... DONE
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying booktest.0001_initial... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK

总结：本篇文章主要是讲了，创建项目应用，编写我们应用模板，如何生成数据表（注册应用，生成迁移文件，执行迁移文件）的学习操作，希望对大家有帮助，Django学习是一个持续过程，我会记录我的学习内容教程，欢迎大家一起学习。