微信公众号加密Python3版
2019-11-21 本文已影响0人
Mrgz
个人用途（itchat不能用之后转公众号）
官网的Python示例版本是python2
改成python3版本,兼容中文
python3.8.0下可用
pip install pycryptodome==3.9.4
WXBizMsgCrypt.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
""" 对公众平台发送给公众账号的消息加解密示例代码.
@copyright: Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Tencent Inc.
"""
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
import base64
import string
import random
import hashlib
import time
import struct
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
import socket
from .import ierror
"""
关于Crypto.Cipher模块，ImportError: No module named 'Crypto'解决方案
请到官方网站 https://www.dlitz.net/software/pycrypto/ 下载pycrypto。
下载后，按照README中的“Installation”小节的提示进行pycrypto安装。
"""
class FormatException(Exception):
pass
def throw_exception(message, exception_class=FormatException):
"""my define raise exception function"""
raise exception_class(message)
class SHA1:
"""计算公众平台的消息签名接口"""
def getSHA1(self, token, timestamp, nonce, encrypt):
"""用SHA1算法生成安全签名
@param token: 票据
@param timestamp: 时间戳
@param encrypt: 密文
@param nonce: 随机字符串
@return: 安全签名
"""
try:
sortlist = [token, timestamp, nonce, encrypt]
sortlist.sort()
sha = hashlib.sha1()
sha.update(("".join(sortlist)).encode())
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_OK, sha.hexdigest()
except Exception as e:
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_ComputeSignature_Error, None
class XMLParse:
"""提供提取消息格式中的密文及生成回复消息格式的接口"""
# xml消息模板
AES_TEXT_RESPONSE_TEMPLATE = """<xml>
<Encrypt><![CDATA[%(msg_encrypt)s]]></Encrypt>
<MsgSignature><![CDATA[%(msg_signaturet)s]]></MsgSignature>
<TimeStamp>%(timestamp)s</TimeStamp>
<Nonce><![CDATA[%(nonce)s]]></Nonce>
</xml>"""
def extract(self, xmltext):
"""提取出xml数据包中的加密消息
@param xmltext: 待提取的xml字符串
@return: 提取出的加密消息字符串
"""
try:
xml_tree = ET.fromstring(xmltext)
encrypt = xml_tree.find("Encrypt")
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_OK, encrypt.text
except Exception as e:
print(e)
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_ParseXml_Error, None, None
def generate(self, encrypt, signature, timestamp, nonce):
"""生成xml消息
@param encrypt: 加密后的消息密文
@param signature: 安全签名
@param timestamp: 时间戳
@param nonce: 随机字符串
@return: 生成的xml字符串
"""
resp_dict = {
'msg_encrypt' : encrypt,
'msg_signaturet': signature,
'timestamp' : timestamp,
'nonce' : nonce,
}
resp_xml = self.AES_TEXT_RESPONSE_TEMPLATE % resp_dict
return resp_xml
class PKCS7Encoder():
"""提供基于PKCS7算法的加解密接口"""
block_size = 32
def encode(self, bytes):
""" 对需要加密的明文进行填充补位
@param text: 需要进行填充补位操作的明文
@return: 补齐明文字符串
"""
text_length = len(bytes)
# 计算需要填充的位数
amount_to_pad = self.block_size - (text_length % self.block_size)
if amount_to_pad == 0:
amount_to_pad = self.block_size
# 获得补位所用的字符
pad = chr(amount_to_pad).encode()
return bytes + pad * amount_to_pad
def decode(self, decrypted):
"""删除解密后明文的补位字符
@param decrypted: 解密后的明文
@return: 删除补位字符后的明文
"""
pad = ord(decrypted[-1])
if pad<1 or pad >32:
pad = 0
return decrypted[:-pad]
class Prpcrypt(object):
"""提供接收和推送给公众平台消息的加解密接口"""
def __init__(self,key):
#self.key = base64.b64decode(key+"=")
self.key = key
# 设置加解密模式为AES的CBC模式
self.mode = AES.MODE_CBC
def encrypt(self,text,appid):
"""对明文进行加密
@param text: 需要加密的明文
@return: 加密得到的字符串
"""
# 16位随机字符串添加到明文开头
bytes = self.get_random_str().encode() + struct.pack("I",socket.htonl(len(text.encode()))) + text.encode() + appid.encode()
