机器学习6-支持向量机求解算法
2021-05-11 本文已影响0人
jiarf
上一讲中支持向量机的原问题转化为对偶问题
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/f19b4443f7855c02.png)
这一讲讲解如何求解这个对偶问题,同时基于对偶问题的支持向量机算法的同意流程
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/7b598b7a67c2d66c.png)
所以只需要知道核函数就会知道这个对偶问题的解了,会得到
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/5f9f96502f61bc21.png)
更根据上面的式子
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/82334487e862c406.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/a83a71664ad6ebdc.png)
我们无需知道w的形式,可以通过核函数k(x1,x2)来算出
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/a8c9d8ae22c73053.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/0a6f49098e9aa71b.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/7c9a6151eac75883.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/d51fc04d70028864.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/812d159a1c94948c.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/15060b37a5782855.png)
获得b之后,对于一个测试样本X,如何知道他的测试类别呢
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/b3eb49bc28303d09.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/8598cb72908497bd.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/daed126949877b3f.png)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/afb9433f1d48814b.png)
这一结论被称为“核函数戏法”(kernel trick)
最后可以得到如下的判决标准
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/493ef61e8b4389a5.png)
所以我们只知道核函数也可以知道对测试样本的判别
最后基于对偶问题的求解总结支持向量机训练和测试的流程,其中yi是标签只能取+1或者-1的值
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/3421b75d83b0312d.png)
接下来我们求解如下的优化问题,
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/d144b37c9ff107e7.png)
再然后
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/a63e9bd68bc0765c.png)
一旦我们知道了
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/1fb6eb1503d9d833.png)
接下来是测试的过程
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/f28253812fd81ac7.png)
可以看到在这个过程中我们只用到了核函数
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i24181854/4dfcd8f313e53080.png)