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拦截器

2018-05-29  本文已影响11人  常威爆打来福

一 拦截器

定义拦截器,实现HandlerInterceptor接口

package com.Interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author:Yang
 * @date:2018/5/29
 */
public class Interceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    /**
     *进入Handler方法之前执行
     * 用于身份认证,身份授权
     * 比如身份认证,如果认证未通过表示当前用户没有登录,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
        /**
         * return false 表示拦截,不再向下执行
         * return true 表示放行
         */
        return false;
    }

    /**
     *进入Handler方法之后,返回ModelAndView之前执行
     * 应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据在这里传到视图,也可以统一的指定视图
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    /**
     *执行Handler之后执行
     * 统一异常处理,统一日志处理
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {

    }
}

二 springMVC 拦截器配置

1 针对HandlerMapping配置(不推荐使用)

springmvc拦截器针对HandlerMapping进行拦截设置,如果在某个HandlerMapping中配置拦截,经过该HandlerMapping映射成功的handler最终使用该拦截器。

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping">
        <property name="interceptors">
            <list>
                <ref bean="handlerInterceptor1"/>
                <ref bean="handlerInterceptor2"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="handlerInterceptor1" class="com.Interceptor.Interceptor1"/>
    <bean id="handlerInterceptor2" class="com.Interceptor.Interceptor2"/>

2 类似全局的拦截器

springmvc配置类似全局的拦截器,springmvc框架将配置的类似全局的拦截器注入到每个HandlerMapping中。

    <!--拦截器 -->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <!--多个拦截器,顺序执行 -->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!-- /**表示所有url包括子url路径 -->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.Interceptor.Interceptor1"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.Interceptor.Interceptor2"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

三 多拦截器测试

1 拦截器定义

package com.Interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author:Yang
 * @date:2018/5/29
 */
public class Interceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    /**
     *进入Handler方法之前执行
     * 用于身份认证,身份授权
     * 比如身份认证,如果认证未通过表示当前用户没有登录,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
        /**
         * return false 表示拦截,不再向下执行
         * return true 表示放行
         */
        System.out.println("拦截器1.........preHandle");
        return false;
    }

    /**
     *进入Handler方法之后,返回ModelAndView之前执行
     * 应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据在这里传到视图,也可以统一的指定视图
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截器1.........postHandle");
    }

    /**
     *执行Handler之后执行
     * 统一异常处理,统一日志处理
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截器1.........afterCompletion");
    }
}
package com.Interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author:Yang
 * @date:2018/5/29
 */
public class Interceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    /**
     *进入Handler方法之前执行
     * 用于身份认证,身份授权
     * 比如身份认证,如果认证未通过表示当前用户没有登录,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
        /**
         * return false 表示拦截,不再向下执行
         * return true 表示放行
         */
        System.out.println("拦截器2.........preHandle");
        return false;
    }

    /**
     *进入Handler方法之后,返回ModelAndView之前执行
     * 应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据在这里传到视图,也可以统一的指定视图
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截器2.........postHandle");
    }

    /**
     *执行Handler之后执行
     * 统一异常处理,统一日志处理
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截器2.........afterCompletion");
    }
}

2 两个拦截器的preHandle都返回true

.......................省略..............
拦截器1.........preHandle
拦截器2.........preHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - incremented pending_acquires: 1
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - incremented pending_acquires: 2
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - incremented pending_acquires: 3
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - incremented pending_acquires: 4
.......................省略..............
拦截器2.........postHandle
拦截器1.........postHandle
.......................省略..............
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Added model object 'items' of type [java.util.ArrayList] to request in view with name 'index'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Forwarding to resource [/index.jsp] in InternalResourceView 'index'
拦截器2.........afterCompletion
拦截器1.........afterCompletion
.......................省略..............

小结:preHandle按照顺序执行,postHandle、afterCompletion按照逆向顺序执行

3 拦截器一放行,拦截器二不放行

DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'environment'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'environment'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - DispatcherServlet with name 'springmvc_result' processing GET request for [/items/queryItems]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Looking up handler method for path /items/queryItems
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Returning handler method [public java.lang.String com.controller.ItemsController.queryItems(org.springframework.ui.Model,com.entity.ItemsQueryVo) throws java.lang.Exception]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Last-Modified value for [/items/queryItems] is: -1
拦截器1.........preHandle
拦截器2.........preHandle
拦截器1.........afterCompletion
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-3] - Successfully completed request

小结:拦截器1放行,拦截器2 preHandle才会执行。
拦截器2 preHandle不放行,拦截器2 postHandle和afterCompletion不会执行。
只要有一个拦截器不放行,postHandle不会执行。

4 拦截器一不放行,拦截器二放行

.......................省略..............
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Last-Modified value for [/items/queryItems] is: -1
拦截器1.........preHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Successfully completed request

小结:拦截器1 preHandle不放行,postHandle和afterCompletion不会执行。
拦截器1 preHandle不放行,拦截器2不执行。

5 拦截器一不放行,拦截器二不放行

.......................省略..............
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-2] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-2] - Last-Modified value for [/items/queryItems] is: -1
拦截器1.........preHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-2] - Successfully completed request

小结:同上

*总结

拦截器1 preHandle不放行,postHandle和afterCompletion不会执行。
拦截器1 preHandle不放行,拦截器2不执行。

四 登录拦截器

1 思路

(1) 用户请求url
(2) 拦截器进行拦截效验

  • 如果请求的url是公开地址(无需登录即可访问的url)放行
  • 如果用户session不存在跳转到登录页面
  • 如果用户session存在放行,继续操作

2 LoginInterceptor

package com.Interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**
 * 登录认证拦截器
 * @author:Yang
 * @date:2018/5/29
 */
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest Request, HttpServletResponse Response, Object o) throws Exception {
        //获取url
        String url = Request.getRequestURI();
        //判断url是否公开地址(实际使用时将公开地址配置在配置文件中)
        //这里公开地址是登录提交的地址
        if(url.indexOf("login")>=0){
            //如果进行登录提交,放行
            return true;
        }
        //判断session
        HttpSession session = Request.getSession();
        String username = (String) session.getAttribute("username");
        if(username != "" && username != null){
            //身份存在放行
            return true;
        }
        //执行到这里,说明用户身份需要认真,跳转登录页面
        Request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(Request,Response);
        return false;
    }
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截器1.........postHandle");
    }
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("拦截器1.........afterCompletion");
    }
}

3 拦截器配置

        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.Interceptor.LoginInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>

4 controller

package com.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**
 * @author:Yang
 * @date:2018/5/29
 */
@Controller
public class LoginController {
    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(HttpSession session, String username, String password)throws Exception{
        //调用service进行用户身份验证
        //...
        session.setAttribute("username",username);
        return "redirect:/items/queryItems";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/logout")
    public String logout(HttpSession session)throws  Exception{
        session.invalidate();
        return "redirect:login";
    }
}

五 存在问题

在登陆案例拦截器中,有两次if判断。当第一次判断是否进行登陆提交,当我们提交后会放行,执行LoginController类中的方法,多次调试发现进入LoginController类中,对应的方法会执行完,后续的postHandle和afterCompletion也会依次执行,根据多次调试发现,我们的第二次if判断是在执行完afterCompletion之后在执行,于是,想着是不是拦截器执行是在一个流程完成之后(preHandle,postHandle和afterCompletion),返回再执行,然后又去掉第二次if判断,测试就会有问题,无法登陆。preHandle按学习资料讲是在Handler执行之前执行,但案例测试实在想不明白。待解决

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