自定义viewUI效果仿写

(自定义view)案例1 Android九宫格解锁应用

2019-06-18  本文已影响11人  总会颠沛流离
image

实现思路:

1.绘制点层
2.绘制线层
3.处理触摸事件(相对来说的难点)
4.实现绘制结束时的回调

写在前面:
实现过程中我们先不做大小适配,将控件的大小写死,根据原型图,将控件大小设置为边长为790px的正方形,其中的圆点大小,涉及到的线的宽度等一系列长度信息均使用测量得到的长度(px)表示,最后再以百分比的形式做屏幕大小适配,比如,我的原型图宽度是790px,其中圆点直径大小为86px,那么如果我们在手机上要将该控件显示为300dp300dp大小,也只要直接设置 layout_width=”300dp” 即可,最终会将控件的宽高显示为300dp,而其中的圆点直径为 300dp(86/790) 通过百分比适配是为了始终保持控件的各部分大小比例,不会因为控件大小的改变而使其变形,该控件已做了百分比适配工作,直接设置想要的大小即可,如果设置为wrap_content,则显示默认的790px。

image image

onDraw()中的绘制相关代码不做过多解释,就是一些绘制圆形和线的方法,唯一需要注意的就是一个转移画布原点的思路,绘制哪一个点的时候,直接将画布中心点转移到该点的中心,这样绘制起这九个圆形的时候特别方便。

最关键点便是触摸点的控制,我们将九个点分别标识为9个对应区域号0,1,2,……,8,然后通过获得手指的触摸位置判断某个点是否被按住了,如果被按住了,将该点的编号加入到存储触摸点的List,最后当手指松开的时候,得到的List就是我们的绘制密码,以下是关键点额onTouchEvent()和计算手指点击区域的方法。

          @Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && list.size() > 0) {
        list.clear();
        isRightPath = true;
        isListEmpty = true;
        fingerPath.clear();
        isFingerUp = false;
    }

    int area = calculateArea(event.getX(), event.getY());
    if (area != -1) {   //如果当前手指按在了某个区域,则刷新控件开始画线
        if (!list.contains(area)) { //点的状态只刷新一次
            Log.i("event", "x:" + event.getX() + " " + "y:" + event.getY() + " " + "area:" + area);
            invalidateStatus(area);
        }
    }
    //移动过程中线的状态不断刷新
    touchX = event.getX();
    touchY = event.getY();
    lineView.invalidate();

    boolean isRight = true;

    if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
        ArrayList<Integer> gesturePathList = getGesturePath();//手指抬起时获取绘制的路径
        if (onDrawLockPathListener != null) {
            isRight = onDrawLockPathListener.onDrawPathFinish(gesturePathList);
        }
        if (isRight) {
            showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, true);
        } else {
            showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, false);
        }
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * 通过传入的手指相对控件左上角坐标,计算当前手指所在区域
 *
 * @param x x
 * @param y y
 * @return 区域标识
 */
private int calculateArea(float x, float y) {
    int area = -1;
    if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {   //进入了第一个点的区域
        area = 0;
    } else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
        area = 1;
    } else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
        area = 2;
    } else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
        area = 3;
    } else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
        area = 4;
    } else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
        area = 5;
    } else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
        area = 6;
    } else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
        area = 7;
    } else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
        area = 8;
    }
    return area;
}

还有一个要注意的地方是最后一个点与手指的连线,在初始化存储区域List的时候,直接加入一个点作为手指点击区域,以后每次手指按住一个点击区域的时候,直接加在这个点的前面,以方便最后一个点同手指之间的连线处理。

 /**
 * 根据手指区域刷新界面
 *
 * @param area 区域
 */
private void invalidateStatus(int area) {
    if (isListEmpty) {
        list.add(area);
        list.add(100);    //区域点始终多一个,表示手指所在区域,用来连线
        isListEmpty = false;
    } else {
        list.add(list.size() - 1, area);  //将新加入的手指按压点加在当前手指所在区域之前
    }
    pointView.invalidate();
}

