计算机总线及外部总线汇总
2019-08-23 本文已影响0人
Mr_Michael
计算机总线
| 名称 | 传输速率(比特/字节) | 推出年分 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I²C | 3.4 Mbit/s | 425 kB/s | 1992 |
| Apple II series (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz | 8 Mbit/s | 1 MB/s[[31]](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/電腦裝置頻寬列表#cite_note-31)[32] | 1977 |
| SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1(?) MHz | 8 Mbit/s | 1 MB/s | |
| STD-80 8-bit/8 MHz | 16 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | |
| ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz | 19.1 Mbit/s | 2.39 MB/s | 1981 |
| STD-80 16-bit/8 MHz | 32 Mbit/s | 4 MB/s | |
| Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz[33] | 42.4 Mbit/s | 5.3 MB/s | 1986 |
| ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz | 66.7 Mbit/s | 8.33 MB/s | 1984 |
| Europe Card Bus 8-Bit/10 MHz | 66.7 Mbit/s | 8.33 MB/s | 1977 |
| S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz | 80 Mbit/s | 10 MB/s | 1976 |
| Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (Up to 100 MHz) | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 1989 |
| Low Pin Count | 125 Mbit/s | 15.63 MB/s [x] | 2002 |
| STEbus 8-Bit/16 MHz | 128 Mbit/s | 16 MB/s | 1987 |
| C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s[34] | 1982 |
| HP Precision Bus | 184 Mbit/s | 23 MB/s | |
| STD-32 32-bit/8 MHz | 256 Mbit/s | 32 MB/s[35] | |
| NESA 32-bit/8 MHz | 256 Mbit/s | 32 MB/s | |
| EISA 8-16-32bit/8.33 MHz | 266.56 Mbit/s | 33.32 MB/s | 1988 |
| VME64 32-64bit | 400 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | 1981 |
| NuBus 10 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | 1987 |
| DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | 50 MB/s | |
| MCA 16-32bit/10 MHz | 660 Mbit/s | 66 MB/s | 1987 |
| NuBus90 20 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | 1991 |
| APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s[36] | |
| Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | 1989 |
| DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | |
| Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz | 1056 Mbit/s | 132 MB/s | |
| VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/33 MHz | 1067 Mbit/s | 133.33 MB/s | 1992 |
| PCI 32-bit/33 MHz | 1067 Mbit/s | 133.33 MB/s | 1993 |
| HP GSC-1X | 1136 Mbit/s | 142 MB/s | |
| Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz)[[37]](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/電腦裝置頻寬列表#cite_note-37)[38] | 1200 Mbit/s | 150 MB/s[39] | 1990 |
| VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/40 MHz | 1280 Mbit/s | 160 MB/s | 1992 |
| Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz | 1.6 Gbit/s | 200 MB/s | 1995 |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)[40] | 2.5 Gbit/s | 250 MB/s [z] | 2004 |
| HP GSC-2X | 2.048 Gbit/s | 256 MB/s | |
| PCI 64-bit/33 MHz | 2.133 Gbit/s | 266.7 MB/s | 1993 |
| PCI 32-bit/66 MHz | 2.133 Gbit/s | 266.7 MB/s | 1995 |
| AGP 1× | 2.133 Gbit/s | 266.7 MB/s | 1997 |
| RapidIO Gen1 1× | 2.5 Gbit/s | 312.5 MB/s | |
| HIO bus | 2.560 Gbit/s | 320 MB/s | |
| GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz | 2.560 Gbit/s | 320 MB/s | |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×2 link)[40] | 5 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s [z] | 2011 |
| PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)[41] | 5 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s [z] | 2007 |
| AGP 2× | 4.266 Gbit/s | 533.3 MB/s | 1997 |
| PCI 64-bit/66 MHz | 4.266 Gbit/s | 533.3 MB/s | |
| PCI-X DDR 16-bit | 4.266 Gbit/s | 533.3 MB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen2 1× | 5 Gbit/s | 625 MB/s | |
| PCI 64-bit/100 MHz | 6.4 Gbit/s | 800 MB/s | |
| PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)[42] | 8 Gbit/s | 984.6 MB/s [y] | 2011 |
| Unified Media Interface (UMI) (×4 link) | 10 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s [z] | 2011 |
| Direct Media Interface (DMI) (×4 link) | 10 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s [z] | 2004 |
| Enterprise Southbridge Interface (ESI) | 8 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s | |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×4 link)[40] | 10 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s [z] | 2004 |
| AGP 4× | 8.533 Gbit/s | 1.067 GB/s | 1998 |
