iOS贝塞尔曲线画哆啦A梦
2017-07-06 本文已影响1499人
若锦
贝塞尔曲线画的哆啦A梦
看到这张图，是不是觉得挺萌的，那是如何实现的呢？在iOS中有一个类叫UIBezierPath（贝塞尔曲线），这两天研究了一下UIBezierPath和CAShapeLayer，根据别人分享的教程，画了这个萌萌的哆啦A梦。
UIBezierPath： UIBezierPath是在 UIKit 中的一个类，继承于NSObject,可以创建基于矢量的路径.此类是Core Graphics框架关于path的一个OC封装。使用此类可以定义常见的圆形、多边形等形状 。我们使用直线、弧（arc）来创建复杂的曲线形状。每一个直线段或者曲线段的结束的地方是下一个的开始的地方。每一个连接的直线或者曲线段的集合成为subpath。一个UIBezierPath对象定义一个完整的路径包括一个或者多个subpaths。
CAShapeLayer： 继承于CALayer。 每个CAShapeLayer对象都代表着将要被渲染到屏幕上的一个任意的形状(shape)。具体的形状由其path(类型为CGPathRef)属性指定。 普通的CALayer是矩形，所以需要frame属性。CAShapeLayer它本身没有形状，它的形状来源于其属性path 。CAShapeLayer有不同于CALayer的属性，它从CALayer继承而来的属性在绘制时是不起作用的。
基本用法：
画圆弧： + (instancetype)bezierPathWithArcCenter:(CGPoint)center radius:(CGFloat)radius startAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle endAngle:(CGFloat)endAngle clockwise:(BOOL)clockwise;
center表示圆心
radius表示半径
startAngle表示开始角度
endAngle表示结束角度
clockwise表示是否是顺时针方向
画二元曲线和三元曲线，一般和moveToPoint配合使用。
二元曲线：- (void)addQuadCurveToPoint:(CGPoint)endPoint controlPoint:(CGPoint)controlPoint
三元曲线：- (void)addCurveToPoint:(CGPoint)endPoint controlPoint1:(CGPoint)controlPoint1 controlPoint2:(CGPoint)controlPoint2
其中 endPoint表示:曲线的终点 ；controlPoint表示:画曲线的基准点
知道基本画法后我们就可以画哆啦A梦了。
1、先画头部。先画一个圆。
// 确定头部所在的圆心
CGFloat headCornerRadius=80;
CGFloat arcCenterX=self.view.frame.size.width/2;
CGFloat arcCenterY= 120+headCornerRadius;
//画头部
CAShapeLayer *headLayer=[[CAShapeLayer alloc] init];
UIBezierPath *headPath=[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2-headCornerRadius, 120, headCornerRadius*2, headCornerRadius*2) cornerRadius:headCornerRadius];
[self setLayer:headLayer path:headPath];
2、画脸部。画一个比头部小点的圆，与头部圆的底部内切。
//脸
CAShapeLayer *faceLayer=[CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *facePath=[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2, 120+headCornerRadius+10) radius:70 startAngle:M_PI endAngle:3*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:faceLayer path:facePath];
3、画眼部
//左眼
CAShapeLayer *leftEyeLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *leftEyePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[leftEyePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-25)];
[leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY-45) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-45)];
[leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-45)];
[leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY-5) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-5)];
[leftEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY-5)];
[self setLayer:leftEyeLayer path:leftEyePath];
//左眼珠
CAShapeLayer *leftEyeballLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *leftEyeballPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-5, arcCenterY-30) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:leftEyeballLayer path:leftEyeballPath ];
//右眼
CAShapeLayer *rightEyeLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *rightEyePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[rightEyePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-25)];
[rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY-45) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-45)];
[rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY-45)];
[rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY-5) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY-5)];
[rightEyePath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY-5)];
[self setLayer:rightEyeLayer path:rightEyePath ];
//右眼珠
CAShapeLayer *rightEyeballLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *rightEyeballPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+5, arcCenterY-30) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:rightEyeballLayer path:rightEyeballPath];
4、画鼻子、嘴巴、胡须
//鼻子
CAShapeLayer *noseLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *nosePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY) radius:10 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:noseLayer path:nosePath ];
//鼻子光晕
CAShapeLayer *noseHaloLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *noseHaloPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-4, arcCenterY-5) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:noseHaloLayer path:noseHaloPath ];
//嘴巴
CAShapeLayer *mouthLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *mouthPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[mouthPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-60, arcCenterY+25)];
[mouthPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+60, arcCenterY+25) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+90)];
[self setLayer:mouthLayer path:mouthPath];
CAShapeLayer *mouthLayer1 = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *mouthPath1 = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[mouthPath1 moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+10)];
[mouthPath1 addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+55)];
[self setLayer:mouthLayer1 path:mouthPath1];
//胡须
[self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-58, arcCenterY-5) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY+10) ];
[self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-68, arcCenterY+15) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY+20) ];
[self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-61, arcCenterY+45) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-15, arcCenterY+30) ];