# 使用自定义的填充方式对明文进行补位填充
pkcs7 = PKCS7Encoder()
bytes = pkcs7.encode(bytes)
cryptor = AES.new(self.key,self.mode,self.key[:16])
try:
ciphertext = cryptor.encrypt(bytes)
# 使用BASE64对加密后的字符串进行编码
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_OK, base64.b64encode(ciphertext).decode()
except Exception as e:
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_EncryptAES_Error, None
def decrypt(self,text,appid):
"""对解密后的明文进行补位删除
@param text: 密文
@return: 删除填充补位后的明文
"""
try:
cryptor = AES.new(self.key,self.mode,self.key[:16])
# 使用BASE64对密文进行解码，然后AES-CBC解密
plain_text = cryptor.decrypt(base64.b64decode(text)).decode()
except Exception as e:
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_DecryptAES_Error, None
try:
pad = ord(plain_text[-1])
# 去掉补位字符串
#pkcs7 = PKCS7Encoder()
#plain_text = pkcs7.encode(plain_text)
# 去除16位随机字符串
content = plain_text[16:-pad]
xml_len = socket.ntohl(struct.unpack("I",content.encode()[ : 4])[0])
xml_content = content.encode()[4 : xml_len+4].decode()
from_appid = content.encode()[xml_len+4:].decode()
except Exception as e:
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalBuffer, None
if from_appid != appid:
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateAppid_Error, None
return 0,xml_content
def get_random_str(self):
""" 随机生成16位字符串
@return: 16位字符串
"""
rule = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
str = random.sample(rule, 16)
return "".join(str)
class WXBizMsgCrypt(object):
#构造函数
#@param sToken: 公众平台上，开发者设置的Token
# @param sEncodingAESKey: 公众平台上，开发者设置的EncodingAESKey
# @param sAppId: 企业号的AppId
def __init__(self,sToken,sEncodingAESKey,sAppId):
try:
self.key = base64.b64decode((sEncodingAESKey+"="))
assert len(self.key) == 32
except:
throw_exception("[error]: EncodingAESKey unvalid !", FormatException)
self.token = sToken
self.appid = sAppId
def EncryptMsg(self, sReplyMsg, sNonce, timestamp = None):
#将公众号回复用户的消息加密打包
#@param sReplyMsg: 企业号待回复用户的消息，xml格式的字符串
#@param sTimeStamp: 时间戳，可以自己生成，也可以用URL参数的timestamp,如为None则自动用当前时间
#@param sNonce: 随机串，可以自己生成，也可以用URL参数的nonce
#sEncryptMsg: 加密后的可以直接回复用户的密文，包括msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, encrypt的xml格式的字符串,
#return：成功0，sEncryptMsg,失败返回对应的错误码None
pc = Prpcrypt(self.key)
ret,encrypt = pc.encrypt(sReplyMsg, self.appid)
if ret != 0:
return ret,None
if timestamp is None:
timestamp = str(int(time.time()))
# 生成安全签名
sha1 = SHA1()
ret,signature = sha1.getSHA1(self.token, timestamp, sNonce, encrypt)
if ret != 0:
return ret,None
xmlParse = XMLParse()
return ret,xmlParse.generate(encrypt, signature, timestamp, sNonce)
def DecryptMsg(self, sPostData, sMsgSignature, sTimeStamp, sNonce):
# 检验消息的真实性，并且获取解密后的明文
# @param sMsgSignature: 签名串，对应URL参数的msg_signature
# @param sTimeStamp: 时间戳，对应URL参数的timestamp
# @param sNonce: 随机串，对应URL参数的nonce
# @param sPostData: 密文，对应POST请求的数据
# xml_content: 解密后的原文，当return返回0时有效
# @return: 成功0，失败返回对应的错误码
# 验证安全签名
xmlParse = XMLParse()
ret,encrypt = xmlParse.extract(sPostData)
if ret != 0:
return ret, None
sha1 = SHA1()
ret,signature = sha1.getSHA1(self.token, sTimeStamp, sNonce, encrypt)
if ret != 0:
return ret, None
if not signature == sMsgSignature:
return ierror.WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateSignature_Error, None
pc = Prpcrypt(self.key)
ret,xml_content = pc.decrypt(encrypt,self.appid)
return ret,xml_content
ierrror.py不变
