(自定义view)案例1 Android九宫格解锁应用
实现思路:
1.绘制点层
2.绘制线层
3.处理触摸事件(相对来说的难点)
4.实现绘制结束时的回调
写在前面:
实现过程中我们先不做大小适配,将控件的大小写死,根据原型图,将控件大小设置为边长为790px的正方形,其中的圆点大小,涉及到的线的宽度等一系列长度信息均使用测量得到的长度(px)表示,最后再以百分比的形式做屏幕大小适配,比如,我的原型图宽度是790px,其中圆点直径大小为86px,那么如果我们在手机上要将该控件显示为300dp300dp大小,也只要直接设置 layout_width=”300dp” 即可,最终会将控件的宽高显示为300dp,而其中的圆点直径为 300dp(86/790) 通过百分比适配是为了始终保持控件的各部分大小比例,不会因为控件大小的改变而使其变形,该控件已做了百分比适配工作,直接设置想要的大小即可,如果设置为wrap_content,则显示默认的790px。
onDraw()中的绘制相关代码不做过多解释,就是一些绘制圆形和线的方法,唯一需要注意的就是一个转移画布原点的思路,绘制哪一个点的时候,直接将画布中心点转移到该点的中心,这样绘制起这九个圆形的时候特别方便。
最关键点便是触摸点的控制,我们将九个点分别标识为9个对应区域号0,1,2,……,8,然后通过获得手指的触摸位置判断某个点是否被按住了,如果被按住了,将该点的编号加入到存储触摸点的List,最后当手指松开的时候,得到的List就是我们的绘制密码,以下是关键点额onTouchEvent()和计算手指点击区域的方法。
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
// return super.onTouchEvent(event);
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && list.size() > 0) {
list.clear();
isRightPath = true;
isListEmpty = true;
fingerPath.clear();
isFingerUp = false;
}
int area = calculateArea(event.getX(), event.getY());
if (area != -1) { //如果当前手指按在了某个区域,则刷新控件开始画线
if (!list.contains(area)) { //点的状态只刷新一次
Log.i("event", "x:" + event.getX() + " " + "y:" + event.getY() + " " + "area:" + area);
invalidateStatus(area);
}
}
//移动过程中线的状态不断刷新
touchX = event.getX();
touchY = event.getY();
lineView.invalidate();
boolean isRight = true;
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
ArrayList<Integer> gesturePathList = getGesturePath();//手指抬起时获取绘制的路径
if (onDrawLockPathListener != null) {
isRight = onDrawLockPathListener.onDrawPathFinish(gesturePathList);
}
if (isRight) {
showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, true);
} else {
showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, false);
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 通过传入的手指相对控件左上角坐标,计算当前手指所在区域
*
* @param x x
* @param y y
* @return 区域标识
*/
private int calculateArea(float x, float y) {
int area = -1;
if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) { //进入了第一个点的区域
area = 0;
} else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
area = 1;
} else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
area = 2;
} else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
area = 3;
} else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
area = 4;
} else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
area = 5;
} else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
area = 6;
} else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
area = 7;
} else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
area = 8;
}
return area;
}
还有一个要注意的地方是最后一个点与手指的连线,在初始化存储区域List的时候,直接加入一个点作为手指点击区域,以后每次手指按住一个点击区域的时候,直接加在这个点的前面,以方便最后一个点同手指之间的连线处理。
/**
* 根据手指区域刷新界面
*
* @param area 区域
*/
private void invalidateStatus(int area) {
if (isListEmpty) {
list.add(area);
list.add(100); //区域点始终多一个,表示手指所在区域,用来连线
isListEmpty = false;
} else {
list.add(list.size() - 1, area); //将新加入的手指按压点加在当前手指所在区域之前
}
pointView.invalidate();
}
以下是该控件的完整代码,写得比较仓促,没有对太多地方做出详细解释,改进和优化的地方肯定还有不少,如有疑问和建议请留言。
完整代码:
NinePointLockView.class
package com.shixia.ninegridlock.view;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
/**
* Created by AmosShi on 2016/11/11.
