动态加载
动态加载的前提要知道为什么当前的classloader不能加载其他路径的apk?
dex动态加载之后能否和之前加载的类发生交互,是否能够获取到他们的实例?
普通类的加载受到的限制较少,系统相关的组件会受到权限等很多因素的影响,如何解决?
class文件是如何加载到虚拟机的,对应双亲代理机制如何生效。
classLoader真正是从哪里查找class文件的,classLoader可以指定加载路径,维护很多文件,免不了有遍历等操作,
尝试反射控制startActivity
ActivityThread中有静态变量:
static volatile IPackageManager sPackageManager;
public static IPackageManager getPackageManager() {
if (sPackageManager != null) {
return sPackageManager;
} else {
IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("package");
sPackageManager = Stub.asInterface(b);
return sPackageManager;
}
}
private static volatile ActivityThread sCurrentActivityThread;
static volatile Handler sMainThreadHandler;
sCurrentActivityThread在attach的时候最先被赋值
sPackageManager获取的是IPackageManager的接口示例。
由于版本不一致,反射的过程中需要注意,可以通过getDeclaredFields方式打印所有的方法,找出对应的方法和域。
合并宿主和插件的ClassLoader
dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader内部定义了DexPathList,用于记录去哪里加载指定的类,而DexPathList内部定义了dexElements,专门记录已加载的dex。
对于宿主工程来说,在加载插件工程后,将插件dex插入到宿主工程的dexElements集合后面即可,在之后的运行中就可以按需加载插件中的class。
需要注意的是,插件中的类不可以和宿主重复 。
注意:PathClassLoader extends BaseDexClassLoader
ActivityThread中使用的classLoader为:
Java ClassLoader
一个类的唯一性要由它的类加载器和它本身来确定,也就是说一个Class文件如果使用不同的类加载器来加载,那么加载出来的类也是不相等的,而在Java中为了保证一个类的唯一性使用了双亲委派模型,也就是说如果要加载一个类首先会委托给自己的父加载器去完成,父加载器会再向上委托,直到最顶层的类加载器;如果所有向上父加载器没有找到这个要加载的类,子类才会尝试自己去加载,这样就保证了加载的类都是一个类,例如Object都是一个类。java中的类加载器主要有:BootstrapClassLoader、ExtensionClassLoader 及 ApplicationClassLoader
android ClassLoader
笔记源于:https://www.jianshu.com/p/c3e904dd3a70
关键词:BaseDexCLassLoader,PathClassLoader,DexClassLoader,BootClassLoader, DexPathList
package java.lang;
public abstract class ClassLoader {
protected ClassLoader() {
this(checkCreateClassLoader(), getSystemClassLoader());
}
@CallerSensitive
public static ClassLoader getSystemClassLoader() {
return SystemClassLoader.loader;
}
static private class SystemClassLoader {
public static ClassLoader loader = ClassLoader.createSystemClassLoader();
}
private static ClassLoader createSystemClassLoader() {
String classPath = System.getProperty("java.class.path", ".");
String librarySearchPath = System.getProperty("java.library.path", "");
// String[] paths = classPath.split(":");
// URL[] urls = new URL[paths.length];
// for (int i = 0; i < paths.length; i++) {
// try {
// urls[i] = new URL("file://" + paths[i]);
// }
// catch (Exception ex) {
// ex.printStackTrace();
// }
// }
//
// return new java.net.URLClassLoader(urls, null);
// TODO Make this a java.net.URLClassLoader once we have those?
return new PathClassLoader(classPath, librarySearchPath, BootClassLoader.getInstance());
}
class BootClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
private static BootClassLoader instance;
@FindBugsSuppressWarnings("DP_CREATE_CLASSLOADER_INSIDE_DO_PRIVILEGED")
public static synchronized BootClassLoader getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new BootClassLoader();
}
return instance;
}
public BootClassLoader() {
super(null, true);
}
@Override
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
return Class.classForName(name, false, null);
}
@Override
protected URL findResource(String name) {
return VMClassLoader.getResource(name);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
@Override
protected Enumeration<URL> findResources(String resName) throws IOException {
return Collections.enumeration(VMClassLoader.getResources(resName));
}
/**
* Returns package information for the given package. Unfortunately, the
* Android BootClassLoader doesn't really have this information, and as a
* non-secure ClassLoader, it isn't even required to, according to the spec.
