Java-SocketServer极简示例

2023-09-21  本文已影响0人  祥龙翔天

引言:作为ctrl cv工程师,实现用socket通信连续收发信息这个功能,却还是废了一些功夫,特此记录。

本文将分为三部分示例,示例将会层层推进。第一部分展示如何实现socket客户端向服务端发消息;第二部分展示如何实现socket服务端向客户端发送消息;第三部分展示如何实现socket客户端和服务端相互发消息。

客户端向服务端发消息

我们将实现通过socket客户端向服务端发消息,服务端接收消息并展示

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Enumeration;

public class SocketServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        int port = 1573;
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
        System.out.println("ServerSocket创建成功,地址为 " + getLocalIP() + ":" + port);
        System.out.println("等待接收客户端消息...");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
        String read = dataInputStream.readUTF();
        System.out.println("收到来自客服端的消息:" + read);
    }

    /**
     * 获取本机IP
     * @return 本机IP,获取失败则返回 "0.0.0.0"
     * @throws SocketException
     */
    public static String getLocalIP() throws SocketException {
        Enumeration<NetworkInterface> networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();

        while(networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
            NetworkInterface next = networkInterfaces.nextElement();
            Enumeration<InetAddress> inetAddresses = next.getInetAddresses();

            while(inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()) {
                InetAddress inetAddress = inetAddresses.nextElement();
                if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress() && inetAddress instanceof Inet4Address) {
                    return inetAddress.getHostAddress();
                }
            }
        }
        return "0.0.0.0";
    }
}
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SocketClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入ip");
        String ip = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入端口");
        int port = scanner.nextInt();
        String url = ip + ":" + port;
        System.out.println("我们即将连接 →\n               " + url);
        Socket socket = new Socket(ip, port);
        System.out.println("socket连接成功,请输入要发送的内容:");
        String sendToServer = scanner.next();
        DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
        dataOutputStream.writeUTF(sendToServer);
        dataOutputStream.flush();
        System.out.println("发送成功");
        dataOutputStream.close();
    }
}
javac -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 SocketServer.java
java SocketServer
javac -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 SocketClient.java
java SocketClient

客户端和服务端运行后如下图

客户端和服务端运行后

我们在客户端输入ip和端口(ip和端口和服务端对应),以连接服务端

客户端连接上服务端

我们在客户端继续输入要发送的内容

客户端发送内容

可以看到,服务端正常接收到客户端发送过来的消息

服务端向客户端发消息

我们将实现通过socket服务端向客户端发消息,客户端接收消息并展示

修改服务端(SocketServer.java)代码

DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
String sendBackToClient = "哈喽,我是服务端,要不起";
System.out.println("将要发送到客户端的内容:" + sendBackToClient);
dataOutputStream.write(sendBackToClient.getBytes());
dataOutputStream.flush();

代码对比如下:

修改服务端(`SocketServer.java`)代码

修改客户端(SocketClient.java)代码

System.out.println(" →→  等待接收服务端发来的消息!");
int bufferSize = 16 * 1024;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
try {
    int readCount = socket.getInputStream().read(buffer);
    String read = new String(buffer, 0, readCount);
    System.out.println(" →→  收到来自服务端的消息:" + read);
} catch (IOException e) {
    throw new RuntimeException(e);
}

代码对比如下:

修改客户端(`SocketClient.java`)代码

运行结果如下:

服务端发送内容

互发消息

有了前面的两个章节,实现服务器与客户端互发消息只是代码结构的问题

修改服务端(SocketServer.java)代码

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int bufferSize = 16 * 1024;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
boolean runningFlag = true;
try {
    while (runningFlag) {
        int readCount = socket.getInputStream().read(buffer);
        String read2 = new String(buffer, 0, readCount);
        System.out.print("客户端出:" + read2 + ", 那我出:");
        String will = scanner.next();
        dataOutputStream.write(will.getBytes());
        dataOutputStream.flush();
    }
} catch (IOException e) {
    throw new RuntimeException(e);
}

代码对比如下:

修改服务端(`SocketServer.java`)代码

修改客户端(SocketClient.java)代码

boolean runningFlag = true;
try {
    while (runningFlag) {
        int readCount = socket.getInputStream().read(buffer);
        String read = new String(buffer, 0, readCount);
        System.out.print("服务器出:" + read + ", 那我出:");
        String will = scanner.next();
        dataOutputStream.write(will.getBytes());
        dataOutputStream.flush();
    }
} catch (IOException e) {
    throw new RuntimeException(e);
}

代码对比如下:

修改客户端(`SocketClient.java`)代码

运行结果如下:

互发内容

以上,仅供参考,收工!

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