Android中网络传输不同内容
2017-09-26 本文已影响0人
被代码淹没的小伙子
最近在实现向服务器发送数据，遇到一个小问题，Android中发送不同的数据内容的实现方式也不相同。下面解决了传递三种不同信息的三种方式。
1.传输键-值对（key-value）
2.传输自定义对象（Object）
3.传输自定义对象集合（List< Object >）
一、网络传输键值对（key-value）
Android中传递键值对我使用的方式是利用NameValuePair进行传输。这个应该比较基础，是比较传统的Android中网络传输的方式。
要点：将你要传输的键值对利用NameValuePair封装成List集合进行传输。
Android端：
/**
* 初始化发送的信息
* @return
*/
private List<NameValuePair> initMessage() {
List<NameValuePair> message = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
message.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name","张三"));
message.add(new BasicNameValuePair("passwd", "112233"));
return message;
}
/**
* 网络传递键值对
* @param content
* @param url
* @return
*/
private static String HttpSentList(List<NameValuePair> content,String url){
String result = null;
HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost(url);
try {
HttpEntity httpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(content,"utf-8");
httpRequest.setEntity(httpEntity);
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);
int i = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
return result;
}else{
//tv.setText("request error");
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
服务器端直接通过request对象拿对应key值的value对象即可。
服务器端：
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//常规传参---键值对
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String passwd = request.getParameter("passwd");
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out
.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">");
out.println("<HTML>");
out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");
out.println(" <BODY>");
out.print(" This is ");
out.print("姓名："+name+"密码"+passwd);
out.println(", using the GET method");
out.println(" </BODY>");
out.println("</HTML>");
out.flush();
out.close();
System.out.print("姓名："+name+"密码"+passwd);
}
2.传输自定义对象（Object）
当网络中需要向服务器传输的是一个自定义对象，这时就不能用NameValuePair实现，需要用到java中学到的一个知识，使用序列化对象使用输入输出流进行传输序列化对象。
要点：
1.将自定义对象序列化
2.Android端和客户端需要都有这个序列化对象，且类名和包名要相同
Android端：
/*
初始化类对象信息
*/
private Object initObjectMessage(){
Book book = new Book();
book.setName("疯狂Android讲义");
book.setAuthor("李刚");
return book;
}
/**
* 网络传输对象流
* @param obj
* @param urlpos
* @return
*/
private static String HttpSentObject(Object obj,String urlpos){
String line = "";
URL url = null;
ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
try {
url = new URL(urlpos);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setConnectTimeout(10000);
connection.setReadTimeout(10000);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
oos = new ObjectOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
oos.writeObject(obj);
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(read);
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
Log.d("TAG", "line is " + line);
}
br.close();
connection.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
}
return line;
}
服务器端：
要点：
1.要有和Android端类名和包名相同的自定义对象。
2.利用输入输出流进行读写。
//对象流-----序列化对象
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
ois = new ObjectInputStream(request.getInputStream());
Book book = (Book) ois.readObject();
System.out.println("书名是： " + book.getName());
System.out.println("作者是： " + book.getAuthor());
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("success");
out.flush();
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
ois.close();
}
}
3.传输自定义对象集合。（List< Object >）
当要传输自定义对象的集合时，利用的网络传输方式和二相同，因为
oos.writeObject(obj);这个obj可以为List对象。但需要注意的一点是这其中我们使用的是ArrayList而不知List，至于List和ArrayList的区别自己到网上搜。
Android端：
private ArrayList<Object> initListObjMessage(){
ArrayList<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
Book book1 = new Book();
book1.setName("疯狂Android讲义");
book1.setAuthor("李刚");
Book book2= new Book();
book2.setName("深入理解Android");
book2.setAuthor("某某");
list.add(book1);
list.add(book2);
return list;
}
private static String HttpSentListObj(ArrayList<Object> obj, String urlpos){
String line = "";
URL url = null;
ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
try {
url = new URL(urlpos);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setConnectTimeout(10000);
connection.setReadTimeout(10000);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
oos = new ObjectOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
oos.writeObject(obj);
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(read);
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
Log.d("TAG", "line is " + line);
}
br.close();
connection.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
}
return line;
}
服务器端：
和二基本相同
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//对象集合
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
ois = new ObjectInputStream(request.getInputStream());
List<Book> list = (List<Book>) ois.readObject();
System.out.println("书名是： " + list.get(0).getName());
System.out.println("作者是： " + list.get(0).getAuthor());
System.out.println("书名是： " + list.get(1).getName());
System.out.println("作者是： " + list.get(1).getAuthor());
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("success");
out.flush();
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
ois.close();
}
}
基本就这些了，算是一种总结吧。