* Yet, we want to provide it, in order to make all those hopeful callers of
* {@code myClass.getPackage().getName()} happy. Thus we construct a Package
* object the first time it is being requested and fill most of the fields
* with dummy values. The Package object is then put into the ClassLoader's
* Package cache, so we see the same one next time. We don't create Package
* objects for null arguments or for the default package.
* <p>
* There a limited chance that we end up with multiple Package objects
* representing the same package: It can happen when when a package is
* scattered across different JAR files being loaded by different
* ClassLoaders. Rather unlikely, and given that this whole thing is more or
* less a workaround, probably not worth the effort.
*/
@Override
protected Package getPackage(String name) {
if (name != null && !name.isEmpty()) {
synchronized (this) {
Package pack = super.getPackage(name);
if (pack == null) {
pack = definePackage(name, "Unknown", "0.0", "Unknown", "Unknown", "0.0",
"Unknown", null);
}
return pack;
}
}
return null;
}
@Override
public URL getResource(String resName) {
return findResource(resName);
}
@Override
protected Class<?> loadClass(String className, boolean resolve)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
Class<?> clazz = findLoadedClass(className);
if (clazz == null) {
clazz = findClass(className);
}
return clazz;
}
@Override
public Enumeration<URL> getResources(String resName) throws IOException {
return findResources(resName);
}
}
}
通过ClassLoader baseParent = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getParent(); 获取到的是BootClassLoader
public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
synchronized (this) {
//如果mClassLoader不为空,直接返回了
if (mClassLoader != null) {
return mClassLoader;
}
if (mIncludeCode && !mPackageName.equals("android")) {
//不是系统应用
。。。。
//获取ClassLoader对象,这里传入的mBaseClassLoader还是null,因为LoadedApk创建的时候传入的就是null
mClassLoader = ApplicationLoaders.getDefault().getClassLoader(zip, lib,
mBaseClassLoader);
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(oldPolicy);
} else {
//是系统应用
if (mBaseClassLoader == null) {
mClassLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
} else {
mClassLoader = mBaseClassLoader;
}
}
return mClassLoader;
}
}
最终在ApplicationLoaders类中生成pathClassLoader:
//创建PathClassLoader,终于出现了
PathClassLoader pathClassloader = ApplicationLoaders.getDefault().getClassLoader(zip, lib,
mBaseClassLoader);
四大组件动态加载
Activity
Activity
采用宿主manifest中占坑的方式来绕过系统校验,然后再加载真正的activity;
图8描述了VirtualAPK根据launchMode定义了2(standard) + 8(singleTop) + 8(singleTask) + 8(singleInstance) = 26个SubActivity坑.
加载资源
参考:https://blog.csdn.net/luoshengyang/java/article/details/8806798
AssetManager类的成员函数getResources的实现看起来比较复杂,但是它要做的事情就是解析当前应用程序所使用的资源包里面的resources.arsc文件。从前面Android应用程序资源管理器(Asset Manager)的创建过程分析一文可以知道,当前应用程序所使用的资源包有两个,其中一个是系统资源包,即/system/framework/framework-res.apk,另外一个就是自己的APK文件。这些APK文件的路径都分别使用一个asset_path对象来描述,并且保存在AssetManager类的成员变量mAssetPaths中。
在动态加载过程中由于AssetManager通过自己的mAssetPaths解析加载resources.arsc文件。
- 通过自定义的CLassLoader可以加载apk或者dex文件。
new DexClassLoader(resourcePath, mDexDir, null,mContext.getClassLoader()
2.查找idmap,通过组拼资源文件生成类名,从类中反射获取到资源id。packageName通过PackageManager构建packageInfo.packageName获取包名
PackageInfo packageInfo = mContext.getPackageManager().getPackageArchiveInfo(resourcePath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
String rClassName = packageName + ".R$" + type;
try {
Class cls = mResourceLoadBean.getClassLoader().loadClass(rClassName);
resID = (Integer) cls.getField(fieldName).get(null);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
3.通过新建的AssetMananger和Resource根据id加载资源
其他
插件化也依赖于网络检查是否有插件需要下发,并被安装上,用插件实现功能时下发完整的插件,做bugfix或者其他的时候通常会作差分,用差分包的形式去下发。网络下发到本地存储,保存或者下次启动时加载。
插件要有版本,当插件版本高于或者等于apk版本则加载。