以下是该控件的完整代码,写得比较仓促,没有对太多地方做出详细解释,改进和优化的地方肯定还有不少,如有疑问和建议请留言。

GitHub地址:https://github.com/shixiuwen/NineGridLock

完整代码:

NinePointLockView.class

  package com.shixia.ninegridlock.view;

  import android.content.Context;
  import android.graphics.Canvas;
  import android.graphics.Color;
  import android.graphics.Paint;
  import android.util.AttributeSet;
  import android.util.Log;
  import android.view.MotionEvent;
  import android.view.View;
  import android.view.ViewGroup;
  import android.widget.FrameLayout;
  import android.widget.RelativeLayout;

  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Timer;
  import java.util.TimerTask;

  /**
    * Created by AmosShi on 2016/11/11.
   * <p>
   * Description: 自定义控件,九宫格应用解锁,已做好屏幕适配,直接在布局文件中写想要的大小即可
   * 监听:setOnDrawLickPathListener(OnDrawLockPathListener onDrawLickPathListener)
   * 回调接口: OnDrawLockPathListener
   * <p>
   * Email:shixiuwen1991@yeah.net
   * <p>
   * 分析:需要绘画层级:
   * 1.点层
   * 2.线层
   */

public class NinePointLockView extends FrameLayout {

private Paint pointPaint;   //用于画点的paint
private Paint linePaint;    //用户画线的paint

private PointView pointView;
private LineView lineView;

private ArrayList<Integer> list;    //用于存储绘制的路径 {横向:0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
private ArrayList<Integer> fingerPath = new ArrayList<>();  //临时回调的时候使用

private boolean isListEmpty = true; //表示该区域是否已经连接上

private float touchX, touchY;

private int resultRule = 790; //onMeasure比例尺,用作绘制比例,790是初始值,最终会根据实际大小重新赋值

private float ratioScale = 0;   //在原比例尺上的缩放比例

private int measureWidth, measureHeight;

private Float[][] localPoint;   //绘制的连接线坐标点位置

private boolean isRightPath = true;
private static boolean isFingerUp = true;   //之后手指抬起的时候才主动使用timer清除路径

public NinePointLockView(Context context) {
//        super(context);
    this(context, null);
}

public NinePointLockView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
    super(context, attrs);
    list = new ArrayList<>();
 //        initScare();
    pointView = new PointView(context, attrs);
    lineView = new LineView(context, attrs);
    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
    addView(pointView, layoutParams);
    addView(lineView, layoutParams);
}

@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && list.size() > 0) {
        list.clear();
        isRightPath = true;
        isListEmpty = true;
        fingerPath.clear();
        isFingerUp = false;
    }

    int area = calculateArea(event.getX(), event.getY());
    if (area != -1) {   //如果当前手指按在了某个区域,则刷新控件开始画线
        if (!list.contains(area)) { //点的状态只刷新一次
            Log.i("event", "x:" + event.getX() + " " + "y:" + event.getY() + " " + "area:" + area);
            invalidateStatus(area);
        }
    }
    //移动过程中线的状态不断刷新
    touchX = event.getX();
    touchY = event.getY();
    lineView.invalidate();

    boolean isRight = true;

    if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
        ArrayList<Integer> gesturePathList = getGesturePath();//手指抬起时获取绘制的路径
        if (onDrawLockPathListener != null) {
            isRight = onDrawLockPathListener.onDrawPathFinish(gesturePathList);
        }
        if (isRight) {
            showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, true);
        } else {
            showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, false);
        }
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * 手指抬起后将路径显示一段指定的时长,如果路径不正确(表示不匹配),则将路径显示为红色错误状态
 *
 * @param duration 路径显示时长,ms
 * @param isRight  路径是否错误,如果路径错误,则显示为红色
 */
private void showPathAfterFingerUp(long duration, boolean isRight) {
    isRightPath = isRight;
    pointView.invalidate();
    lineView.invalidate();
    Timer timer = new Timer();
    TimerTask timerTask = new TimerTask() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (isFingerUp) {
                isRightPath = true;
                isListEmpty = true;
                list.clear();
                pointView.postInvalidate();
                lineView.postInvalidate();
            }
            isFingerUp = true;
        }
    };
    timer.schedule(timerTask, duration);
}