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#########################################################################
# Author: jonyqin
# Created Time: Thu 11 Sep 2014 01:53:58 PM CST
# File Name: ierror.py
# Description:定义错误码含义
#########################################################################
WXBizMsgCrypt_OK = 0
WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateSignature_Error = -40001
WXBizMsgCrypt_ParseXml_Error = -40002
WXBizMsgCrypt_ComputeSignature_Error = -40003
WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalAesKey = -40004
WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateAppid_Error = -40005
WXBizMsgCrypt_EncryptAES_Error = -40006
WXBizMsgCrypt_DecryptAES_Error = -40007
WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalBuffer = -40008
WXBizMsgCrypt_EncodeBase64_Error = -40009
WXBizMsgCrypt_DecodeBase64_Error = -40010
WXBizMsgCrypt_GenReturnXml_Error = -40011
顺便贴一下服务器验证的脚本，兼容模式下可用
pip install tornado==6.0.3
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import tornado.web
import tornado.httpserver
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.options
def check_signature(token,timestamp,nonce,signature):
import hashlib
list = [token, timestamp, nonce]
list.sort()
temp = ''.join(list)
sha1 = hashlib.sha1(temp.encode())
hashcode = sha1.hexdigest()
return hashcode ==signature
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self):
signature = self.get_argument("signature")
timestamp = self.get_argument("timestamp")
nonce = self.get_argument("nonce")
echostr = self.get_argument("echostr")
token = "xxxxxx"
if check_signature(token,timestamp,nonce,signature):
self.write(echostr.encode())
self.finish()
else:
self.finish()
def post(self):
content = self.request.body.decode()
print(content)
self.finish()
urls = [
(r'/.*',MainHandler)
]
app = tornado.web.Application(handlers=urls)
http_server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(app)
http_server.listen(8089)
tornado.options.parse_command_line()
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()
把post部分改下，即可回复文本
def post(self):
from libs.wx.WXBizMsgCrypt import WXBizMsgCrypt
encodingAESKey = "xxxx"
token="xxxx"
appid = "xxxx"
signature = self.get_argument("signature")
timestamp = self.get_argument("timestamp")
nonce = self.get_argument("nonce")
if check_signature(token,timestamp,nonce,signature):
pass
msg_sign = self.get_argument("msg_signature")
content = self.request.body.decode()
wx_crypt = WXBizMsgCrypt(token, encodingAESKey, appid)
ret, decryp_xml = wx_crypt.DecryptMsg(content, msg_sign, timestamp, nonce)
import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
xml_tree = ET.fromstring(decryp_xml)
to_user = xml_tree.find("ToUserName").text
from_user = xml_tree.find("FromUserName").text
msg_type = xml_tree.find("MsgType").text
text = xml_tree.find("Content").text
to_xml = """<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[{to_user}]]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><![CDATA[{from_user}]]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>{create_time}</CreateTime>
<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>
<Content><![CDATA[{text}]]></Content>
</xml>"""
import time
to_xml = to_xml.format(**{"to_user":from_user,"from_user":to_user,"create_time":time.time(),"text":"你好，"+text})
ret, encrypt_xml = wx_crypt.EncryptMsg(to_xml, nonce)
self.write(encrypt_xml.encode())
self.finish()
