MacOS下SVN迁移Git踩坑记

1. First Blood

之前在Windows环境下进行svn到git的迁移是很简单的，参考官方文档。
可是在macOS环境下（macOS High Sierra 10.13.2），输入：

$ git svn

神奇的事情发生了，报了以下错误：

can't locate SVN/Core.pm in @INC (you may need to install the SVN::Core module) (@INC contains: /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.18.2/darwin-thread-multi-2level /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl /Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/5.18 /Network/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Network/Library/Perl/5.18 /Library/Perl/Updates/5.18.2 /System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /System/Library/Perl/5.18 /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.18 .) at /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm line 6.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm line 6.
Compilation failed in require at /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl/Git/SVN.pm line 25.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/git/lib/perl5/site_perl/Git/SVN.pm line 32.
Compilation failed in require at /usr/local/git/libexec/git-core/git-svn line 21.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/git/libexec/git-core/git-svn line 21.

看错误内容初步分析应该是svn安装问题，macOS是自带svn的，猜测svn损坏需要重新安装，Google之后找到重装方式：

• 安装 Command Line Tools

$ xcode-select --install

选择安装 等5-6分钟就好了

• 创建软链接

$ sudo ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/SVN /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.18/SVN
$ sudo ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/auto/SVN/ /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.18/auto/SVN

2. Double Kill

ln: /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.18/SVN: Operation not permitted

再次Google之后，了解到，由于El Capitan 系统保护机制，上述操作无效了。But,虽然不能写入 /System, 但是可以写入 /Library。
修改路径：

$ sudo mkdir /Library/Perl/5.18/auto
$ sudo ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/SVN /Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level
$ sudo ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/auto/SVN /Library/Perl/5.18/auto/

3. Triple Kill

再次输入git svn验证，结果还是报错。重新分析，git的常规命令，像更新、提交等都可以正常使用，唯独git svn执行会报错，会不会是git中某个组件有问题，Google之后查到可以单独安装:

$ brew install git svn

结果再再次报错，提示xcode版本过低，要我升级Xcode。之前有段时间没做Xcode为了清理空间把Xcode删掉了，重新下载5.5G，瞬间蛋疼了。

Updating Homebrew...
Error: Your Xcode (8.3.2) is too outdated.
Please update to Xcode 9.2 (or delete it).
Xcode can be updated from the App Store.

一边下载过程中一边继续Google看有没有别的解决方法，终于在踏破铁鞋无觅处之后，找到了最终解决办法。

4. 终极方法

• 打开用户协议，最后选择agree。

$ sudo xcodebuild -license

• 安装 Command Line Tools

$ xcode-select --install 

• 使用cpan安装 SVN::Core包

cpan是下载、安装、更新及管理的Perl工具

$ sudo cpan SVN::Core 

• 添加环境变量

#vim ~/.profile:
export PATH=/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin:$PATH

• 重装git，svn

$ brew reinstall git
$ brew reinstall subversion

再次输入git svn验证，问题解决。

---

参考资料：
[1] Git-scm：
https://git-scm.com