springmvc

2017-06-19  本文已影响0人  呦後

springMVC

SpringMVC:前端控制器,映射器,适配器,控制器,试图解析器

前端控制器

前端控制器在web.xml中配置

  
  <servlet>
  <!-- 命名 -->
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <!-- 加载包中的前端控制器 -->
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 让服务器已启动就开始加载文件springMVC.xml,用的是contextConfigLocation这个属性 -->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
    </init-param> 
        <!-- 启动加载 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 对应上面的命名 -->
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <!-- 对文件进行拦截来执行上面的程序, "/"代表拦截所有的-->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  

两种映射器

    <!-- 映射器 -->                    
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
   <!-- 映射器2 -->
   <bean class=" org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
            <!-- 这里的值要和控制器中的id相对应 -->
                <prop key="/text1">text</prop>
                <prop key="/text1">text</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
   </bean>


两种适配器

   <!-- 适配器  要实现Controller接口-->
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
   <!-- 适配器2 要实现 HttpRequestHandler接口 -->
   <bean class=" org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter"></bean>

控制器

   <!-- 控制器 -->
   <bean class="com.hemi.controller.MyController"  name="/text" id="text"></bean>
public class MyController implements org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller{

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {      
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
//      req.setAttribute("username", username);
//      req.setAttribute("password", password);
        ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView();
        if("lisi".equals(username)&&"123".equals(password)){
            view.setViewName("Hello.jsp");
        }
        else{
            view.setViewName("login.jsp");
        }
                
        return view;
    }

}

视图解析器

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>

视图解析器的配置前缀后缀

   <!-- 视图解析器 -->
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
   <!-- 前缀 -->
   <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
   <!-- 后缀 -->
   <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
   </bean>
    

注解适配器和映射器

注解适配器和映射器要一起使用才有效

     <!-- 扫描包 -->
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.hemi.controller"></context:component-scan>


   <!-- 配置注解 1-->
        <!-- 配置映射器注解 -->
   <bean class=" org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping "></bean>
        <!-- 配置适配器注解 -->
   <bean class=" org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>

    <!--配置注解2-->
    <!-- 终极替换上面的注解 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

Controller里使用注解

@Controller
public class TextControler{
    @RequestMapping(show1)
    public ModelAndView show1(){}
}

cotroller里面返回数据

ModleAndView类型返回值 返回值用一般用view保存使用 view.addObject方法(域对象也可以)

    @RequestMapping("show1")
    public ModelAndView show1(HttpServletRequest req){
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView();
        view.addObject("username", username);
        view.addObject("password", password);       
        view.setViewName("Hello");
        return view;        
    }

String类型返回值返回数据可以域对象,Modle以及ModleMap来保存数据

    @RequestMapping("show2")
    public String show2(Model model,HttpServletRequest req){
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        model.addAttribute("username", username);
        model.addAttribute("password", password);
        return "Hello";     
    }

void类型返回值要用域对象来保存数据

    @RequestMapping("show3")
    public void show3(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp){
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        req.setAttribute("username", username);
        req.setAttribute("password", password);
        try {
            req.getRequestDispatcher("Hello.jsp").forward(req, resp);
        } catch (ServletException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

参数绑定

简单参数绑定 pojo参数绑定,自定义类型

简单参数绑定:传入的数据和jsp中写入request中的数据参数相同,如果想用形参则使用注解@RequestParam("username")是取值 String name是取得别名

Pojo参数绑定:定义一个实体类和jsp中放入的数据类型相同,然后传入实体类可以获得参数

自定义类型: 创建一个转换类实现Converter<String, Date>接口 重写里面的方法进行转换,在springMVC.xml中配置将org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean类引入里面注入转换类,在注解驱动的属性中用conversion-service将配置的类加载驱动中,在实体类需要转换类型的字段(日期)上面添加 @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")

自定义转换类:

public class DateConvert implements Converter<String, Date>{

    @Override
    public Date convert(String source) {
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        try {
            return format.parse(source);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

