iOS的RSA加密

iOS系统不但提供内建的安全功能，还提供Security框架（Security.framework）用于保证应用程序所管理之数据的安全。该框架提供的接口可用于管理证书、公钥、私钥以及信任策略。它支持生成加密的安全伪随机数。同时，它也支持对证书和Keychain密钥进行保存，是用户敏感数据的安全仓库。

CommonCrypto接口另外还支持对称加密、HMAC以及Digests。实际上，Digests的功能实和OpenSSL库常用的功能兼容。

在 iOS 3.0及其后续版本的系统中， 您可以让所创建的多个应用程序共享某些Keychain项，这样可以让相同套件内的应用程序的互用更流畅。举个例子，您可以在应用程序间共享用户密码和及其他元素。通过这种方法，您就不需要在每个应用程序单独对用户作出提示。如应用程序需要共享数据，则每个应用程序的Xcode工程必须配备恰当的资格。

iOS对Security.framework的封装，实现RSA非对称加密解密。可获取公钥和私钥，可对数据进行公钥和私钥的加解密。 这种方式需要对密匙对进行处理, 根据public key生成证书, 通过private key生成p12格式的密匙.

IOS中使用RSA加密解密

#import <Security/Security.h>

@implementation RSA

static NSString *base64_encode_data(NSData *data){
data = [data base64EncodedDataWithOptions:0];
NSString *ret = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return ret;
}

static NSData *base64_decode(NSString *str){
NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithBase64EncodedString:str options:NSDataBase64DecodingIgnoreUnknownCharacters];
return data;
}

+ (NSData *)stripPublicKeyHeader:(NSData *)d_key{
// Skip ASN.1 public key header
if (d_key == nil) return(nil);

unsigned long len = [d_key length];
if (!len) return(nil);

unsigned char *c_key = (unsigned char *)[d_key bytes];
unsigned int  idx    = 0;

if (c_key[idx++] != 0x30) return(nil);

if (c_key[idx] > 0x80) idx += c_key[idx] - 0x80 + 1;
else idx++;

// PKCS #1 rsaEncryption szOID_RSA_RSA
static unsigned char seqiod[] =
{ 0x30,   0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01,
    0x01, 0x05, 0x00 };
if (memcmp(&c_key[idx], seqiod, 15)) return(nil);

idx += 15;

if (c_key[idx++] != 0x03) return(nil);

if (c_key[idx] > 0x80) idx += c_key[idx] - 0x80 + 1;
else idx++;

if (c_key[idx++] != '\0') return(nil);

// Now make a new NSData from this buffer
return([NSData dataWithBytes:&c_key[idx] length:len - idx]);
}

+ (NSData *)stripPrivateKeyHeader:(NSData *)d_key{
// Skip ASN.1 private key header
if (d_key == nil) return(nil);

unsigned long len = [d_key length];
if (!len) return(nil);

unsigned char *c_key = (unsigned char *)[d_key bytes];
unsigned int  idx    = 22; //magic byte at offset 22

if (0x04 != c_key[idx++]) return nil;

//calculate length of the key
unsigned int c_len = c_key[idx++];
int det = c_len & 0x80;
if (!det) {
    c_len = c_len & 0x7f;
} else {
    int byteCount = c_len & 0x7f;
    if (byteCount + idx > len) {
        //rsa length field longer than buffer
        return nil;
    }
    unsigned int accum = 0;
    unsigned char *ptr = &c_key[idx];
    idx += byteCount;
    while (byteCount) {
        accum = (accum << 8) + *ptr;
        ptr++;
        byteCount--;
    }
    c_len = accum;
}

// Now make a new NSData from this buffer
return [d_key subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(idx, c_len)];
}

+ (SecKeyRef)addPublicKey:(NSString *)key{
NSRange spos = [key rangeOfString:@"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----"];
NSRange epos = [key rangeOfString:@"-----END PUBLIC KEY-----"];
if(spos.location != NSNotFound && epos.location != NSNotFound){
    NSUInteger s = spos.location + spos.length;
    NSUInteger e = epos.location;
    NSRange range = NSMakeRange(s, e-s);
    key = [key substringWithRange:range];
}
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\r" withString:@""];
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\n" withString:@""];
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\t" withString:@""];
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" "  withString:@""];

// This will be base64 encoded, decode it.
NSData *data = base64_decode(key);
data = [RSA stripPublicKeyHeader:data];
if(!data){
    return nil;
}

