linux入门--cat，head，less命令的使用练习
2021-01-23 本文已影响0人
Seurat_Satija
查看文件是生信技能树[生信爆款入门课程]linux部分Day12的讲到的一个重要知识点。为加深理解，现在对几个常用函数做下练习巩固。
练习题
image.png
1.
$ cd
Last10 11:59:22 ~
$ cat >catFile
[image.png](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i19009296/b73d585c77c1db8a.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
^C
Last10 12:00:20 ~
$ cat catFile
[image.png](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i19009296/b73d585c77c1db8a.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
Last10 12:00:41 ~
2.
$ cd
Last10 12:02:05 ~
$ ls
1 file readme.txt wenjianjia1
catFile Music test1 wenjianjia{1:5}
Data mydir test2
Data.tar.gz mydircd wenjian3
Last10 12:02:08 ~
$ cd Data/
Last10 12:02:15 ~/Data
$ LS
The program 'LS' is currently not installed. To run 'LS' please ask your administrator to install the package 'sl'
Last10 12:02:18 ~/Data
$ ls
Data.tar.gz
example.fa
example.fq
example.gtf
Homo_sapiens.GRCh38.102.chromosome.Y.gff3.gz
readme.txt
Last10 12:02:22 ~/Data
$ head example.fq
@ERR329499.1 HWUSI-EAS697:8:115:13414:19955#ACAGTG/1
AAAAAATTGGTGTTATAAGACTTCTGGACCCTGAAGATGTCGATGTCTCCTCACCTGATGAAAAATCAGT
+
HIIIIIIHIIHIHIIIGEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHEHIGIIHHHIIIHIGIIIIIIGGIEHIDEIHBEBEFB
@ERR329499.2 HWUSI-EAS697:8:116:12001:8002#ACAGTG/1
CATGTTGTCACTTTTTCCATGAGCCACGTAGTACAGAGAACGCGGCACTCCATAAGGACCATTTGTCCTG
+
GGEECDGGE@GGGGGGGGBGEDBGGHHGHGEBGDDDB@DGHDHFBGBDBDD@D2DCECEB@>?C@BECEC
@ERR329499.3 HWUSI-EAS697:8:109:15856:9893#ACAGTG/1
GCCAGATCCATTTTCAGTGGTCTGGATTTCTTTTTATTTTCTTTTCAACTTGAAAGAAACTGGACATTAG
Last10 12:02:39 ~/Data
$ head -n example.fq
head: invalid number of lines: ‘example.fq’
Last10 12:02:54 ~/Data
$ tail example.fq
+
GHHHHHDHHHGBGGD;D==;CEC?BA*?A==@?==DEEGEC<8A##########################
@ERR329499.999 HWUSI-EAS697:8:105:13870:5157#ACAGTG/1
CTTCGGTGTGTCCTTCAAAGATTTACACAACATTGTCCTAAAGGGAAGTCACAGCAGCTTAGCTGTTTCT
+
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHHIII
@ERR329499.1000 HWUSI-EAS697:8:113:1532:14172#ACAGTG/1
CAGATTACTTTTAACTNCATGGGTTAAATTCCTGTGGGAGTCTTACAGGCAGTGTTTGGACCTTCTTAGA
+
IHIIIIIIIIIIIIID#DBEBBC?BHIGIIIIHIIHHHHIGIIIIGIHGHIIDDGFFFCDGIGIFGHDFG
Last10 12:03:17 ~/Data
3.
$ less -N example.gtf
1 chr1 ENSEMBL UTR 1737 2090 . 1 + . gene_id "ENSG00000223972"; trans 1 cript_id "ENST00000456328"; gene_type "protein_c 1 oding"; gene_status "KNOWN"; gene_name "RP11-34P 1 13.1"; transcript_type "protein_coding"; transcr 1 ipt_status "KNOWN"; transcript_name "RP11-34P13. 1 1-201"; level 3; havana_gene "OTTHUMG00000000961 1 ";
2 chr1 ENSEMBL exon 1737 2090 . 2 + . gene_id "ENSG00000223972"; trans 2 cript_id "ENST00000456328"; gene_type "protein_c 2 oding"; gene_status "KNOWN"; gene_name "RP11-34P 2 13.1"; transcript_type "protein_coding"; transcr 2 ipt_status "KNOWN"; transcript_name "RP11-34P13. 2 1-201"; level 3; havana_gene "OTTHUMG00000000961 2 ";
3 chr1 ENSEMBL transcript 1737 4275 example.gtf
$ less -S example.gtf
chr1 ENSEMBL UTR 1737 2090 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL exon 1737 2090 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL transcript 1737 4275 .
chr1 HAVANA gene 1737 4275 . +
chr1 HAVANA exon 1873 1920 . +
chr1 HAVANA transcript 1873 3533 .
chr1 HAVANA exon 2042 2090 . +
chr1 HAVANA exon 2476 2560 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL UTR 2476 2584 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL exon 2476 2584 . +
chr1 HAVANA exon 2838 2915 . +
chr1 HAVANA exon 3084 3237 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL UTR 3084 4021 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL exon 3084 4275 . +
chr1 HAVANA exon 3316 3533 . +
chr1 ENSEMBL start_codon 4022 4024 .
chr1 ENSEMBL CDS 4022 4249 . +
