注：都是基于黑白像素而言，无论是彩色图像还是二值化图像。膨胀是趋于白色的区域膨胀；腐蚀是基于白色区域腐蚀

image.png image.png image.png

腐蚀

def erode_funciton(image): #腐蚀
    print(image.shape)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv.THRESH_OTSU)
    cv.imshow("binary",binary)

    '''
        cv.getStructuringElement：结构元素（shape有许多种图形，按需使用）
            shape = cv.MORPH_RECT：矩形
            shape =cv.MORPH_ELLIPSE：圆形
            ksize = (3,3)：结构元素大小
    '''
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(3,3))
    dst = cv.erode(binary,kernel)
    cv.imshow("erode_demo",dst)

腐蚀大小=(3,3) 腐蚀大小=(5,5)

膨胀

def dilate_funciton(image): #膨胀
    print(image.shape)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv.THRESH_OTSU)
    cv.imshow("binary",binary)

    '''
        cv.getStructuringElement：结构元素
            shape = cv.MORPH_RECT：矩形
            ksize = (3,3)：结构元素大小
    '''
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT,(5,5))
    dst = cv.dilate(binary,kernel)
    cv.imshow("erode_demo",dst)

image.png