//a tag to read/write keychain storage
NSString *tag = @"RSAUtil_PubKey";
NSData *d_tag = [NSData dataWithBytes:[tag UTF8String] length:[tag length]];

// Delete any old lingering key with the same tag
NSMutableDictionary *publicKey = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[publicKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecClassKey forKey:(__bridge id)kSecClass];
[publicKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
[publicKey setObject:d_tag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
SecItemDelete((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)publicKey);

// Add persistent version of the key to system keychain
[publicKey setObject:data forKey:(__bridge id)kSecValueData];
[publicKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClassPublic forKey:(__bridge id)
 kSecAttrKeyClass];
[publicKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)
 kSecReturnPersistentRef];

CFTypeRef persistKey = nil;
OSStatus status = SecItemAdd((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)publicKey, &persistKey);
if (persistKey != nil){
    CFRelease(persistKey);
}
if ((status != noErr) && (status != errSecDuplicateItem)) {
    return nil;
}

[publicKey removeObjectForKey:(__bridge id)kSecValueData];
[publicKey removeObjectForKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnPersistentRef];
[publicKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnRef];
[publicKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];

// Now fetch the SecKeyRef version of the key
SecKeyRef keyRef = nil;
status = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)publicKey, (CFTypeRef *)&keyRef);
if(status != noErr){
    return nil;
}
return keyRef;
}

+ (SecKeyRef)addPrivateKey:(NSString *)key{
NSRange spos = [key rangeOfString:@"-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"];
NSRange epos = [key rangeOfString:@"-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"];
if(spos.location != NSNotFound && epos.location != NSNotFound){
    NSUInteger s = spos.location + spos.length;
    NSUInteger e = epos.location;
    NSRange range = NSMakeRange(s, e-s);
    key = [key substringWithRange:range];
}
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\r" withString:@""];
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\n" withString:@""];
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\t" withString:@""];
key = [key stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" "  withString:@""];

// This will be base64 encoded, decode it.
NSData *data = base64_decode(key);
data = [RSA stripPrivateKeyHeader:data];
if(!data){
    return nil;
}

//a tag to read/write keychain storage
NSString *tag = @"RSAUtil_PrivKey";
NSData *d_tag = [NSData dataWithBytes:[tag UTF8String] length:[tag length]];

// Delete any old lingering key with the same tag
NSMutableDictionary *privateKey = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[privateKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecClassKey forKey:(__bridge id)kSecClass];
[privateKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
[privateKey setObject:d_tag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
SecItemDelete((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)privateKey);

// Add persistent version of the key to system keychain
[privateKey setObject:data forKey:(__bridge id)kSecValueData];
[privateKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyClassPrivate forKey:(__bridge id)
 kSecAttrKeyClass];
[privateKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)
 kSecReturnPersistentRef];

CFTypeRef persistKey = nil;
OSStatus status = SecItemAdd((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)privateKey, &persistKey);
if (persistKey != nil){
    CFRelease(persistKey);
}
if ((status != noErr) && (status != errSecDuplicateItem)) {
    return nil;
}

[privateKey removeObjectForKey:(__bridge id)kSecValueData];
[privateKey removeObjectForKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnPersistentRef];
[privateKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnRef];
[privateKey setObject:(__bridge id) kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];

// Now fetch the SecKeyRef version of the key
SecKeyRef keyRef = nil;
status = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)privateKey, (CFTypeRef *)&keyRef);
if(status != noErr){
    return nil;
}
return keyRef;
}

/* START: Encryption & Decryption with RSA private key */

+ (NSData *)encryptData:(NSData *)data withKeyRef:(SecKeyRef) keyRef{
const uint8_t *srcbuf = (const uint8_t *)[data bytes];
size_t srclen = (size_t)data.length;

size_t block_size = SecKeyGetBlockSize(keyRef) * sizeof(uint8_t);
void *outbuf = malloc(block_size);
size_t src_block_size = block_size - 11;

NSMutableData *ret = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];
for(int idx=0; idx<srclen; idx+=src_block_size){
    //NSLog(@"%d/%d block_size: %d", idx, (int)srclen, (int)block_size);
    size_t data_len = srclen - idx;
    if(data_len > src_block_size){
        data_len = src_block_size;
    }
    
    size_t outlen = block_size;
    OSStatus status = noErr;
    status = SecKeyEncrypt(keyRef,
                           kSecPaddingPKCS1,
                           srcbuf + idx,
                           data_len,
                           outbuf,
                           &outlen
                           );
    if (status != 0) {
        NSLog(@"SecKeyEncrypt fail. Error Code: %d", status);
        ret = nil;
        break;
    }else{
        [ret appendBytes:outbuf length:outlen];
    }
}

free(outbuf);
CFRelease(keyRef);
return ret;
}

+ (NSString *)encryptString:(NSString *)str privateKey:(NSString *)privKey{
NSData *data = [RSA encryptData:[str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] privateKey:privKey];
NSString *ret = base64_encode_data(data);
return ret;
}

