第五单元：陈述句III
have/has
英语中有一个特殊而常用的动词：have 它在英语中能扮演多重角色。 本节课学习其最基本的作为do动词的用法。
一
自然推理
根据下列句子，推理出have/has的词义及用法。
1. I have an iPhone.
2. You have nice lips.
3. He has big eyes.
4. She has a white dog.
5. It has four arms.
6. They have a beautiful house.
7. We have a good teacher.
隐藏答案
1. have /hæv/和has /hæz/均为“有”、“拥有”的意思。
2. have
在单三形式下变为has
不可数
二
自然推理
研读下方例句，判断哪些词为不可数名词以及哪些词可以用来修饰不可数名词。
1. He has a lot of money.
2. I have too much homework.
3. We have only a few books.
4. We have only a little water.
5. She wants some oranges and sugar.
生词:
1. a lot of = lots of 许多的
2. money /’mʌni/
钱
3. too /tu:/
太
4. much /mʌtʃ/
许多的
5. only /’ɔnli/
仅仅
6. a few /fju:/
一些
7. a little /litl/
一些
8. want /wɔnt/
想要
9. orange /’ɔrindʒ/
橘子
10. sugar /’ʃugə/
糖
结论：
隐藏答案
不可数：
money
集合了纸币、硬币、电子货币等在内的集体概念
homework
包括各类练习题在内的集体概念 同理work也不可数
sugar
为小颗粒状，故不可数
可修饰不可数名词的形容词：
1. a lot of / lots of
皆可
2. much
不可数 many 可数
3. a few
可数 a little 不可数
4. some
皆可
副词
一
自然推理
找出下列句子中所有的adv.，并指出其修饰哪个部分：
1. He is so strong!
2. He goes quickly.
3. It needs water badly.
4. She sings happily.
5. They speak very clearly.
生词：
quick /kwik/ 快的
clear /kliə/
清晰的
隐藏答案
英文中很多adj.词尾加上-ly后就可以变为adv.
quick → quickly
bad → badly
happy → happily
以-y结尾的adj.是去y加-ily
clear → clearly
二
知识点
一些副词并非以-ly结尾，且习惯上并非所有副词都能用来同时修饰动词、形容词和其它副词。
1.
不修饰动词的副词
very
so
如此 （音标课里的so是“所以”之意）
too
2. 仅修饰动词的副词
very much
so much
a lot
now
3. 动词、形容词、副词皆可修饰的副词
really
only
比如：
1. Thank you very much/ so much.或者Thanks a lot. 不说Very thank you.
2. I really like it!
不说I very like it.
3. He speaks very clearly.
不说He speaks clearly very much.
三
思考
能否说：
He is strongly.
He is quickly.
答案是不行！
adv.
修饰v.时，意思是“如何如何地”。而am/is/are的意思是“是”。“如何如何地是”完全不通。 因此我们只能说：
He is strong.
He is quick.
He goes quickly.
四
例外情况
示例：
He studies English very hard.
He runs really fast.
句中hard和fast均为adv.
hard/fast
同时可作adj和adv.
未来课堂我们会积累到更多这类“多词性”的单词。 生词：
hard /ha:d/ 艰苦的；努力地
fast /fa:st/
快的；快地
实践
根据提示词，口头说出完整句子。
1. she, speak, only, few/little, English
2. he, have, so, many/much, orange
3. I, see, 6, people, clear
4. Mr. Charles /tʃa:lz/, sing, song, sad
5. father, work, real, hard
隐藏答案
1. She speaks only a little English.
2. He has so many oranges.
3. I see six people clearly.
4. Mr. Charles sings songs sadly.
5. Father works really hard.