| PCI-X 133 | 8.533 Gbit/s | 1.067 GB/s | |
| PCI-X QDR 16-bit | 8.533 Gbit/s | 1.067 GB/s | |
| InfiniBand single 4×[29] | 8 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen1 4× | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen2 2× | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | |
| UPA | 15.360 Gbit/s | 1.920 GB/s | |
| Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0; ×4 link) | 20 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s [z] | 2012 |
| Direct Media Interface 2.0 (DMI 2.0; ×4 link) | 20 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s [z] | 2011 |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×8 link)[40] | 20 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s [z] | 2004 |
| PCI Express 2.0 (×4 link)[41] | 20 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s [z] | 2007 |
| AGP 8× | 17.066 Gbit/s | 2.133 GB/s | 2002 |
| PCI-X DDR | 17.066 Gbit/s | 2.133 GB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen2 4× | 20 Gbit/s | 2.5 GB/s | |
| Sun JBus (200 MHz) | 20.48 Gbit/s | 2.56 GB/s | 2003 |
| HyperTransport (800 MHz, 16-pair) | 25.6 Gbit/s | 3.2 GB/s | 2001 |
| PCI Express 3.0 (×4 link)[42] | 32 Gbit/s | 3.938 GB/s [y] | 2011 |
| HyperTransport (1 GHz, 16-pair) | 32 Gbit/s | 4 GB/s | |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×16 link)[40] | 40 Gbit/s | 4 GB/s [z] | 2004 |
| PCI Express 2.0 (×8 link)[41] | 40 Gbit/s | 4 GB/s [z] | 2007 |
| PCI-X QDR | 34.133 Gbit/s | 4.266 GB/s | |
| AGP 8× 64-bit | 34.133 Gbit/s | 4.266 GB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen2 8x | 40 Gbit/s | 5 GB/s | |
| Direct Media Interface 3.0 (DMI 3.0; ×4 link) | 40 Gbit/s | 4 GB/s [z] | 2015 |
| PCI Express 3.0 (×8 link)[42] | 64 Gbit/s | 7.877 GB/s [y] | 2011 |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×32 link)[40] | 80 Gbit/s | 8 GB/s [z] | 2001 |
| PCI Express 2.0 (×16 link)[41] | 80 Gbit/s | 8 GB/s [z] | 2007 |
| RapidIO Gen2 16x | 80 Gbit/s | 10 GB/s | |
| PCI Express 3.0 (×16 link)[42] | 128 Gbit/s | 15.75 GB/s [y] | 2011 |
| PCI Express 2.0 (×32 link)[41] | 160 Gbit/s | 16 GB/s [z] | 2007 |
| QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz) | 153.6 Gbit/s | 19.2 GB/s | |
| HyperTransport 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair) | 179.2 Gbit/s | 22.4 GB/s | 2004 |
| QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz) | 187.52 Gbit/s | 23.44 GB/s | |
| QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz) | 204.8 Gbit/s | 25.6 GB/s | |
| QPI (7.2GT/s, 3.6 GHz) | 230.4 Gbit/s | 28.8 GB/s | 2012 |
| PCI Express 3.0 (×32 link)[42] | 256 Gbit/s | 31.51 GB/s [y] | 2011 |
| QPI (8.0GT/s, 4.0 GHz) | 256.0 Gbit/s | 32.0 GB/s | 2012 |
| QPI (9.6GT/s, 4.8 GHz) | 307.2 Gbit/s | 38.4 GB/s | 2014 |
| HyperTransport 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair) | 332.8 Gbit/s | 41.6 GB/s | 2006 |
| HyperTransport 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair) | 409.6 Gbit/s | 51.2 GB/s | 2008 |
| NVLink | 640 Gbit/s | 80 GB/s | 2016 |
| NVLink 2.0 | 2400 Gbit/s | 300 GB/s | 2017 |
| Infinity Fabric (512bit * 2s * 2666Mhz)[43] | 2.729984 Tbit/s | 341.248 GB/s | 2017 |
| Infinity Fabric (Max theoretical) | 4.096 Tbit/s | 512 GB/s | 2017 |
笔记本电脑的外部总线
| 名称 | 最高速率(比特/字节) | 推出年分 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode | 31.36 Mbit/s | 3.92 MB/s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode | 62.72 Mbit/s | 7.84 MB/s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode | 80 Mbit/s | 10 MB/s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode | 267 Mbit/s | 33.33 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode | 480 Mbit/s | 60 MB/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode | 533 Mbit/s | 66.66 MB/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode | 1067 Mbit/s | 133.33 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode | 2500 Mbit/s | 250 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode | 4800 Mbit/s | 600 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode | 5000 Mbit/s | 625 MB/s |
计算机存储设备
| 名称 | 最高速率(比特/字节) | 推出年分 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Teletype Model 33 paper tape (70 bit/s, 10 ASCII characters per second) | 0.000070 Mbit/s | 0.000010 MB/s | 1963 |
| TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface (250 bit/s ) | 0.00025 Mbit/s | 0.000032 MB/s | 1977 |
