TI--安卓运行时权限完美封装

零、前言：

[1]两行代码解决运行时权限
[2]用户拒绝后显示提示信息，有再次验证功能
[3]验证成功回调

一个权限效果：

一个权限效果.gif

六个权限演示：

六个权限演示.gif

一、代码实现

1.单一权限申请

public class MainActivity extends PermissionActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //单权限申请
        applyPermissions(_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE());
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void permissionOk() {
        ToastUtil.showAtOnce(MainActivity.this, "授权通过");
    }
}

2.多权限：常用的六组运行时权限

applyPermissions(
_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE(), _READ_CONTACTS(),
_CALL_PHONE(), _CAMERA(), _READ_SMS(), _RECORD_AUDIO());

本文由张风捷特烈原创,转载请注明
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---

附录一：权限封装类，拷贝即用

/**
 * 作者：张风捷特烈
 * 时间：2018/5/16 14:55
 * 邮箱：1981462002@qq.com
 * 说明：申请权限的Activity父类
 * <p>
 * 用法：1：继承 PermissionActivity
 * 2：调用applyPermissions
 * 3：permissionOk()回调
 */
public abstract class PermissionActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final int WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 0x01;
    private static final int RECORD_AUDIO = 0x02;
    private static final int CAMERA = 0x03;
    private static final int READ_CONTACTS = 0x04;
    private static final int CALL_PHONE = 0x05;
    private static final int READ_SMS = 0x06;
    private PermissionBean mStorageModel, mRecorderModel, mCameraModel, mContactsModel, mCallPhoneModel, mSMSModel;
    private PermissionBean[] mModels;
    private int count = 0;
    protected boolean noPerm = true;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    }

    /**
     * 申请权限
     */
    private void applyPermission(PermissionBean model) {

        noPerm = PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, model.permission);
        if (noPerm) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{model.permission}, model.requestCode);
            count++;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 申请权限
     */
    public void applyPermissions(PermissionBean... models) {
        mModels = models;
        System.out.println(count);
        applyPermission(models[count]);
        if (!noPerm) {
            permissionOk();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 申请SD卡读写权限
     */
    public PermissionBean _WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE() {
        mStorageModel = new PermissionBean(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                "我们需要您允许我们读写你的存储卡，以方便使用该功能!", WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        return mStorageModel;
    }

    /**
     * 申请读取通讯录权限
     */
    public PermissionBean _READ_CONTACTS() {
        mContactsModel = new PermissionBean(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
                "我们需要您允许我们读取通讯录，以方便功能使用!", READ_CONTACTS);
        return mContactsModel;
    }

    /**
     * 申请读取通讯录权限
     */
    public PermissionBean _READ_SMS() {
        mSMSModel = new PermissionBean(Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
                "我们需要您允许我们读取短信，以方便功能使用!", READ_SMS);
        return mSMSModel;
    }

    /**
     * 申请录音权限
     */
    public PermissionBean _RECORD_AUDIO() {
        mRecorderModel = new PermissionBean(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                "我们需要您允许我们访问录音设备，以方便录音功能使用!", RECORD_AUDIO);
        return mRecorderModel;
    }

    /**
     * 申请拍照权限
     */
    public PermissionBean _CAMERA() {
        mCameraModel = new PermissionBean(Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
                "我们需要您允许我们访问相机，以方便拍照功能使用!", CAMERA);
        return mCameraModel;
    }

    /**
     * 申请电话权限
     */
    public PermissionBean _CALL_PHONE() {
        mCallPhoneModel = new PermissionBean(Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE,
                "我们需要您允许我们访问电话设备，以方便功能使用!", CALL_PHONE);
        return mCallPhoneModel;
    }

    /**
     * 当用户处理完授权操作时，系统会自动回调该方法
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {

        if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            if (count != mModels.length) {
                applyPermission(mModels[count]);
            } else {
                permissionOk();
                count=0;//count归零
            }
        } else {
            count--;
        }


        switch (requestCode) {
            case WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE:
                showInfoDialog(permissions, grantResults[0], mStorageModel);
                break;
            case RECORD_AUDIO:
                showInfoDialog(permissions, grantResults[0], mRecorderModel);
                break;
            case CAMERA:
                showInfoDialog(permissions, grantResults[0], mCameraModel);
                break;
            case READ_CONTACTS:
                showInfoDialog(permissions, grantResults[0], mContactsModel);
                break;
            case CALL_PHONE:
                showInfoDialog(permissions, grantResults[0], mCallPhoneModel);
                break;
            case READ_SMS:
                showInfoDialog(permissions, grantResults[0], mSMSModel);
                break;
        }

    }

    /**
     * 如果拒绝，弹出对话框，说明为什么需要这个权限
     *
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResult
     * @param model
     */
    private void showInfoDialog(String[] permissions, int grantResult, final PermissionBean model) {
        if (PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != grantResult) {
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permissions[0])) {
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("权限申请")
                        .setMessage(model.explain).setPositiveButton(
                                "我知道了",
                                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                        applyPermission(model);
                                    }
                                }
                        );
                builder.setCancelable(false);
                builder.show();
            }
        }
        return;
    }

    /**
     * Permission的bean对象
     */
    public static class PermissionBean {

        public String permission;//请求的权限
        public String explain;//解析为什么请求这个权限
        public int requestCode;//请求代码

        public PermissionBean(String permission, String explain, int requestCode) {
            this.permission = permission;
            this.explain = explain;
            this.requestCode = requestCode;
        }

    }

    protected abstract void permissionOk();
}

附录二：危险权限：需要运行时

group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS 通讯录方面 
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS 写入通讯录 
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS 访问通讯录权限 
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS 读取通讯录

group:android.permission-group.PHONE 电话方面 
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG 看电话记录 
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE 读取手机状态 
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE 打电话 
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG 编写调用日志 
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP 使用SIP 
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS 过程输出调用 permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL 添加语音信箱

group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR 日历 
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR 读取日历 
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR 写入日历 

group:android.permission-group.CAMERA 照相机 
permission:android.permission.CAMERA

group:android.permission-group.SENSORS 传感器 
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS 体传感器

group:android.permission-group.LOCATION 位置 
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 获取好位置 
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION 

获取粗定位group:android.permission-group.STORAGE 存储 
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 读取外部存储器
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 写外部存储器

group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE 扩音器；麦克风 
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO 录音

group:android.permission-group.SMS 信息 
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS 读取信息 
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH 收到WAP推送 
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS 接收彩信 
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS 收信息 
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS 发信息 

运行时权限组中的一个获取权限，其他就不需要运行时权限，但AndroidManifest.xml仍要配置