SpringBoot基础教程(一)——启动
2018-03-24 本文已影响251人
数齐
个人认为，研究一个框架的开始，你得先把它运行起来，然后可以通过一些手段来研究，比如常见的方式是debug,了解内部运行机制，从而能够从框架里面吸收一些优点运用到我们的实际开发中。我们将采用“先看现象，再看本质”的流程来看一下spring boot 这个优秀的框架。目前阶段先看现象，也就是如果使用。后续会通过源码的角度来深入分析下他是如何实现的，也就是我们说的“再看本质”。
spring boot 现在这么流行，几乎可以任何微服务的“底座”，必然是有它的道理的。其中最重要的一个原因就是接入方便。基本上jar包一引入，加一个注解，就可以了，你就拥有了spring boot的强大的功能了。另外一个原因就是扩展spring,详情请看我的另外一篇文章我眼中的spring boot，不做累述。下面我们看看是spring boot 的启动时多方便。已经知道的，请移步，不适合你们了。本次教程使用的spring boot 的版本是1.3.5.RELEASE。
本次教程的源码采用project-module的形式。讲解的每个知识点都采用一个module的形式展现，循序渐进，大家可以从github上下载到源码。
首先我们再parent pom中定义下我们的引入的spring boot的版本
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring-boot.version>1.3.5.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
<maven.compiler.version>3.1</maven.compiler.version>
</properties>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
本节课的项目名称叫做spring-boot-start。这个module的pom中，需要引入spring boot 的模块
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
引入spring-boot-start模块，主要是spring boot依赖的一些基础包，比如spring,log 等。spring-boot-starter-web 主要是提供web服务，因为我们如果需要暴露服务就需要有容器，所以它里面默认导入了tomcat web 容器提供服务，默认端口8080，当然也可以需要不用tomcat,用jetty，不用8080端口，使用8081等，这些都可以通过配置文件改变，不需要改一点代码。
剩下的就是在代码中写一个main方法，在类上打上注解就行了
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApplicationMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ApplicationMain.class, args);
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("[yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss]").format(new Date()) + " server started!");
}}
然后就可以启动了
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java "-javaagent:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA.app/Contents/lib/idea_rt.jar=53281:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA.app/Contents/bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/deploy.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/cldrdata.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/jaccess.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/jfxrt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/nashorn.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/javaws.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jce.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfr.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfxswt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jsse.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/management-agent.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/plugin.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/resources.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/ant-javafx.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/dt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/javafx-mx.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/jconsole.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/packager.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/sa-jdi.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/tools.jar:/Users/olifer/github/spring-boot-test/spring-boot-start/target/classes:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-context/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-logging/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-logging-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.7/logback-classic-1.1.7.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-core/1.1.7/logback-core-1.1.7.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.21/slf4j-api-1.7.21.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jcl-over-slf4j/1.7.21/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.21.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jul-to-slf4j/1.7.21/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.21.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/log4j-over-slf4j/1.7.21/log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.21.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-core-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/yaml/snakeyaml/1.16/snakeyaml-1.16.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-web/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-web-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/8.0.33/tomcat-embed-core-8.0.33.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-el/8.0.33/tomcat-embed-el-8.0.33.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-logging-juli/8.0.33/tomcat-embed-logging-juli-8.0.33.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-websocket/8.0.33/tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.33.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-validation/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-validation-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/hibernate/hibernate-validator/5.2.4.Final/hibernate-validator-5.2.4.Final.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/javax/validation/validation-api/1.1.0.Final/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/jboss/logging/jboss-logging/3.3.0.Final/jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/classmate/1.1.0/classmate-1.1.0.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-databind/2.6.6/jackson-databind-2.6.6.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-annotations/2.6.6/jackson-annotations-2.6.6.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-core/2.6.6/jackson-core-2.6.6.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-web/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-web-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aop/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-aop-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/aopalliance/aopalliance/1.0/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-beans/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-beans-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-webmvc-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:/Users/olifer/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-expression/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-expression-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar com.shuqi.ApplicationMain
objc[1703]: Class JavaLaunchHelper is implemented in both /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java and /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_91.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/libinstrument.dylib. One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined.
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.5.RELEASE)
2018-03-24 10:32:46.920 INFO 1703 --- [ main] com.shuqi.ApplicationMain : Starting ApplicationMain on oliferdeMacBook-Pro.local with PID 1703 (/Users/olifer/github/spring-boot-test/spring-boot-start/target/classes started by olifer in /Users/olifer/github/spring-boot-test)
2018-03-24 10:32:46.930 INFO 1703 --- [ main] com.shuqi.ApplicationMain : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2018-03-24 10:32:47.080 INFO 1703 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@5e57643e: startup date [Sat Mar 24 10:32:47 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-03-24 10:32:49.240 INFO 1703 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-03-24 10:32:49.265 INFO 1703 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat
2018-03-24 10:32:49.266 INFO 1703 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.33
2018-03-24 10:32:49.420 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-03-24 10:32:49.421 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2348 ms
2018-03-24 10:32:49.704 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2018-03-24 10:32:49.711 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2018-03-24 10:32:49.711 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2018-03-24 10:32:49.712 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2018-03-24 10:32:49.712 INFO 1703 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2018-03-24 10:32:50.129 INFO 1703 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@5e57643e: startup date [Sat Mar 24 10:32:47 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-03-24 10:32:50.229 INFO 1703 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-03-24 10:32:50.230 INFO 1703 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-03-24 10:32:50.262 INFO 1703 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-03-24 10:32:50.262 INFO 1703 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-03-24 10:32:50.305 INFO 1703 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-03-24 10:32:50.471 INFO 1703 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-03-24 10:32:50.622 INFO 1703 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-03-24 10:32:50.628 INFO 1703 --- [ main] com.shuqi.ApplicationMain : Started ApplicationMain in 4.859 seconds (JVM running for 5.543)
[2018-03-24 10:32:50] server started!
特别主要，这个启动类的位置不是随便选的，一定要放到最外层，因为这涉及到扫描包中的Bean，切记！！！
下节将的内容是：SpringBoot基础教程(二)——与Mybatis的结合