}

springMVC中配置

    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">          
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
        
    <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <list>
                <bean class="com.hemi.controller.convert.DateConvert"></bean>
            </list>         
        </property>
        
    </bean>

User实体类中配置

 private String username;
 private String password;
 @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
 private Date date;

控制器:

    @RequestMapping("show4")
    public String show4(Model model,User user){
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "Hello";     
    }
}

参数绑定-数组,包装数据类型 list集合

login.jsp:

    <form action="show5" method="post">
        用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br> 
        密码:<input type="password" name="password"> <br>
        日期<input type="text" name="date"><br>
        <!--传递list集合中装的是多个地址对象-->
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入地址" name="add[0].addres"><br> 
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入编码" name="add[0].code"><br> 
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入地址" name="add[1].addres"><br> 
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入编码" name="add[1].code"><br> 
        <!--传递单个地址的实体对象-->
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入地址" name="add.addres"><br> 
        <input type="text" placeholder="请输入编码" name="add.code"><br> 
        <!--传递一个数组-->
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="basketball">篮球<br>
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="football">篮球<br>
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="tennis">网球
        <input type="submit" value="登录">
    </form>

user类:

 private String username;
 private String password;
 @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
 private Date date;
 private List<Address> add;
 private String[] hobby;

控制器:

    @RequestMapping("show5")
    public String show5(Model model,User user){
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "Hello";     
    }

全局异常处理开发:

1、自定义异常类
2、自定义异常处理器实现 HandlerExceptionResolver接口
3、在springmvc配置文件中配置全局异常控制器

自定义异常类:

public class CustomException extends Exception{
    private String msg;
        
    public CustomException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }
    
    
    
}

自定义异常处理器:

public class ExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver{

    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Object object,
            Exception ex) {
        CustomException customException=null;
        if (ex instanceof CustomException) {
            customException=(CustomException)ex;
        }else{
            customException=new CustomException("未知错误");
        }
        ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView();
        view.addObject("error", customException);
        view.setViewName("error");
        return view;
    }

}

springMVC的配置

<!-- 定义全局异常 -->
    <bean class="com.hemi.exception.handler.ExceptionHandler"></bean>

静态资源的释放

在配置文件中进行配置

    <!-- 静态资源释放-->
    <mvc:resources location="/image/" mapping="/image/*.*"></mvc:resources>

文件上传的步骤

1、编写配置文件

    <!-- 配置文件上传处理 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"></property>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"></property>
    </bean>

2、编写控制器
上传单个文件:

    public String upload(MultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest req) throws IllegalStateException, IOException{
        if(file==null){
            return "uploadFile";            
        }
        //取出文件名
        String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //根据文件的虚拟入境找到真实入境
        String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/temp");
          File file2 = new File(path);
          if (!file2.exists()) {
            //创建目录
            file2.mkdirs();
        }
          //将传入的文件按照真实入境和文件名写出来
        file.transferTo(new File(file2,filename));
        return "success";       
    }

批量上传文件

    @RequestMapping("/upload1")
    public String upload1(MultipartFile[] file,HttpServletRequest req) throws IllegalStateException, IOException{
        if (file.length==0) {
            return "uploadFile";
        }
        for (MultipartFile multipartFile : file) {
            String filename = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
            String realPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/team");
            File file2 = new File(realPath);
            if (!file2.exists()) {
                file2.mkdirs();
            }
            multipartFile.transferTo(new File(file2,filename));         
        }
        return "success";
    }

3、编写前端表单页面
注意:把form表单的默认的enctype 类型改成 enctype="multipart/form-data"

    <form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    请上传文件:<input type="file" name="file">
        <br>
        <input type="submit" value="upload">
    </form> 
    <hr>
    <form action="upload1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    请上传文件:<input type="file" name="file">
        <br>
        请上传文件:<input type="file" name="file">
        <br>
        <input type="submit" value="upload1">
    </form> 
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