* <p>
* Description: 自定义控件,九宫格应用解锁,已做好屏幕适配,直接在布局文件中写想要的大小即可
* 监听:setOnDrawLickPathListener(OnDrawLockPathListener onDrawLickPathListener)
* 回调接口: OnDrawLockPathListener
* <p>
* Email:shixiuwen1991@yeah.net
* <p>
* 分析:需要绘画层级:
* 1.点层
* 2.线层
*/
public class NinePointLockView extends FrameLayout {
private Paint pointPaint; //用于画点的paint
private Paint linePaint; //用户画线的paint
private PointView pointView;
private LineView lineView;
private ArrayList<Integer> list; //用于存储绘制的路径 {横向:0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
private ArrayList<Integer> fingerPath = new ArrayList<>(); //临时回调的时候使用
private boolean isListEmpty = true; //表示该区域是否已经连接上
private float touchX, touchY;
private int resultRule = 790; //onMeasure比例尺,用作绘制比例,790是初始值,最终会根据实际大小重新赋值
private float ratioScale = 0; //在原比例尺上的缩放比例
private int measureWidth, measureHeight;
private Float[][] localPoint; //绘制的连接线坐标点位置
private boolean isRightPath = true;
private static boolean isFingerUp = true; //之后手指抬起的时候才主动使用timer清除路径
public NinePointLockView(Context context) {
// super(context);
this(context, null);
}
public NinePointLockView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
list = new ArrayList<>();
// initScare();
pointView = new PointView(context, attrs);
lineView = new LineView(context, attrs);
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
addView(pointView, layoutParams);
addView(lineView, layoutParams);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
// return super.onTouchEvent(event);
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && list.size() > 0) {
list.clear();
isRightPath = true;
isListEmpty = true;
fingerPath.clear();
isFingerUp = false;
}
int area = calculateArea(event.getX(), event.getY());
if (area != -1) { //如果当前手指按在了某个区域,则刷新控件开始画线
if (!list.contains(area)) { //点的状态只刷新一次
Log.i("event", "x:" + event.getX() + " " + "y:" + event.getY() + " " + "area:" + area);
invalidateStatus(area);
}
}
//移动过程中线的状态不断刷新
touchX = event.getX();
touchY = event.getY();
lineView.invalidate();
boolean isRight = true;
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
ArrayList<Integer> gesturePathList = getGesturePath();//手指抬起时获取绘制的路径
if (onDrawLockPathListener != null) {
isRight = onDrawLockPathListener.onDrawPathFinish(gesturePathList);
}
if (isRight) {
showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, true);
} else {
showPathAfterFingerUp(1000, false);
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 手指抬起后将路径显示一段指定的时长,如果路径不正确(表示不匹配),则将路径显示为红色错误状态
*
* @param duration 路径显示时长,ms
* @param isRight 路径是否错误,如果路径错误,则显示为红色
*/
private void showPathAfterFingerUp(long duration, boolean isRight) {
isRightPath = isRight;
pointView.invalidate();
lineView.invalidate();
Timer timer = new Timer();
TimerTask timerTask = new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (isFingerUp) {
isRightPath = true;
isListEmpty = true;
list.clear();
pointView.postInvalidate();
lineView.postInvalidate();
}
isFingerUp = true;
}
};
timer.schedule(timerTask, duration);
}
/**
* 计算当前手指所在区域
*
* @param x x
* @param y y
* @return 区域标识
*/
private int calculateArea(float x, float y) {
int area = -1;
if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) { //进入了第一个点的区域
area = 0;
} else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
area = 1;
} else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 45 * ratioScale && y < 212 * ratioScale) {
area = 2;
} else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
area = 3;
} else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
area = 4;
} else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 308 * ratioScale && y < 474 * ratioScale) {
area = 5;
} else if (x > 45 * ratioScale && x < 212 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
area = 6;
} else if (x > 308 * ratioScale && x < 474 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
area = 7;
} else if (x > 566 * ratioScale && x < 738 * ratioScale && y > 566 * ratioScale && y < 738 * ratioScale) {
area = 8;
}
return area;
}
/**
* 根据手指区域刷新界面
*
* @param area 区域
*/
private void invalidateStatus(int area) {
if (isListEmpty) {
list.add(area);
list.add(100); //区域点始终多一个,表示手指所在区域,用来连线
isListEmpty = false;
} else {
list.add(list.size() - 1, area);
}
pointView.invalidate();
}
/**
* 九宫格中的点视图
*/
private class PointView extends View {
public PointView(Context context) {
// super(context);
this(context, null);
}
public PointView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
initPointPaint();
post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
localPoint = new Float[][]{{130 * ratioScale, 130 * ratioScale}, {395 * ratioScale, 130 * ratioScale}, {660 * ratioScale, 130 * ratioScale},
{130 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale}, {395 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale}, {660 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale},
{130 * ratioScale, 660 * ratioScale}, {395 * ratioScale, 660 * ratioScale}, {660 * ratioScale, 660 * ratioScale}};
}
});
}
/**
* 初始化画点的画笔
*/
private void initPointPaint() {
pointPaint = new Paint();
pointPaint.setARGB(255, 166, 166, 166);
pointPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