/**
 * 计算当前手指所在区域
 *
 * @param x x
 * @param y y
 * @return 区域标识
 */
private int calculateArea(float x, float y) {
    int area = -1;
    if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {   //进入了第一个点的区域
        area = 0;
    } else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
        area = 1;
    } else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
        area = 2;
    } else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
        area = 3;
    } else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
        area = 4;
    } else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
        area = 5;
    } else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
        area = 6;
    } else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
        area = 7;
    } else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
        area = 8;
    }
    return area;
}

/**
 * 根据手指区域刷新界面
 *
 * @param area 区域
 */
private void invalidateStatus(int area) {
    if (isListEmpty) {
        list.add(area);
        list.add(100);    //区域点始终多一个,表示手指所在区域,用来连线
        isListEmpty = false;
    } else {
        list.add(list.size() - 1, area);
    }
    pointView.invalidate();
}

/**
 * 九宫格中的点视图
 */
private class PointView extends View {

    public PointView(Context context) {
//            super(context);
        this(context, null);
    }

    public PointView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initPointPaint();
        post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                localPoint = new Float[][]{{130 * ratioScale, 130 * ratioScale}, {395 * ratioScale, 130 * ratioScale}, {660 * ratioScale, 130 * ratioScale},
                        {130 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale}, {395 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale}, {660 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale},
                        {130 * ratioScale, 660 * ratioScale}, {395 * ratioScale, 660 * ratioScale}, {660 * ratioScale, 660 * ratioScale}};
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 初始化画点的画笔
     */
    private void initPointPaint() {
        pointPaint = new Paint();
        pointPaint.setARGB(255, 166, 166, 166);
        pointPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        pointPaint.setDither(true);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        //将画布移到布局空间的中间,防止布局为长方形
        canvas.translate(Math.abs(resultRule - measureWidth) / 2, Math.abs(resultRule - measureHeight) / 2);

        //转移画布中心点到中心
        canvas.translate(395 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale);

        //画中间的那个点
        drawPoint(0, 0, canvas, 4);
        //画左上角的点
        drawPoint((int) (-264 * ratioScale), (int) (-264 * ratioScale), canvas, 0);
        //画右上角的点
        drawPoint((int) (264 * ratioScale), (int) (-264 * ratioScale), canvas, 2);
        //画左下角的点
        drawPoint((int) (-264 * ratioScale), (int) (264 * ratioScale), canvas, 6);
        //画右下角的点
        drawPoint((int) (264 * ratioScale), (int) (264 * ratioScale), canvas, 8);
        //画上边的点
        drawPoint(0, (int) (-264 * ratioScale), canvas, 1);
        //画下边的点
        drawPoint(0, (int) (264 * ratioScale), canvas, 7);
        //画左边的点
        drawPoint((int) (-264 * ratioScale), 0, canvas, 3);
        //画右边的点
        drawPoint((int) (264 * ratioScale), 0, canvas, 5);

    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
  //            super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        measureWidth = (int) getMeasureSize(widthMeasureSpec, true);
        measureHeight = (int) getMeasureSize(heightMeasureSpec, false);
        setMeasuredDimension(measureWidth, measureHeight);
        resultRule = Math.min(measureWidth, measureHeight); //防止布局为长方形,返回较小的变用作参考系
        ratioScale = resultRule / 790f;
    }

    private void drawPoint(int translateX, int translateY, Canvas canvas, int area) {
        canvas.save();
        canvas.translate(translateX, translateY);
        //已选中的点绘制为其他颜色(红色)
        if (list.contains(area)) {
            if (!isRightPath) {
                pointPaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 255, 0, 0));
            } else {
                pointPaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 75, 217, 191));
            }
  //                pointPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
            pointPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, 27 * ratioScale, pointPaint);
        }

        pointPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        pointPaint.setStrokeWidth(6 * ratioScale);
        canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, 86 * ratioScale, pointPaint);
        //恢复画笔颜色
        pointPaint.setARGB(255, 166, 166, 166);
        canvas.restore();
    }
}

