修辞目的题
一 修辞目的题大家比较熟悉的是第一种对具体信息目的的提问,出题形式通常是以下几种:
the author discuss x in order to?
why does the author mention x?
the author uses x as an example of ...?
在这种形式下,一般都是作者举了个例子,题目问作者为什么要举这个例子,举例子一般都是为了能够说明这个观点,那么这道题就是在问具体例子与观点之间的联系。
例题:why does the author mention the views of Patrick kirch?
ans:to indicate the supposed proof for heverdahl's theory has an alternative explanation.
二 第二种修辞目的题的形式就是对段落目的的提问,出题形式。
what is the purpose of paragraph x?
这种情况就是问段落的主要目的是什么,其实是在问段落的主旨是什么。(注意首句末句)
对于这种类型的修辞目的题,我们做题的时候就要了解段落的主要内容,看看这一段的大意在讲什么,然后对照选项。选项中有可能会提到一些文中的细节,但并不是这一段的主要内容,所以我们要注意。下面是一道针对段落目的提问的例题:
in paragraph 1 and 2, the author‘s primary purpose is to
ans:describe how petroleum is formed
tips:常见段落组织结构
1问题解决型(to solve this problem.../there are two answers)
suggesting an answer to a theoretical question
discussing a problem with two possible solutions
2现象解释型(there are two explanations...)
a phenomenon is described and an interpretation presented and rejected
discussing a possible explanation for...
3新老观点对比型(now/ today/currently/recently/however)
showing that a certain interpretation is better supported by the evidence
recommending a different approach
describe an alternative hypothesis
tips: 若考查某段落的写作目的(purpose),读这一段的ts
若考查某段与其他段落的关系(relationship/larger discussion),先找到这个段落的ts,然后再根据题目要求看其前后段落的首句或尾句。
tips:让步转折:while(句首),although, though, even (though/if), despite, in spite of, but, yet, nevertheless, whereas
注意:补全转折的语气,注意虽然(although等)与但是(but等)后面跟的内容别颠倒
tips:否定no, not, refuse to, cease, miss, unlikely, little, too...to, rather...than, more...than,一切表示没有,拒绝,停止等否定概念的词汇。
句句逻辑关系:
1论点论据逻辑关系(1,例证/支持-逻辑/功能关键词)(2驳斥/反对-逻辑/功能关键词)
2原因结果逻辑关系:细节题经典技巧
句段逻辑关系:考查段落结构/主旨-结构式阅读法经典技巧
段段逻辑关系:考查2个段落结构/主旨-注意段落衔接-上段末和下段首末