【文献解读】Cell Host&Microbe |The
背景：
1. pattern recognition receptor (PRR)
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs)
EFR ：immune receptor，recognizes bacterialEF-Tu and activates immune signaling
PAMPs ：pathogen-associatedmolecular patterns
FLS2 and EFR receptor kinases detect a highly conserved N-terminal22-amino-acid region of bacterial flagellin (flg22) and 18-amino acid region ofbacterial translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu)(elf18), respectively.
BAK1：brassinosteroid-insensitive1 (BRI1)-associated kinase 1
BIK1：Arabidopsis Botrytis-inducedkinase 1
结果：
日积月累：
1. Plants employ cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) todetect pathogens.
2. Jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) are
mostly involved in resistance against necrotrophic pathogens, while salicylic
acid (SA) is involved in providing resistance against biotrophic and hemibiotrophic
pathogens. SA, JA, and ET levels are increased uponflg22 perception and play positive roles in PTI.
3. To circumvent this, we purified thecytoplasmic domain of EFR (EFR_CD) using a eukaryoticinsect cell expression system.
4.Ser (S) and Thr (T) residues with Ala (A),which lacks phosphorylatablehydroxyl group;
5.Mutation to Asp(D) can mimic the negative charge of phos[1]phorylatedSer/Thr and has a potential to act like a gain-of-function mutation exhibitingthe constitutively phosphorylated state.（研究磷酸化常用的点突变位点）
6.Seedling growth inhibition in the presence of elf18 peptide ligand is acommonly used assay for screening mutants with dysfunctional EFR signaling.
7.ET precursor: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)
8.JA synthesis is initiated in chloroplasts from polyun[1]saturatedfatty acids and completed in peroxisomes.( Ja的合成在来自多聚饱和脂肪酸的叶绿体中开始并在过氧化物酶体中完成。)
9.The major regulation of JA pathway occurs in the nucleus through ZIMdomain containing JAZ and WRKY TFs.
10.Protein interaction and phosphorylation can have both positive and negative effects on downstreamregulation.
Cytoplasmic adj.细胞质的
Phytohormone n. [植] 植物激素（等于plant hormone）
Circumvent [,sɝkəm'vɛnt] v.包围；智取；绕行，规避
