Day101|苏格拉底:社会思想在此找到代表或其起源
上句见:Day100
The Story of Philosophy的第101句:第1章Plato第2节II. Socrates第2段第4句:
They were a motley crowd, these youths who flocked about him and helped him to create European philosophy. There were rich young men like Plato and Alcibiades, who relished his satirical analysis of Athenian democracy; there were socialists like Antisthenes, who liked the master’s careless poverty, and made a religion of it; there was even an anarchist or two among them, like Aristippus, who aspired to a world in which there would be neither master nor slaves, and all would be as worrilessly free as Socrates. All the problems that agitate human society to-day, and provide the material of youth’s endless debate, agitated as well that little band of thinkers and talkers, who felt, with their teacher, that life without discourse would be unworthy of a man. Every school of social thought had there its representative, and perhaps its origin.
浙江大学译本:社会思想的各个流派都能在这里得到体现,或者寻到根源。
解析
这句话讲的是高度肯定了苏格拉底的影响力,回应第一句。苏格拉底是欧洲思想的起源,各个学派都能找个代表甚至能找到根源。
1、Every school of social thought had there its representative,
代表:社会思想的每个流派都在那里找到代表。
2、and perhaps its origin.
根源:可能思想就起源于此。
每一个社会思想流派在那里都有其代表人物,也许就是其起源。
整段分析
这段主要讲了苏格拉底及其学生一起创建了欧洲哲学。学生是三教九流,讨论话题是困扰人类社会并能提供年轻无休止争辩的问题。
苏格拉底第2段
他们是形形色色的年轻群体,聚集在他周围,并帮忙创立了欧洲哲学。在苏格拉底的追随者中,有像柏拉图和阿尔西比亚德斯这样富有的年轻人,他们欣赏苏格拉底对雅典民主的讽刺分析;也有像安提斯泰尼这样的社会主义者,他们喜欢苏格拉底那种不在乎物质财富的态度,并将其视为一种信仰;甚至还有介于前两者之间的一两个无政府主义者,像阿里斯提普斯这样,渴望一个没有主奴之分、所有人都能像苏格拉底那样无忧无虑自由的世界。当今搅动人类社会并为年轻人提供了无休止辩论的素材的所有问题,同样也搅动着那一小群思考者和谈论者,他们和他们的老师都觉得,没有经过论辩的生活不值得过。每一个社会思想流派在那里都有其代表人物,也许就是其起源。