Donald Stewart，让美国大学迈向平等

Donald M. Stewart, a career educator who was credited withreviving Spelman College, and who later, as presidentof the College Board, sought tomaintain high academic standards for college applicants while helping minority students meet them, died on Sunday in Chicago. He was 80. The cause was a heart attack, his son Carter said.

Donald M. Stewart周日于芝加哥逝世，享年80岁。据他的儿子Carter说，原因是心脏病发作。Stewart曾是一名职业教育工作者，被认为是重兴斯佩尔曼学院的功臣。随后出任大学理事会主席，曾尝试在保持较高学术水准录取条件不变的同时，为少数群体学生提供便利。

In 1976, Dr. Stewart, the first in his family to complete college, became the president of Spelman, the historically black women’s college in Atlanta that was rich in tradition but short of funds. His appointmentwas opposed bystudents who had wanted the school’s trusteesto choose a black woman as president, and who briefly locked several trustees in a room in protest.

作为家族中第一个完成大学学业的人，Stewart博士于1976年成为斯佩尔曼黑人女子学院院长。该学院位于亚特兰大，传统悠久但资金短缺。他的人事任命遭到学校学生们的反对，他们希望学校管理者挑选一位黑人女性担任院长。为此，他们甚至将几名管理者短暂锁在一个房间里以示抗议。

His tenurewas successful despite the rocky start. When he retired from Spelman 10 years later — he was succeeded by the school’s first black female president, Johnnetta B. Cole — the endowmenthad grown to more than $41 million from $9 million and enrollment had grown to 1,600 from 1,200. About half the college’s professors had doctorateswhen Dr. Stewart took over; the share was 74 percent when he left. And the average SAT scores of entering freshmen had surgedby 100 points.

尽管开局艰难，他的任期还是很成功的。当他10年后从斯佩尔曼卸任时，捐赠的基金从开始的900万美元增加到4100多万美元，注册在案学生从1200人增加到1600人——接替他的是学院首位黑人女院长Johnnetta B. Cloe。当Stewart博士接管这所学院 ，大约一半的教授都拥有博士学位；当他离开时，这一比例上升到74%，新生平均SAT成绩猛增了100分。

During Dr. Stewart’s tenure, the college created a chemistry department, a comprehensive writing program and a Women’s Research and Resource Center. After leaving Spelman, Dr. Stewart took over the College Board, the nonprofit private organizationthat administers the SATs and a scholarship service. He was thrustinto a contentious national debate over the college admissions process.

Stewart博士在任期间，学院设立了化学系、综合写作计划和妇女研究和资源中心。离开斯佩尔曼学院后，Stewart博士接管了学院董事会，这是一个管理SAT和奖学金服务的非营利性私人组织。他也因此被推入了一场关于大学招生程序的全国性辩论。

--Source: Bloomberg

--文章来源：《彭博商业周刊》

be credited with

把…归功于，认为...有某种成就

president

n.校长，总裁，总统，董事长

College Board

美国大学理事会

seek to

v.设法，企图，试图

appointment

n.任命，职务，职位，约会

be opposed by

被…反对

trustee

n.（公司、学院）理事，（财产）受托人

protest

v.抗议，声明反对

tenure

n.（重要职位的）任职期间；n. （房屋）居住权，（土地）使用期

endowment

n.捐赠，基金，天赋，养老保险

took over

接管

surge

n. 激增，突飞猛进

nonprofit private organization

非盈利私人组织（拓展：non-governmental organization 非政府组织，简称NGO）

thrust

v.猛推，强行推入；逼迫；延伸

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