[self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+58, arcCenterY-5) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+10) ];
[self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+68, arcCenterY+15) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+20) ];
[self addBeardFromPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+61, arcCenterY+45) toPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+30) ];
5、画左手部分
//左手
CAShapeLayer *leftHandLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *leftHandPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-95, arcCenterY+110) radius:20 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:leftHandLayer path:leftHandPath ];
//左胳膊
CGFloat distanceXToArcCenter = 80*cos(M_PI_2*4/9);
CGFloat distanceYToArcCenter = 80*sin(M_PI_2*4/9);
CAShapeLayer *leftArmLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *leftArmPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[leftArmPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter)];
[leftArmPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-95, arcCenterY+90)];
[leftArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-75, arcCenterY+110) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-92, arcCenterY+107)];
[leftArmPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+1.5, arcCenterY+95)];
[self setLayer:leftArmLayer path:leftArmPath ];
6、画身体部分
//围巾
CAShapeLayer *mufflerLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *mufflerPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[mufflerPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter)];
[mufflerPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+109)];
[mufflerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter+2, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+7)];
[mufflerPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter-4, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+5) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+115)];
[mufflerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter)];
[self setLayer:mufflerLayer path:mufflerPath ];
//身体
CAShapeLayer *bodyLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *bodyPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[bodyPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+7)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+5, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+2, arcCenterY+140)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+3, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+160)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-8, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(distanceXToArcCenter+5)/2, arcCenterY+175)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+8, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+155)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-3, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(distanceXToArcCenter+5)/2, arcCenterY+175)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-5, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-2, arcCenterY+160)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+8) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-2, arcCenterY+140)];
[bodyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+7) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+115)];
[self setLayer:bodyLayer path:bodyPath ];
//左脚
CAShapeLayer *leftFootLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *leftFootPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[leftFootPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+3, arcCenterY+170)];
[leftFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter+3, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-distanceXToArcCenter-20, arcCenterY+185)];
[leftFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-13, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(distanceXToArcCenter+10)/2, arcCenterY+200)];
[leftFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-10, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+8, arcCenterY+187)];
[self setLayer:leftFootLayer path:leftFootPath ];
//右脚
CAShapeLayer *rightFootLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *rightFootPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[rightFootPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+10, arcCenterY+170)];
[rightFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+15, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-12, arcCenterY+185)];
[rightFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-5, arcCenterY+195) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(distanceXToArcCenter+20)/2, arcCenterY+200)];
[rightFootPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter-3, arcCenterY+170) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter+18, arcCenterY+185)];
[self setLayer:rightFootLayer path:rightFootPath];
//肚子
CAShapeLayer *bellyLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *bellyPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[bellyPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY+80)];
[bellyPath addCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint1:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-65, arcCenterY+95) controlPoint2:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-60, arcCenterY+140)];
[bellyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY+150) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+160)];
