your vision
正文
Here’s how to keep screens from ruining your vision
如何防止屏幕损害视力?
Laboratory studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high-intensity blue light damages retinal cells in mice. But epidemiological studies on real people tell a different story.
实验室研究表明,长时间暴露在高强度的蓝光下会损伤小鼠的视网膜细胞。但是以真人为研究对象的流行病学研究却有不同的发现。
So, why the disconnect between blue light’s effects on rodent eyes and human eyes?
那么,为什么蓝光对啮齿动物的影响,与其对人眼的影响不同呢?
Human eyes are different than rodent eyes. We have protective elements, such as macular pigments and the natural blue-blocking ability of the crystalline lens. These structures absorb blue light before it reaches the delicate retina.
人眼和啮齿动物的眼睛不同。我们有保护性成分,如黄斑色素以及天然防蓝光的晶状体。这些结构能在蓝光到达脆弱的视网膜之前就把它吸收掉。
Just because blue light isn’t harming your retina doesn’t mean your electronic devices are harmless. Because of its wavelength, blue light does disrupt healthy sleep physiology.
仅仅因为蓝光不会伤害你的视网膜,并不意味着你的电子设备就没有害处。蓝光的波长导致它确实会扰乱健康睡眠的生理规律。
Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall asleep. It also robs you of restorative rapid-eye-movement sleep, dulls focus, and diminishes brain activity the next day.
越来越多的证据表明,睡觉前使用屏幕会增加入睡时间。它还会让你无法完成恢复精力的快速动眼睡眠,让你在第二天无法集中注意力,大脑活跃度下降。
There are ways to make your screen viewing more comfortable and more conducive to sleep.
这里有一些方法能让你看屏幕更舒服,并降低其对睡眠的影响。
First, turn off your electronic devices before bed. Outside of the bedroom, when you do look at your screens, lower the brightness.
首先,睡觉前关掉你的电子设备。在其他场合看屏幕时,要调低亮度。
Second, follow the “20-20-20” rule. The American Optometric Association defines this rule as taking a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet in the distance. This will allow your eyes to blink and relax.
第二,遵循“三个 20”原则。美国验光协会将其定义为:每隔 20 分钟休息 20 秒,并注视 20 英尺外的物体。这会让眼睛有眨眼和放松的机会。
Third, use lubricating eye drops before extended computer use. This tactic will reinforce the body’s natural tears and keep the eye’s surface hydrated.
第三,在长时间使用电脑前使用润滑型眼药水。这个方法能补充人体的天然泪液,使眼球表面保持湿润。
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主编:Yawen
品控:宇轩
审核:Lucky
重点词汇
prolonged
/prəˈlɑːŋd/
adj. 延续很久的,长期的
词性拓展:prolong(v. 延长)
英文释义:continuing for a long time
搭配短语:a prolonged silence
搭配短语:a prolonged delay
epidemiological
/ˌep.ə.diːmi.əˈlɑːdʒ.kəl/
adj. 流行病学的
相关词汇:epidemic(n. 流行病)
词根词缀:-ology(...的学科)
相关词汇:anthropology(人类学); geology(地质学)
rodent
/ˈroʊ.dənt/
n. 啮齿动物(如老鼠等)
文化补充:这个词来自于表示“咬和啃”的拉丁语(rodere),在科学界,啮齿动物是最常用的实验对象,这里蓝光实验用到的小鼠就是啮齿动物。
delicate
/ˈdel.ə.kət/
adj. 脆弱的,需要小心处理的
词义辨析:delicate, fragile
两个词都有“脆弱的”意思,fragile 的程度更深,可以表示健康方面的虚弱,be in fragile health;而 delicate 偏向于形容一些在做工和质地方面非常精美但很脆弱的东西,比如易碎的瓷器,delicate china。
physiology
/ˌfɪz.iˈɑː.lə.dʒi/
n. 生理学
搭配短语:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
mounting
/ˈmaʊn.t̬ɪŋ/
adj. 增加的;加剧的
词性拓展:mount(v. 增加,叠加)
搭配短语:mounting pressure
搭配短语:mounting credit card bills
rob sb. of
抢劫某人的...;剥夺某人的...
英文释义:to take something important away from sb.
例句:By doing this, you will rob yourself of your future.
restorative
/rɪˈstɔːr.ə.t̬ɪv/
adj. 有恢复作用的,使人恢复的
词性拓展:restore(v. 恢复)
搭配短语:the restorative power of fresh air
dull
/dʌl/
v. 使…变钝
词性拓展:dull (adj. 枯燥的,乏味的,迟缓的)
英文释义:to make sth. dull
例句:Time dulls the memory.
例句:His eyes slowly dulled.
diminish
/dɪˈmɪn.ɪʃ/
v. 减少,减小,降低
例句:Her popularity has diminished.
conducive
/kənˈduː.sɪv/
adj. 有利的,有助的,有益的
例句:Exercise is conducive/beneficial to good health.
optometric
/ɑːptɑː.'mə.trɪk/
adj. 验光的
词性拓展:optometry(n. 验光)
词根词缀:-metry(测量)
相关词汇:geometry(n. 几何)
lubricate
/ˈluː.brə.keɪt/
v. 润滑,使润滑
drops
/drɑːps/
n.(药物)滴液,滴剂
搭配短语:eye drops(眼药水)
tactic
/ˈtæk.tɪk/
n. 策略,手法;战术
例句:They tried all kinds of sales tactics to promote their products.
reinforce
/ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrs/
v. 增加,强化;增援
hydrate
/ˈhaɪ.dreɪt/
v.(身体)补充水分
词性拓展:hydrated(adj. 湿润的)
例句:Stay hydrated while you exercise.