赖世雄美语从头学初级篇（上）Lesson 021 I Don't
I. Reading 阅读
I don't know anyone at this party. There's a strange man. He has a big nose and small ears. I don't know him. There are two women. They're wearing glasses. I don't know them, either.
There is a cute young girl, she has long hair and fair skin. She's dancing with someone. I like her, but everyone else does, too.
这个宴会上的人我一个也不认识。有个陌生人。他鼻大耳小。我不认识他。有两个女人，她们都戴着眼镜。我也不认识他们。
有位可爱的年轻女孩．她留着长发，皮肤白皙。她正跟某人跳舞。我喜欢她，但其他的人也都喜欢她。
II. Vocabulary&ldioms 单词短语注解
- know [no] vt.认识
例: Do you know the way to my house?
(你知道去我家的路吗?) - anyone ['ɛnɪ'wʌn] pron.任何一个人
例: Does anyone want an orange?
(有没有人想要橙呢?) - party ['pɑrti] n.宴会，(社交性或娱乐性的)聚会
- strange [strendʒ] a.陌生的；奇怪的
例: Tim's girlfriend has a strange voice.
(蒂姆女友的声音很奇怪。) - big [bɪɡ] a.大的
- nose [noz] n.鼻子
- small [smɔl] a.小的
- ear [ɪr] n.耳朵
- women ['wɪmɪn] n.女人(复数)
woman ['wʊmən] n.女人(单数)
one woman 一个女人
two women 两个女人 - wear [wɛr] vt.穿，戴(帽子、耳环、鞋子、衣服、皮带等任何穿戴在身上的东西)
例: I like to wear jeans.
(我喜欢穿牛仔裤。) - glasses ['glæsɪz] n. 眼镜
glass可作“玻璃”或“玻璃杯”解，作“玻璃”解
时，是不可数名词；作“玻璃杯”解时，则为可数名词。
例: a piece of glass 一片玻璃
two pieces of glass两片玻璃
a glass 一只玻璃杯
two glasses两只玻璃杯
但glasses亦可作“眼镜”解，山于眼镜的镜片有两片，故用来指“眼镜”时，glasses用复数。
例: a pair of glasses副眼镜
two pairs of glasses两副眼镜 - cute [kjʊt] a.可爱的
例: Everybody likes cute children.
(每个人都喜欢可爱的小孩。) - young [jʌŋ] a. 年轻的
例: The young man is very polite.
(那个年轻人很有礼貌。) - long [lɔŋ] a.长的
例: John likes girls with long hair.
(约翰喜欢长头发的女孩。) - fair [fɛr] a. (皮肤)内哲的
注意:
本文的fair专指皮肤的白皙，此处不可用white(白的)来取代。因为white skin是指白种人的白皮肤。 - skin [skɪn] n.皮肤(不可数)
- dance [dæns] vi.跳舞
例: Do you know how to dance?
(你知道怎么跳舞吗?) - someone ['sʌmwʌn] pron.某个人
- else [ɛls] adv.另外，别的(置于everybody、somebody、nobody 之 后 )
everybody else 其他每个人
= everyone else
somebody else 另外一个人
=someone else
nobody else 没有其他的人
=no one else
例: I like my teacher, but everyone else doesn't.
(我喜欢我的老师，但是其他人都不喜欢。)
Sorry? I can't help you. Please ask someone else.
(抱歉,我没办法帮你。请你找別人吧!)
James smokes, but no one else in the office.
(詹姆士抽烟，但是办公室里的其他人都不抽烟。)
III. Grammar Points 语法重点
本课介绍not形成的否定句，并介绍代词anyone与someone的区别。
I don't know anyone at this party.
(这个宴会上的人我一个也不认识。)
本句为以副词not形成的否定句子结构。否定句均由肯定句变化而成，有下列三种型态：
a. 句中有be动词时，not置于该be动词之后。
例: He is intelligent. (肯定)
(他聪明。)
He is not intelligent. ( 否定 )
= He isn't intelligent.
(他不聪明。)
b. 句中有助动词如can(能够)、will(将要)。
may(可以)、must(必须)等时，not置于该助动词之后。
例: He will come today. ( 肯定 )
(他今天会来。)
He will not come today. ( 否定 )
= He won't come today.
(他今天不会来。)
The boy can sing. ( 肯定 )
(这男孩会唱歌。)
The boy cannot sing. ( 否 定 )
=The boy can't sing.
(这男孩不会唱歌。)
*can与not并用时，应写成cannot而非can
not，但will、may、must等助动词与not并
用时，则仍为will not、may not、must not。
c. 句中只有一般动词而无be动词或助动词时，应先在主语之后按人称变化分置助动词do或does，再加not，原来的动词均改为动词原形。
例: She loves David. (肯定)
(她爱大卫。)
此时主语She为第三人称单数代词，故She之后应置does，再加not，然后将loves改为love,
即
She does not love David. ( 否定 )
=She doesn't love David.
(她不爱大卫。)
例: They like music. (肯定)
( 他们喜欢音乐。)
此时主语They为第三人称复数代词，故They之后应置 do，再加not,like的原形仍为like，即
They do not like music. ( 否定 )
= They don't like music.
(他们不喜欢音乐。)
- anyone/someone 任何一个人/某个人
以上两个代词分别等于anybody及somebody。
anyone或anybody用于否定句或疑问句中，someone或somebody则用于肯定向中。
例: I don't know anybody in the classroom.（否定）
(教室里的人我都不认识。)
There isn't anybody in the room. ( 否定 )
(房间里一个人都没有。)
Does anyone know the answer? ( 疑问 )
(有人知道这答案吗?)
Can anybody do it?(疑问)
(这件事有人会做吗?)
There is someone there. ( 肯定 )
(那里有个人。)
Somebody is talking to Mary.(肯定)
（有人在跟玛丽说话。）
不过anybody与anyone若作主语时，仍可用于肯定句中，作强调的用法。
例: Anybody can answer the question.
(任何人都能回答这个问题。)
If he can do it, anyone can.
(他若能做这件事，那么任何人都能够做了。)
IV. Substitution 替换
- He has a big nose and small ears.
He has a round face and a big mouth
She has a thin face and round eyes.
(他鼻大耳小。）
(他脸回嘴大。)
(她脸瘦眼圈。) - They're wearing glasses.
He's wearing a yellow suit.
She's wearing a purple hat.
(他们都戴着眼镜。)
(他穿着一套黄色的西装。)
(她戴着一顶紫色的帽子。)
