ScrollView嵌套ListView显示不全的解决

在之前的开发中(没有recyclerview的时候)有时候会碰到ScrollView和ListView的嵌套使用，这个时候就会出现ListView只能显示一个条目，当时直接在网上找了解决方法，做法是自定义一个ListView重写它的onMeasure方法，也没有去研究为什么会这样，最近在看到一位大牛的资料的时候，其中就讲到为什么会出现这样的现象，所以就记录在这里。
ScrollView和ListView都是系统帮我们已经实现了的控件，都是继承自ViewGroup，那么他们在测量的时候都会调用onMeasure方法，下面是
ListView的onMeasure源码:

@Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        // Sets up mListPadding
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        final int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

        int childWidth = 0;
        int childHeight = 0;
        int childState = 0;

        mItemCount = mAdapter == null ? 0 : mAdapter.getCount();
        if (mItemCount > 0 && (widthMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED
                || heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED)) {
            final View child = obtainView(0, mIsScrap);

            // Lay out child directly against the parent measure spec so that
            // we can obtain exected minimum width and height.
            measureScrapChild(child, 0, widthMeasureSpec, heightSize);

            childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth();
            childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
            childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());

            if (recycleOnMeasure() && mRecycler.shouldRecycleViewType(
                    ((LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams()).viewType)) {
                mRecycler.addScrapView(child, 0);
            }
        }

        if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            widthSize = mListPadding.left + mListPadding.right + childWidth +
                    getVerticalScrollbarWidth();
        } else {
            widthSize |= (childState & MEASURED_STATE_MASK);
        }

        if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            heightSize = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom + childHeight +
                    getVerticalFadingEdgeLength() * 2;
        }

        if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            // TODO: after first layout we should maybe start at the first visible position, not 0
            heightSize = measureHeightOfChildren(widthMeasureSpec, 0, NO_POSITION, heightSize, -1);
        }

        setMeasuredDimension(widthSize, heightSize);

        mWidthMeasureSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
    }

一开始我们就看到会调用MeasureSpec.getMode方法去获取父布局的宽高的模式，在这里的会有三种模式：

MeasureSpec.AT_MOST  相当于wrap_content
MeasureSpec.EXACTLY  相当于在布局中指定了值 或者match_parent 或者fill_parent
MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED  尽可能的大

前两种在开发中使用的比较多，后面那一种的话就使用的比较少，而对于ScrollView来说，它的模式就是MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED，所以ListView在获取宽高模式的时候获取到的就是MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED，而在ListView的onMeasure源码中对宽高模式做了判断：

       if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            heightSize = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom + childHeight +
                    getVerticalFadingEdgeLength() * 2;
        }

        if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            // TODO: after first layout we should maybe start at the first visible position, not 0
            heightSize = measureHeightOfChildren(widthMeasureSpec, 0, NO_POSITION, heightSize, -1);
        }

如果获取到的宽高模式是MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED的时候，ListView的高度就是：

heightSize = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom + childHeight +
                    getVerticalFadingEdgeLength() * 2;

所以就要重写ListView的onMeasure方法，改变宽高模式；

public class MyListView extends ListView{

    public MyListView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    public MyListView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public MyListView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        //解决显示不全的问题
        heightMeasureSpec=MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(Integer.MAX_VALUE>>2,MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }
}

在这里将宽高模式改为MeasureSpec.AT_MOST这样就会走源码中的这里去测量计算所有条目的高度：

if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            // TODO: after first layout we should maybe start at the first visible position, not 0
            heightSize = measureHeightOfChildren(widthMeasureSpec, 0, NO_POSITION, heightSize, -1);
        }

在重写的时候我们还传入了一个Integer.MAX_VALUE>>2(Integer的最大值右移两位)，在ListView的measureHeightOfChildren方法中对最大高度做了判断；
measureHeightOfChildren()方法源码:

final int measureHeightOfChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int startPosition, int endPosition,
            int maxHeight, int disallowPartialChildPosition) {
        final ListAdapter adapter = mAdapter;
        if (adapter == null) {
            return mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom;
        }

        // Include the padding of the list
        int returnedHeight = mListPadding.top + mListPadding.bottom;
        final int dividerHeight = mDividerHeight;
        // The previous height value that was less than maxHeight and contained
        // no partial children
        int prevHeightWithoutPartialChild = 0;
        int i;
        View child;

        // mItemCount - 1 since endPosition parameter is inclusive
        endPosition = (endPosition == NO_POSITION) ? adapter.getCount() - 1 : endPosition;
        final AbsListView.RecycleBin recycleBin = mRecycler;
        final boolean recyle = recycleOnMeasure();
        final boolean[] isScrap = mIsScrap;

        for (i = startPosition; i <= endPosition; ++i) {
            child = obtainView(i, isScrap);

            measureScrapChild(child, i, widthMeasureSpec, maxHeight);

            if (i > 0) {
                // Count the divider for all but one child
                returnedHeight += dividerHeight;
            }

            // Recycle the view before we possibly return from the method
            if (recyle && recycleBin.shouldRecycleViewType(
                    ((LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams()).viewType)) {
                recycleBin.addScrapView(child, -1);
            }

            returnedHeight += child.getMeasuredHeight();

            if (returnedHeight >= maxHeight) {
                // We went over, figure out which height to return.  If returnedHeight > maxHeight,
                // then the i'th position did not fit completely.
                return (disallowPartialChildPosition >= 0) // Disallowing is enabled (> -1)
                            && (i > disallowPartialChildPosition) // We've past the min pos
                            && (prevHeightWithoutPartialChild > 0) // We have a prev height
                            && (returnedHeight != maxHeight) // i'th child did not fit completely
                        ? prevHeightWithoutPartialChild
                        : maxHeight;
            }

            if ((disallowPartialChildPosition >= 0) && (i >= disallowPartialChildPosition)) {
                prevHeightWithoutPartialChild = returnedHeight;
            }
        }

        // At this point, we went through the range of children, and they each
        // completely fit, so return the returnedHeight
        return returnedHeight;
    }

            if (returnedHeight >= maxHeight) {
                // We went over, figure out which height to return.  If returnedHeight > maxHeight,
                // then the i'th position did not fit completely.
                return (disallowPartialChildPosition >= 0) // Disallowing is enabled (> -1)
                            && (i > disallowPartialChildPosition) // We've past the min pos
                            && (prevHeightWithoutPartialChild > 0) // We have a prev height
                            && (returnedHeight != maxHeight) // i'th child did not fit completely
                        ? prevHeightWithoutPartialChild
                        : maxHeight;
            }

这样子的话就解决了ScrollView嵌套ListView显示不全的问题，如上面有写的不对的地方，欢迎交流。