Hive 2.1 - Hive shell 操作

1、hive shell 帮助

[root@hadoop06 hive-1.2.2-bin]# bin/hive -help
usage: hive
 -d,--define <key=value>          Variable subsitution to apply to hive
                                  commands. e.g. -d A=B or --define A=B

1.1 指定要使用的数据库

--database <databasename>

    [root@hadoop06 hive-1.2.2-bin]# bin/hive --database db01
    Logging initialized using configuration in file:/opt/app/hive-1.2.2-bin/conf/hive-log4j.properties
    OK
    Time taken: 0.7 seconds
    hive (db01)>

1.2直接执行sql

-e <quoted-query-string>

    [root@hadoop06 hive-1.2.2-bin]# bin/hive -e "show databases"
    Logging initialized using configuration in file:/opt/app/hive-1.2.2-bin/conf/hive-log4j.properties
    OK
    database_name
    db01
    db02
    default
    Time taken: 0.886 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

1.3 执行文件内的sql

-f <filename>

    [root@hadoop06 hive-1.2.2-bin]# bin/hive -f /opt/datas/hive.file
    Logging initialized using configuration in file:/opt/app/hive-1.2.2-bin/conf/hive-log4j.properties
    OK
    database_name
    db01
    db02
    default
    Time taken: 0.871 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

1.4 其他命令

 -H,--help                        Print help information
    --hiveconf <property=value>   Use value for given property
    --hivevar <key=value>         Variable subsitution to apply to hive
                                  commands. e.g. --hivevar A=B
 -i <filename>                    Initialization SQL file
 -S,--silent                      Silent mode in interactive shell
 -v,--verbose                     Verbose mode (echo executed SQL to the
                                  console)

2、查看本地目录信息：

hive (default)> !ls /;

3、查看HDFS目录信息

相当于 [root@hadoop06 hadoop-2.5.0]# bin/hdfs dfs -ls /; 但是hive命令的效率会高

hive (db01)> dfs -ls /;
Found 2 items
drwx-wx-wx   - root supergroup          0 2018-11-14 15:04 /tmp
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2018-11-14 11:49 /user

4、在HDFS上操作文件

hive (db01)> dfs -mkdir -p /test; 
hive (db01)> dfs -rm -r /test;