(19)Django Rest framwork-优化三(vie
2019-10-30 本文已影响0人
足__迹
# vieset类不在支持get,post,put,delete等方法,而只支持请求action动作
#但是vieset未提供get_serializer,filter_queryset,get_object()
#所以继承了GenericViewSet
class projectViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet):
# 指定查询集合(所有的查询数据)
queryset = Projects.objects.all()
# 指定序列化器
serializer_class = ProjectModelSerializer
# 在视图类中指定过滤引擎(可以指定多个过滤器) OrderingFilter排序过滤器 DjangoFilterBackend(筛选)
filter_backends = [filters.OrderingFilter, DjangoFilterBackend]
# 对特定字段进行排序,指定排序的字段
ordering_fields = ['name', 'leader']
# 对特定的筛选字段
filterset_fields = ['name', 'leader']
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
page = self.paginate_queryset(queryset)
if page is not None:
serializer = self.get_serializer(page, many=True)
return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)
serializer = self.get_serializer(queryset, many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)
def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
instance = self.get_object()
serializer = self.get_serializer(instance)
return Response(serializer.data)
def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
partial = kwargs.pop('partial', False)
instance = self.get_object()
serializer = self.get_serializer(instance, data=request.data, partial=partial)
serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data)
def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
instance = self.get_object()
instance.delete()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
设置路径映射
path('projectset/', views.projectViewset.as_view({
'get': 'list',
'post': 'create',
})),
path('projectset/<int:pk>/', views.projectViewset.as_view({
'get': 'retrieve',
'put': 'update',
'delete': 'destroy',
}))
当前优化第一步已经实现了根据活动判断操作,但是需要手动编辑操作还是麻烦,我们引入mixins,
但是我们的操作复杂,继承的方法多,django提供了ModelViewSet
image.png
第一步优化后:
class projectViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
# 指定查询集合(所有的查询数据)
queryset = Projects.objects.all()
# 指定序列化器
serializer_class = ProjectModelSerializer
# 在视图类中指定过滤引擎(可以指定多个过滤器) OrderingFilter排序过滤器 DjangoFilterBackend(筛选)
filter_backends = [filters.OrderingFilter, DjangoFilterBackend]
# 对特定字段进行排序,指定排序的字段
ordering_fields = ['name', 'leader']
# 对特定的筛选字段
filterset_fields = ['name', 'leader']
- 自定义动作
1,使用action装饰器类来声名自定义动作
2,默认情况下,实例方法名就是动作名
3,methods 参数用于指定支持的请求方式,默认get
4, detail 参数用于指定该动作是否为详情对象(url是否传递PK值)
@action(methods=['get'], detail=False)
def names(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 方法一 返回项目名列表
# queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
# serializer = self.get_serializer(queryset, many=True)
# list = []
#
# for i in serializer.data:
# list.append(i['name'])
# return Response(list)
#
# 方法二 使用校验器
queryset = self.get_queryset()
#使用自定义的序列化器实现
serializer = ProjectNameSerializer(instance=queryset,many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)
#获取项目下的接口
@action(detail=False)
def interface(self,request, *args,**kwargs):
instance = self.get_object()
serializer = InterfaceByIDSerializer(instance=instance)
return Response(serializer.data)
设置url
path('projectset/names/',views.projectViewset.as_view({
'get': 'names',
}),name = 'project_name'),
path('projectset/<int:pk>/interface/', views.projectViewset.as_view({
'get': 'interface',
}), name='project_interface'),
- 路由优化
#创建路由对象
router = routers.SimpleRouter()
#注册路由
#第一个参数prefix为路由前缀,一般添加应用名
#第二个参数为viewset视图集,不要添加.as_view()
router.register('project',views.projectViewset)
urlpatterns += router.urls