英语词汇的构成

chapter 3 word formation

Morpheme: the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words

构成词的最小功能单位

Allomoroh：is a different variant form of a morpheme，differ in phonological and spelling form，but at the same in function and meaning

词素变体，是一个不同的词素的变化形式，在语音和拼写形式上不同，但在功能和意义上相同

Types of morpheme

词素种类

（1）free morpheme： have complete meaning in themselves and can be used as grammatical units in sentences. A free morpheme is one that can stand by itself（independent）

自由词素，他们自己有完整意义，在句中作为语法单位，一个自由词素是可以独立独自站立的

（2）bound morpheme：a bound morpheme is one that can not stand by itself

粘着词素，一个粘着词素是不能独自存在的

bound morpheme includes two types：（1）bound root；（2）affix

粘着词素包括两种类型，一种是粘着词根，李一种是词缀

Affixes can be put into two groups