Swift - 模式
2022-04-25 本文已影响0人
aven_kang
通配符模式
_ 匹配任何值
_? 匹配非nil值
enum Lift {
case human(name:String,age:Int?)
case animal(name:String,age:Int?)
}
func check(_ life:Lift) {
switch life {
case .human(let name, _):
print(name)
case .animal(let name, _?):
print(name)
default:
print("hahahah")
}
}
这里需要注意case .animal(let name, _?),这里意思是,必须是animal这个case,然后age是不能为空的,即使我不使用到它
func check(_ life:Lift) {
switch life {
case .human(let name, _):
print(name)
case .animal(let name, _?):
print(name)
default:
print("other")
}
}
check(.human(name: "Rose", age: 20))
check(.human(name: "Jack", age: nil))
check(.animal(name: "Dog", age: 5))
check(.animal(name: "Cat", age: nil))
Rose
Jack
Dog
other
可以看出打印,最后一个是other,因为最后一个的age是nil,所以不符合
case .animal(let name, _?):
上一行代码中,可以看出,_?是非空
示例
var num:Int? = 10
num = nil
switch num {
case let v?:
print(v)
case nil:
print("nil")
}
在这里,程序是走到了print("nil")这里,因为num后面别赋值为nil,所以是走不到let v?这里的,如果num不为空,按照程序,是走到打印print(v)这里的
值绑定模式
let Point = (3,2)
switch Point {
case let (x,y):
print("The point is at (\(x),\(y))")
}
元组模式
let points = [(0,0),(1,0),(2.0)]
for (x,_) in points {
print(x)
}
let name:String? = "Jack"
let age = 18
let info:Any = [1,2]
switch (name,age,info) {
case (_?,_,_as String):
print("case")
default:
print("default")
}
var scores = ["jack":98,"rose":100,"kate":86]
for (name,score) in scores {
print(name,score)
}
枚举Case模式
if case语句等价于只有1个case的switch语句
let age = 2
if age >= 0 && age <= 9 {
print("[0,9]")
}
从上面的代码可以看出,是一个简单的判断语句,0到9之间的判断
我们还可以这么写
if case 0...9 = age {
print("[0,9]")
}
上面这段代码的写法,实际上等价于下面的代码
switch age {
case 0...9:
print("[0,9]")
default:
print("other")
}
同理,guard也是可以这么用的
guard case 0...9 = age else { return }
print("[0,9]")
for case nil in aegs {
print("有nil值")
break
}
let points = [(1,0),(2,2),(3,0)]
for case let (x,0) in points {
print(x)
} // 1,3
可选模式
截屏2022-03-05 下午1.53.39.png类型转换模式
截屏2022-03-05 下午2.02.38.png表达式模式
let point = (1,2)
switch point {
case (0,0):
print("(0,0) is at the origin")
case (-2...2,-2...2):
print("(\(point.0),\(point.1) is near the origin")
default:
print("other")
}
自定义表达式模式
struct Student {
var score:Int = 0, name = ""
static func ~= (pattern:Int,value:Student) -> Bool {
value.score >= pattern
}
static func ~= (pattern:Range<Int>,value:Student) -> Bool {
pattern.contains(value.score)
}
static func ~= (pattern:ClosedRange<Int>,value:Student) -> Bool {
pattern.contains(value.score)
}
}
var stu = Student(score: 10, name: "jack")
switch stu {
case 100:
print(">=100")
case 90:
print(">=90")
case 80..<90:
print("[80,90]")
case 60...79:
print("[60,79]")
case 0:
print(">=0")
default:break
}
if case 60 = stu. // 这么写也是可以的