pointPaint.setDither(true);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
//将画布移到布局空间的中间,防止布局为长方形
canvas.translate(Math.abs(resultRule - measureWidth) / 2, Math.abs(resultRule - measureHeight) / 2);
//转移画布中心点到中心
canvas.translate(395 * ratioScale, 395 * ratioScale);
//画中间的那个点
drawPoint(0, 0, canvas, 4);
//画左上角的点
drawPoint((int) (-264 * ratioScale), (int) (-264 * ratioScale), canvas, 0);
//画右上角的点
drawPoint((int) (264 * ratioScale), (int) (-264 * ratioScale), canvas, 2);
//画左下角的点
drawPoint((int) (-264 * ratioScale), (int) (264 * ratioScale), canvas, 6);
//画右下角的点
drawPoint((int) (264 * ratioScale), (int) (264 * ratioScale), canvas, 8);
//画上边的点
drawPoint(0, (int) (-264 * ratioScale), canvas, 1);
//画下边的点
drawPoint(0, (int) (264 * ratioScale), canvas, 7);
//画左边的点
drawPoint((int) (-264 * ratioScale), 0, canvas, 3);
//画右边的点
drawPoint((int) (264 * ratioScale), 0, canvas, 5);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
measureWidth = (int) getMeasureSize(widthMeasureSpec, true);
measureHeight = (int) getMeasureSize(heightMeasureSpec, false);
setMeasuredDimension(measureWidth, measureHeight);
resultRule = Math.min(measureWidth, measureHeight); //防止布局为长方形,返回较小的变用作参考系
ratioScale = resultRule / 790f;
}
private void drawPoint(int translateX, int translateY, Canvas canvas, int area) {
canvas.save();
canvas.translate(translateX, translateY);
//已选中的点绘制为其他颜色(红色)
if (list.contains(area)) {
if (!isRightPath) {
pointPaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 255, 0, 0));
} else {
pointPaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 75, 217, 191));
}
// pointPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
pointPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, 27 * ratioScale, pointPaint);
}
pointPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
pointPaint.setStrokeWidth(6 * ratioScale);
canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, 86 * ratioScale, pointPaint);
//恢复画笔颜色
pointPaint.setARGB(255, 166, 166, 166);
canvas.restore();
}
}
/**
* 九宫格中的线视图
*/
private class LineView extends View {
public LineView(Context context) {
// super(context);
this(context, null);
}
public LineView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
initLinePaint();
}
//初始化画线的笔
private void initLinePaint() {
linePaint = new Paint();
// linePaint.setARGB(255, 101, 188, 80);
linePaint.setARGB(255, 75, 217, 191);
linePaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
linePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
linePaint.setDither(true);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
//将画布移到布局空间的中间
canvas.translate(Math.abs(resultRule - measureWidth) / 2, Math.abs(resultRule - measureHeight) / 2);
linePaint.setStrokeWidth(8 * ratioScale); //设置笔触宽度,不能在onDraw之前设置,否则resultRule为初始化值(可以在post中初始化)
if (!isRightPath) {
linePaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 255, 0, 0));
}
//从list中获取所需要连接的区域,最后一个区域和手指所在点相连接
int size = list.size();
//每一个area都对应一个坐标点
if (size >= 3) { //表示至少连接了两个点
for (int i = 0; i < size - 2; i++) {
Float[] from = localPoint[list.get(i)]; //拿到list中第i个区域对应的坐标
Float[] to = localPoint[list.get(i + 1)];
canvas.drawLine(from[0], from[1], to[0], to[1], linePaint);
}
}
if (size >= 2) {
if (!isRightPath) {
return;
}
Float[] listPoint = localPoint[list.get(list.size() - 2)]; //拿到最后一个点连接坐标,从改点画到手指触点的连接
canvas.drawLine(listPoint[0], listPoint[1], touchX, touchY, linePaint);
}
//恢复画笔默认颜色
linePaint.setColor(Color.argb(255, 75, 217, 191));
}
}
/**
* 获取录入的手势密码
*
* @return 手势密码对应区域的 list
*/
private ArrayList<Integer> getGesturePath() {
if (list.size() <= 4) {
return null; //必须连接4个点密码才生效
}
fingerPath.clear();
fingerPath.addAll(list);
fingerPath.remove(fingerPath.size() - 1); //去除最后一个滑动中的手指按压点
return fingerPath;
}
private float getMeasureSize(int length, boolean isWidth) {
int size = MeasureSpec.getSize(length); //获取尺寸
int mode = MeasureSpec.getMode(length); //获取模式
float resSize = 0; //最终计算所得大小,被返回
if (mode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) { //具体指定大小,比如30dp或者match_parent(fill_parent)
resSize = size;
} else { //未具体指定大小
if (mode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) { //wrap_content
if (isWidth) { //因为为正方形,该控件中可以不进行判断
resSize = 790;
} else {
resSize = 790;
}
}
}
return resSize;
}
/**
* ################################# 绘制结束的回调接口 #####################################
*/
private OnDrawLockPathListener onDrawLockPathListener;
//设置绘制结束的监听
public void setOnDrawLickPathListener(OnDrawLockPathListener onDrawLickPathListener) {
this.onDrawLockPathListener = onDrawLickPathListener;
}
public interface OnDrawLockPathListener {
/**
* 绘制路径结束后的回调函数,传入的参数可能为空,表示连接的点数小于4个
*
* @param pathList 路径值List :{ 横向:
* 0,1,2,
* 3,4,5,
* 6,7,8
* }
* @return 绘制的路径是否是正确路径,正确与否同本地记录的路径匹配,返回true将显示
* 结果为绿色路径,表示匹配,返回false将显示红色路径,表示路径同本地的不匹配,如果是
* 新录入路径,直接返回true即可
*/
boolean onDrawPathFinish(List<Integer> pathList);
}
}
layout_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.shixia.ninegridlock.MainActivity">
<com.shixia.ninegridlock.view.NinePointLockView
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="300dp"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:id="@+id/nplv_lock_view"/>
</RelativeLayout>