springboot

SpringBoot--实战开发--Lombok (六)

2019-05-06  本文已影响59人  无剑_君

一、Lombok简介

  Lombok是一个编译级别的插件，它可以在项目编译的时候生成一些代码。比如日常开发过程中需要生产大量的JavaBean文件，每个JavaBean都需要提供大量的get和set方法，如果字段较多且发生变动的话修改起来相对繁琐，相应的lombok可以通过注解(@getter,@setter)为我们省去手动创建getter和setter方法的麻烦，它能够在我们编译源码的时候自动帮我们生成getter和setter方法。
即它最终能够达到的效果是：在源码中没有getter和setter方法，但是在编译生成的字节码文件中有getter和setter方法。

二、安装 lombok 插件

安装 lombok 插件 安装 lombok 插件

三、添加Maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

四、常用注解

@Data 注解在类上；提供类所有属性的 getting 和 setting 方法，此外还提供了equals、canEqual、hashCode、toString 方法
@Setter ：注解在属性上；为属性提供 setting 方法,final变量不包含
@Setter ：注解在属性上；为属性提供 getting 方法
@Log4j ：注解在类上；为类提供一个 属性名为log 的 log4j 日志对象
@NoArgsConstructor ：注解在类上；为类提供一个无参的构造方法
@AllArgsConstructor ：注解在类上；为类提供一个全参的构造方法
@Cleanup : 可以关闭流
@Builder ： 被注解的类加个构造者模式
@Synchronized ： 加个同步锁
@SneakyThrows : 等同于try/catch 捕获异常
@NonNull : 如果给参数加个这个注解 参数为null会抛出空指针异常
@Value : 注解和@Data类似，区别在于它会把所有成员变量默认定义为private final修饰，并且不会生成set方法。

五、注解使用

  1. @NonNull 判空处理

2.@Data 提供 get、set 方法
@Data直接修饰POJO or beans， getter所有的变量，setter所有不为final的变量。如果你不需要默认的生成方式，直接填写你需要的annotation的就可以了。默认生成的所有的annotation都是public的，如果需要不同权限修饰符可以使用AccessLevel.NONE选项。当然@Data 也可以使用staticConstructor选项生成一个静态方法。
=@Setter+@Getter+@EqualsAndHashCode+@NoArgsConstructor

//原始类
@Data
public class TestEntity {
    @Setter(AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
 
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {
        return this.age;
    }
 
    public String getType() {
        this.getClass();
        return "person";
    }
 
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if(o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if(!(o instanceof TestEntity)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            TestEntity other = (TestEntity)o;
            if(!other.canEqual(this)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                label47: {
                    String this$name = this.getName();
                    String other$name = other.getName();
                    if(this$name == null) {
                        if(other$name == null) {
                            break label47;
                        }
                    } else if(this$name.equals(other$name)) {
                        break label47;
                    }
 
                    return false;
                }
 
                Integer this$age = this.getAge();
                Integer other$age = other.getAge();
                if(this$age == null) {
                    if(other$age != null) {
                        return false;
                    }
                } else if(!this$age.equals(other$age)) {
                    return false;
                }
 
                String this$type = this.getType();
                String other$type = other.getType();
                if(this$type == null) {
                    if(other$type != null) {
                        return false;
                    }
                } else if(!this$type.equals(other$type)) {
                    return false;
                }
 
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
 
    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
        return other instanceof TestEntity;
    }
 
    public int hashCode() {
        boolean PRIME = true;
        byte result = 1;
        String $name = this.getName();
        int result1 = result * 59 + ($name == null?43:$name.hashCode());
        Integer $age = this.getAge();
        result1 = result1 * 59 + ($age == null?43:$age.hashCode());
        String $type = this.getType();
        result1 = result1 * 59 + ($type == null?43:$type.hashCode());
        return result1;
    }
 
    public String toString() {
        return "TestEntity(name=" + this.getName() + ", age=" + this.getAge() + ", type=" + this.getType() + ")";
    }
 
    private void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}
  1. @Setter
    生成setter方法,final变量不包含
//原始类
@Setter
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "type";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}
  1. @Getter
    生成getter方法,final变量不包含
//原始类
@Getter
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {
        return this.age;
    }
 
    public String getType() {
        this.getClass();
        return "person";
    }
}

  1. @Slf4j 日志打印

  2. @NoArgsConstructor
    生成空参构造

//原始类
@NoArgsConstructor
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
}
  1. @AllArgsConstructor 全参数构造函数
    生成全部参数构造

//原始类
@AllArgsConstructor
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    @ConstructorProperties({"name", "age"})
    public TestEntity(String name, Integer age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
}
  1. @RequiredArgsConstructor
    将标记为@NoNull的属性生成一个构造器,如果运行中标记为@NoNull的属性为null,会抛出空指针异常。
//原始类
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
    @NonNull
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    @NonNull
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    @ConstructorProperties({"age"})
    public TestEntity(@NonNull Integer age) {
        if(age == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("age");
        } else {
            this.age = age;
        }
    }
}
  1. @ToString 自动生成toString方法

//原始类
@ToString
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder var10000 = (new StringBuilder()).append("TestEntity(name=").append(this.name).append(", age=").append(this.age).append(", type=");
        this.getClass();
        return var10000.append("person").append(")").toString();
    }
}
  1. @EqualsAndHashCode
    生成equals()方法和hashCode方法

