Evolved To Excercise(Scientific
Words and phrases
1.eke out a living:to manage to live with very little money 竭力维持生计；勉强度日
2.throw tantrums 发脾气
3.cast new light on 新发现
4. gorge yourself (on sth)= stuff yourself: ( sometimes disapproving) to eat a lot of sth, until you are too full to eat any more 贪婪地吃；狼吞虎咽
5.binge (on sth): to eat or drink too much, especially without being able to control yourself 大吃大喝；狂欢作乐
6.knock off (sth):( informal) to stop doing sth, especially work 停止某事；中断某事；（尤指）下班，收工
7.on a par with sb/sth:as good, bad, important, etc. as sb/sth else 与…同样好（或坏、重要等）；不相上下；不相伯仲
8.gouges and scrapes of butchery 屠宰留下的痕迹
9.clandestine meeting 秘密会议
10.dole sth↔out (to sb):( informal) to give out an amount of food, money, etc. to a number of people in a group 发放，发给（食物、钱等）；施舍
11.a hunting-and-gathering strategy
12.tectonic shift 结构性变化
13.scurvy 坏血病
14.ram ventilation：(sharks and scombrid fish)using the constant forward motion to ram water into their mouths and past their gills to breath 推进式呼吸
15.rack up sth:( especially NAmE) to collect sth, such as profits or losses in a business, or points in a competition 累积；聚集（某物）；累计（得分）
◆ The company racked up $200 million in losses in two years. 公司两年内损失累计达 2 亿元。
Sentences
1.the alpha male needs to carve some time out every day to thrash a few victims or display mightily.
雄性领袖需要每天抽出一些时间来痛打几个受害者，或者表现得很强势。
to carve some time out 抽出时间
thrash:to hit a person or an animal many times with a stick, etc. as a punishment （作为惩罚用棍子等）抽打，连续击打
2.When did we trade the low-key existence of our fellow apes for a more strenuous way of life and why?什么时候起我们人类用一种更艰苦的生活方式取代了类人猿的低调生活，原因何在?
the low-key existence 低调生活
trade for 交换
3.Hunting and gathering also put an evolutionary premium on intelligence.狩猎采集方式也给智力发展带来了进化上的优势。
4.The steady increases in brain size and technological complexity over the past two million years seem to accumulate like a snowball rolling downhill, but any impression of momentum is an illusion. Evolution has a great memory but no plans.
在过去的200万年里，大脑体积和技术复杂性的稳步增长似乎像滚雪球一样越滚越大，但任何动量的印象给人的感觉都像是一种错觉。进化有伟大的记忆但没有计划。
5.Exercise causes the release of neurotrophic molecules that promote neurogenesis and brain growth, and it is known to improve memory and stave off age-related cognitive decline.
运动导致神经营养分子的释放，促进神经生成和大脑生长，众所周知，运动可以改善记忆力，防止与年龄有关的认知能力下降。
neurotrophic molecules 神经营养分子
stave sth↔ˈoff：( staved , staved ) to prevent sth bad from affecting you for a period of time; to delay sth 暂时挡住（坏事）；延缓，推迟（某事物）
6.But exercise is not optional; it is essential, and weight loss is probably the one health benefit it largely fails to deliver.
但锻炼不是选修项目;这是至关重要的，并且减肥可能是它所不能带来的健康益处之一。
7.There was no need to seek it out, no evolutionary pressure to lose the ancient, simian weakness for gluttony and sloth.
没有必要去寻根究底，在失去古老的、类人猿的贪食和懒惰的弱点上并没有进化的压力。
gluttony and sloth贪食和懒惰