[bellyPath addCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+30, arcCenterY+80) controlPoint1:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+60, arcCenterY+140) controlPoint2:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+65, arcCenterY+95)];
[bellyPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-30, arcCenterY+80) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+92)];
[self setLayer:bellyLayer path:bellyPath ];
//铃铛
CAShapeLayer *bellLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *bellPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+97) radius:15 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:bellLayer path:bellPath ];
//铃铛上的线
CAShapeLayer *bellLineLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *BellLinePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[BellLinePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(5.0, 2))), arcCenterY+92)];
[BellLinePath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(5.0, 2))), arcCenterY+92)];
[BellLinePath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(2.0, 2))), arcCenterY+95)];
[BellLinePath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-(sqrt(pow(15.0, 2)-pow(2.0, 2))), arcCenterY+95)];
[self setLayer:bellLineLayer path:BellLinePath ];
//铃铛上的小圆点
CAShapeLayer *bellCirLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *bellCirPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+102) radius:2.5 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[bellCirPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+104.5)];
[bellCirPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+112)];
[self setLayer:bellCirLayer path:bellCirPath ];
//口袋
CAShapeLayer *bagLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *bagPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[bagPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-40, arcCenterY+112)];
[bagPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+40, arcCenterY+112) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX, arcCenterY+120)];
[bagPath addCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-40, arcCenterY+112) controlPoint1:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+28, arcCenterY+160) controlPoint2:CGPointMake(arcCenterX-28, arcCenterY+160)];
[self setLayer:bagLayer path:bagPath ];
7、画右手部分
//右手
CAShapeLayer *rightHandLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *rightHandPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+85*cos(27/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-85*sin(27/180.0*M_PI)) radius:20 startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:YES];
[self setLayer:rightHandLayer path:rightHandPath ];
//右胳膊
CAShapeLayer *rightArmLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
UIBezierPath *rightArmPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
[rightArmPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-80*sin(13/180.0*M_PI))];
[rightArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI)+9, arcCenterY+20)];
[rightArmPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+distanceXToArcCenter, arcCenterY+distanceYToArcCenter+25)];
[rightArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+93*cos(15/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-93*sin(15/180.0*M_PI)) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+90*cos(13/180.0*M_PI)+15, arcCenterY+25)];
[rightArmPath addQuadCurveToPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI), arcCenterY-80*sin(13/180.0*M_PI)) controlPoint:CGPointMake(arcCenterX+80*cos(13/180.0*M_PI)+5, arcCenterY-93*sin(15/180.0*M_PI)+5)];
[self setLayer:rightArmLayer path:rightArmPath];
UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2+90, 120, 70, 30)];
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
label.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1];
label.text = @"Hello";
label.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Chalkduster" size:20];
[self.view addSubview:label];
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
animation.fromValue = @(0);
animation.toValue = @(1);
animation.duration = 0.5f;
[label.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil];
8、给各个部位上颜色
//上色
faceLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
leftEyeLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
rightEyeLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
leftEyeBallLayer.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
rightEyeBallLayer.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
noseLayer.fillColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
noseHaloLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
headLayer.fillColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
leftArmLayer.fillColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
leftHandLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
mufflerLayer.fillColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
bellyLayer.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
bellLayer.fillColor = [UIColor yellowColor].CGColor;
bodyLayer.fillColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1].CGColor;
rightHandLayer .fillColor=[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor ;
rightArmLayer .fillColor=[UIColor colorWithRed:21/255.0 green:159/255.0 blue:237/255.0 alpha:1] .CGColor;
这样，一个简单的哆啦A梦就实现了。
文中只展示了重要部分的代码，如果有需要，可以看完整的demo，同时demo里面也展示了UIBezierPath和CAShapeLayer基本的画图方法。
demo地址
若锦-文章健身房-拆书小分队