//原始类
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if(o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if(!(o instanceof TestEntity)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            TestEntity other = (TestEntity)o;
            if(!other.canEqual(this)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                label47: {
                    String this$name = this.name;
                    String other$name = other.name;
                    if(this$name == null) {
                        if(other$name == null) {
                            break label47;
                        }
                    } else if(this$name.equals(other$name)) {
                        break label47;
                    }
 
                    return false;
                }
 
                Integer this$age = this.age;
                Integer other$age = other.age;
                if(this$age == null) {
                    if(other$age != null) {
                        return false;
                    }
                } else if(!this$age.equals(other$age)) {
                    return false;
                }
 
                this.getClass();
                String this$type = "person";
                other.getClass();
                String other$type = "person";
                if(this$type == null) {
                    if(other$type != null) {
                        return false;
                    }
                } else if(!this$type.equals(other$type)) {
                    return false;
                }
 
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
 
    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
        return other instanceof TestEntity;
    }
 
    public int hashCode() {
        boolean PRIME = true;
        byte result = 1;
        String $name = this.name;
        int result1 = result * 59 + ($name == null?43:$name.hashCode());
        Integer $age = this.age;
        result1 = result1 * 59 + ($age == null?43:$age.hashCode());
        this.getClass();
        String $type = "person";
        result1 = result1 * 59 + ($type == null?43:$type.hashCode());
        return result1;
    }
}
  1. @Value 用于注解final类
    与@Data相对应的@Value， 两个annotation的主要区别就是如果变量不加@NonFinal ，@Value会给所有的弄成final的。当然如果是final的话，就没有set方法了。
//原始类
@Value
public class TestEntity {
    @Setter(AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public final class TestEntity {
    private final String name;
    private final Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    @ConstructorProperties({"name", "age"})
    public TestEntity(String name, Integer age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {
        return this.age;
    }
 
    public String getType() {
        this.getClass();
        return "person";
    }
 
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if(o == this) {
            return true;
        } else if(!(o instanceof TestEntity)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            TestEntity other;
            label44: {
                other = (TestEntity)o;
                String this$name = this.getName();
                String other$name = other.getName();
                if(this$name == null) {
                    if(other$name == null) {
                        break label44;
                    }
                } else if(this$name.equals(other$name)) {
                    break label44;
                }
 
                return false;
            }
 
            Integer this$age = this.getAge();
            Integer other$age = other.getAge();
            if(this$age == null) {
                if(other$age != null) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else if(!this$age.equals(other$age)) {
                return false;
            }
 
            String this$type = this.getType();
            String other$type = other.getType();
            if(this$type == null) {
                if(other$type != null) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else if(!this$type.equals(other$type)) {
                return false;
            }
 
            return true;
        }
    }
 
    public int hashCode() {
        boolean PRIME = true;
        byte result = 1;
        String $name = this.getName();
        int result1 = result * 59 + ($name == null?43:$name.hashCode());
        Integer $age = this.getAge();
        result1 = result1 * 59 + ($age == null?43:$age.hashCode());
        String $type = this.getType();
        result1 = result1 * 59 + ($type == null?43:$type.hashCode());
        return result1;
    }
 
    public String toString() {
        return "TestEntity(name=" + this.getName() + ", age=" + this.getAge() + ", type=" + this.getType() + ")";
    }
}
  1. @Builder ： 被注解的类加个构造者模式
    构造Builder模式的结构。通过内部类Builder()进行构建对象。
//原始类
@Builder
public class TestEntity {
 
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    @ConstructorProperties({"name", "age"})
    TestEntity(String name, Integer age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    public static TestEntity.TestEntityBuilder builder() {
        return new TestEntity.TestEntityBuilder();
    }
 
    public static class TestEntityBuilder {
        private String name;
        private Integer age;
 
        TestEntityBuilder() {
        }
 
        public TestEntity.TestEntityBuilder name(String name) {
            this.name = name;
            return this;
        }
 
        public TestEntity.TestEntityBuilder age(Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
            return this;
        }
 
        public TestEntity build() {
            return new TestEntity(this.name, this.age);
        }
 
        public String toString() {
            return "TestEntity.TestEntityBuilder(name=" + this.name + ", age=" + this.age + ")";
        }
    }
}
 
//Builder模式使用方法
@Test
public  void test(){
    TestEntity testEntity = TestEntity.builder()
                    .name("java")
                    .age(18)
                    .build();
}
  1. @Synchronized ： 加个同步锁
    同步方法
//原始类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
    @Synchronized
    public void write(){
        //do something
    }
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private final Object $lock = new Object[0];
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public void write() {
        Object var1 = this.$lock;
        synchronized(this.$lock) {
            ;
        }
    }
}
  1. @Cleanup @@SneakyThrows
    自动调用close方法关闭资源。
//原始类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    private final String type = "person";
 
    @SneakyThrows
    public  void  outputStream(){
         @Cleanup OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("/Users/hello"));
    }
}
//反编译的类
public class TestEntity {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private final String type = "person";
 
    public TestEntity() {
    }
 
    public void outputStream() {
        try {
            FileOutputStream $ex = new FileOutputStream(new File("/Users/hello"));
            if(Collections.singletonList($ex).get(0) != null) {
                $ex.close();
            }
 
        } catch (Throwable var2) {
            throw var2;
        }
    }
}
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