/**
 * 九宫格中的线视图
 */
private class LineView extends View {

    public LineView(Context context) {
//            super(context);
        this(context, null);
    }

    public LineView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initLinePaint();
    }

    //初始化画线的笔
    private void initLinePaint() {
        linePaint = new Paint();
  //        linePaint.setARGB(255, 101, 188, 80);
        linePaint.setARGB(255, 75, 217, 191);
        linePaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        linePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        linePaint.setDither(true);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        //将画布移到布局空间的中间
        canvas.translate(Math.abs(resultRule - measureWidth) / 2, Math.abs(resultRule - measureHeight) / 2);

        linePaint.setStrokeWidth(8 * ratioScale);    //设置笔触宽度,不能在onDraw之前设置,否则resultRule为初始化值(可以在post中初始化)

        if (!isRightPath) {
            linePaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 255, 0, 0));
        }

        //从list中获取所需要连接的区域,最后一个区域和手指所在点相连接
        int size = list.size();
        //每一个area都对应一个坐标点
        if (size >= 3) {    //表示至少连接了两个点
            for (int i = 0; i < size - 2; i++) {
                Float[] from = localPoint[list.get(i)];   //拿到list中第i个区域对应的坐标
                Float[] to = localPoint[list.get(i + 1)];
                canvas.drawLine(from[0], from[1], to[0], to[1], linePaint);
            }
        }
        if (size >= 2) {
            if (!isRightPath) {
                return;
            }
            Float[] listPoint = localPoint[list.get(list.size() - 2)];    //拿到最后一个点连接坐标,从改点画到手指触点的连接
            canvas.drawLine(listPoint[0], listPoint[1], touchX, touchY, linePaint);
        }
        //恢复画笔默认颜色
        linePaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 75, 217, 191));
    }
}

/**
 * 获取录入的手势密码
 *
 * @return 手势密码对应区域的 list
 */
private ArrayList<Integer> getGesturePath() {
    if (list.size() <= 4) {
        return null;    //必须连接4个点密码才生效
    }
    fingerPath.clear();
    fingerPath.addAll(list);
    fingerPath.remove(fingerPath.size() - 1);     //去除最后一个滑动中的手指按压点
    return fingerPath;
}

private float getMeasureSize(int length, boolean isWidth) {
    int size = MeasureSpec.getSize(length); //获取尺寸
    int mode = MeasureSpec.getMode(length); //获取模式
    float resSize = 0;    //最终计算所得大小,被返回
    if (mode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {    //具体指定大小,比如30dp或者match_parent(fill_parent)
        resSize = size;
    } else { //未具体指定大小
        if (mode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {    //wrap_content
            if (isWidth) {      //因为为正方形,该控件中可以不进行判断
                resSize = 790;
            } else {
                resSize = 790;
            }
        }
    }
    return resSize;
}


/**
 * ################################# 绘制结束的回调接口 #####################################
 */

private OnDrawLockPathListener onDrawLockPathListener;

//设置绘制结束的监听
public void setOnDrawLickPathListener(OnDrawLockPathListener onDrawLickPathListener) {
    this.onDrawLockPathListener = onDrawLickPathListener;
}

public interface OnDrawLockPathListener {
    /**
     * 绘制路径结束后的回调函数,传入的参数可能为空,表示连接的点数小于4个
     *
     * @param pathList 路径值List :{ 横向:
     *                 0,1,2,
     *                 3,4,5,
     *                 6,7,8
     *                 }
     * @return 绘制的路径是否是正确路径,正确与否同本地记录的路径匹配,返回true将显示
     * 结果为绿色路径,表示匹配,返回false将显示红色路径,表示路径同本地的不匹配,如果是
     * 新录入路径,直接返回true即可
     */
    boolean onDrawPathFinish(List<Integer> pathList);
}
}

layout_main.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.shixia.ninegridlock.MainActivity">

<com.shixia.ninegridlock.view.NinePointLockView
    android:layout_width="300dp"
    android:layout_height="300dp"
    android:layout_centerInParent="true"
    android:id="@+id/nplv_lock_view"/>

</RelativeLayout>
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