+ (NSData *)encryptData:(NSData *)data privateKey:(NSString *)privKey{
if(!data || !privKey){
    return nil;
}
SecKeyRef keyRef = [RSA addPrivateKey:privKey];
if(!keyRef){
    return nil;
}
return [RSA encryptData:data withKeyRef:keyRef];
}

+ (NSData *)decryptData:(NSData *)data withKeyRef:(SecKeyRef) keyRef{
const uint8_t *srcbuf = (const uint8_t *)[data bytes];
size_t srclen = (size_t)data.length;

size_t block_size = SecKeyGetBlockSize(keyRef) * sizeof(uint8_t);
UInt8 *outbuf = malloc(block_size);
size_t src_block_size = block_size;

NSMutableData *ret = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];
for(int idx=0; idx<srclen; idx+=src_block_size){
    //NSLog(@"%d/%d block_size: %d", idx, (int)srclen, (int)block_size);
    size_t data_len = srclen - idx;
    if(data_len > src_block_size){
        data_len = src_block_size;
    }
    
    size_t outlen = block_size;
    OSStatus status = noErr;
    status = SecKeyDecrypt(keyRef,
                           kSecPaddingNone,
                           srcbuf + idx,
                           data_len,
                           outbuf,
                           &outlen
                           );
    if (status != 0) {
        NSLog(@"SecKeyEncrypt fail. Error Code: %d", status);
        ret = nil;
        break;
    }else{
        //the actual decrypted data is in the middle, locate it!
        int idxFirstZero = -1;
        int idxNextZero = (int)outlen;
        for ( int i = 0; i < outlen; i++ ) {
            if ( outbuf[i] == 0 ) {
                if ( idxFirstZero < 0 ) {
                    idxFirstZero = i;
                } else {
                    idxNextZero = i;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        
        [ret appendBytes:&outbuf[idxFirstZero+1] length:idxNextZero-idxFirstZero-1];
    }
}

free(outbuf);
CFRelease(keyRef);
return ret;
}


+ (NSString *)decryptString:(NSString *)str privateKey:(NSString *)privKey{
NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithBase64EncodedString:str options:NSDataBase64DecodingIgnoreUnknownCharacters];
data = [RSA decryptData:data privateKey:privKey];
NSString *ret = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return ret;
}

+ (NSData *)decryptData:(NSData *)data privateKey:(NSString *)privKey{
if(!data || !privKey){
    return nil;
}
SecKeyRef keyRef = [RSA addPrivateKey:privKey];
if(!keyRef){
    return nil;
}
return [RSA decryptData:data withKeyRef:keyRef];
}

/* END: Encryption & Decryption with RSA private key */

/* START: Encryption & Decryption with RSA public key */

+ (NSString *)encryptString:(NSString *)str publicKey:(NSString *)pubKey{
NSData *data = [RSA encryptData:[str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] publicKey:pubKey];
NSString *ret = base64_encode_data(data);
return ret;
}

+ (NSData *)encryptData:(NSData *)data publicKey:(NSString *)pubKey{
if(!data || !pubKey){
    return nil;
}
SecKeyRef keyRef = [RSA addPublicKey:pubKey];
if(!keyRef){
    return nil;
}
return [RSA encryptData:data withKeyRef:keyRef];
 }

+ (NSString *)decryptString:(NSString *)str publicKey:(NSString *)pubKey{
NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithBase64EncodedString:str options:NSDataBase64DecodingIgnoreUnknownCharacters];
data = [RSA decryptData:data publicKey:pubKey];
NSString *ret = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return ret;
}

+ (NSData *)decryptData:(NSData *)data publicKey:(NSString *)pubKey{
if(!data || !pubKey){
    return nil;
}
SecKeyRef keyRef = [RSA addPublicKey:pubKey];
if(!keyRef){
    return nil;
}
return [RSA decryptData:data withKeyRef:keyRef];
}

/* END: Encryption & Decryption with RSA public key */

@end