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自定义View基础 - 最易懂的自定义View原理系列（1）

自定义View Measure过程 - 最易懂的自定义View原理系列（2）

Android View 测量流程(Measure)完全解析

源码

源码不多，直接复制

public static class MeasureSpec {
        private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;
        //1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
        private static final int MODE_MASK  = 0x3 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /** @hide */
        @IntDef({UNSPECIFIED, EXACTLY, AT_MOST})
        @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
        public @interface MeasureSpecMode {}

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The parent has not imposed any constraint
         * on the child. It can be whatever size it wants.
         * 父View没有对子view施加任何约束。 它可以是它想要的任何尺寸。
         */
        //0
        public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The parent has determined an exact size
         * for the child. The child is going to be given those bounds regardless
         * of how big it wants to be.
         * 父view已确定子view的大小。 无论view想要多大，view都将被赋予这些界限
         */
        //0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
        public static final int EXACTLY     = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The child can be as large as it wants up
         * to the specified size.
         */
        //1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
        public static final int AT_MOST     = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Creates a measure specification based on the supplied size and mode.
         *
         * The mode must always be one of the following:
         * <ul>
         *  <li>{@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#UNSPECIFIED}</li>
         *  <li>{@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#EXACTLY}</li>
         *  <li>{@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#AT_MOST}</li>
         * </ul>
         *
         * <p><strong>Note:</strong> On API level 17 and lower, makeMeasureSpec's
         * implementation was such that the order of arguments did not matter
         * and overflow in either value could impact the resulting MeasureSpec.
         * {@link android.widget.RelativeLayout} was affected by this bug.
         * Apps targeting API levels greater than 17 will get the fixed, more strict
         * behavior.</p>
         *
         * @param size the size of the measure specification
         * @param mode the mode of the measure specification
         * @return the measure specification based on size and mode
         * 根据新的 mode 和 size
         * 重新生成新的MeasureSpec
         */
        public static int makeMeasureSpec(@IntRange(from = 0, to = (1 << MeasureSpec.MODE_SHIFT) - 1) int size,
                                          @MeasureSpecMode int mode) {
            if (sUseBrokenMakeMeasureSpec) {
                return size + mode;
            } else {
                return (size & ~MODE_MASK) | (mode & MODE_MASK);
            }
        }

        /**
         * Like {@link #makeMeasureSpec(int, int)}, but any spec with a mode of UNSPECIFIED
         * will automatically get a size of 0. Older apps expect this.
         *
         * @hide internal use only for compatibility with system widgets and older apps
         */
        public static int makeSafeMeasureSpec(int size, int mode) {
            if (sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec && mode == UNSPECIFIED) {
                return 0;
            }
            return makeMeasureSpec(size, mode);
        }

        /**
         * Extracts the mode from the supplied measure specification.
         *
         * @param measureSpec the measure specification to extract the mode from
         * @return {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#UNSPECIFIED},
         *         {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#AT_MOST} or
         *         {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#EXACTLY}
         *  从提供的测量规范中提取模式
         */
        @MeasureSpecMode
        public static int getMode(int measureSpec) {
            //noinspection ResourceType
            return (measureSpec & MODE_MASK);
        }

        /**
         * Extracts the size from the supplied measure specification.
         *
         * @param measureSpec the measure specification to extract the size from
         * @return the size in pixels defined in the supplied measure specification
         *   从提供的测量规范中提取尺寸。
         */
        public static int getSize(int measureSpec) {
            return (measureSpec & ~MODE_MASK);
        }

        static int adjust(int measureSpec, int delta) {
            final int mode = getMode(measureSpec);
            int size = getSize(measureSpec);
            if (mode == UNSPECIFIED) {
                // No need to adjust size for UNSPECIFIED mode.
                return makeMeasureSpec(size, UNSPECIFIED);
            }
            size += delta;
            if (size < 0) {
                Log.e(VIEW_LOG_TAG, "MeasureSpec.adjust: new size would be negative! (" + size +
                        ") spec: " + toString(measureSpec) + " delta: " + delta);
                size = 0;
            }
            return makeMeasureSpec(size, mode);
        }

        /**
         * Returns a String representation of the specified measure
         * specification.
         *
         * @param measureSpec the measure specification to convert to a String
         * @return a String with the following format: "MeasureSpec: MODE SIZE"
         */
        public static String toString(int measureSpec) {
            int mode = getMode(measureSpec);
            int size = getSize(measureSpec);

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("MeasureSpec: ");

            if (mode == UNSPECIFIED)
                sb.append("UNSPECIFIED ");
            else if (mode == EXACTLY)
                sb.append("EXACTLY ");
            else if (mode == AT_MOST)
                sb.append("AT_MOST ");
            else
                sb.append(mode).append(" ");

            sb.append(size);
            return sb.toString();
        }
    }

MeasureSpec

测量规格（MeasureSpec） = 测量模式（mode） + 测量大小（size）

image.png

测量模式（Mode）的类型有3种：UNSPECIFIED、EXACTLY 和 AT_MOST。

image.png

MeasureSpec值的计算

子View的MeasureSpec值根据子View的布局参数（LayoutParams）和父容器的MeasureSpec值计算得来的，具体计算逻辑封装在getChildMeasureSpec()里

image.png

即：子view的大小由父view的MeasureSpec值 和 子view的LayoutParams属性 共同决定

规律

image.png

其中的规律总结：（以子View为标准，横向观察）

image.png

DecorView的MeasureSpec

区别于顶级View（即DecorView）的测量规格MeasureSpec计算逻辑：取决于 自身布局参数 & 窗口尺寸

image.png

单一view绘制流程

image.png

需要注意的是，在setMeasuredDimension()方法调用之后，我们才能使用getMeasuredWidth()和getMeasuredHeight()来获取视图测量出的宽高，以此之前调用这两个方法得到的值都会是0。

由此可见，视图大小的控制是由父视图、布局文件、以及视图本身共同完成的，父视图会提供给子视图参考的大小，而开发人员可以在XML文件中指定视图的大小，然后视图本身会对最终的大小进行拍板。

ViewGroup的measure过程

Android View 测量流程(Measure)完全解析

小结：那么到目前为止，以DecorView为切入点，把ViewGroup的测量流程详细地分析了一遍，在ViewRootImpl#performTraversals中获得DecorView的尺寸，然后在performMeasure方法中开始测量流程，对于不同的layout布局有着不同的实现方式，但大体上是在onMeasure方法中，对每一个子View进行遍历，根据ViewGroup的MeasureSpec及子View的layoutParams来确定自身的测量宽高，然后最后根据所有子View的测量宽高信息再确定父容器的测量宽高。