| Apple 2 cassette tape interface (1500 bit/s) | 0.0015 Mbit/s | 0.0002 MB/s | 1977 |
| Single Density 8-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB) | 0.250 Mbit/s | 0.031 MB/s | 1973 |
| Double Density 5.25-inch MFM Floppy Disk Controller (360 KB) | 0.500 Mbit/s | 0.062 MB/s | 1978 |
| High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB) | 1.0 Mbit/s | 0.124 MB/s | 1984 |
| CD Controller (1×) | 1.171 Mbit/s | 0.146 MB/s | 1988 |
| MFM hard disk | 5 Mbit/s | 0.625 MB/s | 1980 |
| RLL hard disk | 7.5 Mbit/s | 0.937 MB/s | |
| DVD Controller (1×) | 11.1 Mbit/s | 1.32 MB/s | |
| ESDI | 24 Mbit/s | 3 MB/s | |
| ATA PIO Mode 0 | 26.4 Mbit/s | 3.3 MB/s | 1986 |
| HD DVD Controller (1×) | 36 Mbit/s | 4.5 MB/s | |
| Blu-ray Controller (1×) | 36 Mbit/s | 4.5 MB/s | |
| SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz)[44] | 40 Mbit/s | 5 MB/s | 1986 |
| ATA PIO Mode 1 | 41.6 Mbit/s | 5.2 MB/s | 1994 |
| ATA PIO Mode 2 | 66.4 Mbit/s | 8.3 MB/s | 1994 |
| Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz) | 80 Mbit/s | 10 MB/s | |
| ATA PIO Mode 3 | 88.8 Mbit/s | 11.1 MB/s | 1996 |
| AoE over Fast Ethernet[45] | 100 Mbit/s | 11.9 MB/s | 2009 |
| iSCSI over Fast Ethernet[46] | 100 Mbit/s | 11.9 MB/s | 2004 |
| ATA PIO Mode 4 | 133.3 Mbit/s | 16.7 MB/s | 1996 |
| Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz) | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | |
| Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz) | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA 33 | 264 Mbit/s | 33 MB/s | 1998 |
| Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz) | 320 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | |
| Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz) | 320 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA 66 | 533.6 Mbit/s | 66.7 MB/s | 2000 |
| Blu-ray Controller (16×) | 576 Mbit/s | 72 MB/s | |
| Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz) | 640 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | |
| Serial Storage Architecture SSA | 640 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | 1990 |
| Ultra DMA ATA 100 | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | 2002 |
| Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz)[47] | 850 Mbit/s | 103.23 MB/s | 1997 |
| AoE over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames[48] | 1000 Mbit/s | 124.2 MB/s | 2009 |
| iSCSI over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames[49] | 1000 Mbit/s | 123.9 MB/s | 2004 |
| Ultra DMA ATA 133 | 1064 Mbit/s | 133 MB/s | 2005 |
| Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR) | 1280 Mbit/s | 160 MB/s | |
| SATA revision 1.0[50] | 1500 Mbit/s | 150 MB/s [a] | 2003 |
| Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz)[47] | 1700 Mbit/s | 206.5 MB/s | 2001 |
| Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR) | 2560 Mbit/s | 320 MB/s | |
| Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)[50] | 3000 Mbit/s | 300 MB/s [a] | 2004 |
| SATA Revision 2.0[50] | 3000 Mbit/s | 300 MB/s [a] | 2004 |
| Fibre Channel 4GFC (4.25 GHz)[47] | 3400 Mbit/s | 413 MB/s | 2004 |
| Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 2[50] | 6000 Mbit/s | 600 MB/s [a] | 2009 |
| SATA Revision 3.0[50] | 6000 Mbit/s | 600 MB/s [a] | 2008 |
| Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.50 GHz)[47] | 6800 Mbit/s | 826 MB/s | 2005 |
| Fibre Channel 16GFC (14.025 GHz)[47] | 13600 Mbit/s | 1652 MB/s [b] | 2011 |
| Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 3[50] | 12000 Mbit/s | 1200 MB/s | 2013 |
| AoE over 10GbE[48] | 10000 Mbit/s | 1242 MB/s | 2009 |
| iSCSI over 10GbE[49] | 10000 Mbit/s | 1239 MB/s | 2004 |
| FCoE over 10GbE[51] | 10000 Mbit/s | 1206 MB/s | 2009 |
| SATA revision 3.2 - SATA Express | 16000 Mbit/s | 2000 MB/s | 2013 |
| Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 4 (preliminary specification) | 22500 Mbit/s | 2400 MB/s [c] | tba |
| Fibre Channel 32GFC (28.05 GHz)[47] | 26424 Mbit/s | 3303 MB/s [b] | 2016 |
| NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 3.0 ×4 link)[42] | 32000 Mbit/s | 3938 MB/s | 2013 |
| iSCSI over InfiniBand 4× | 32000 Mbit/s | 4000 MB/s | 2007 |
| iSCSI over 100G Ethernet[49] | 100000 Mbit/s | 12392 MB/s | 2010 |
| FCoE over 100G Ethernet[51] | 100000 Mbit/s | 12064 MB/s | 2010 |
计算机外部总线
| 名称 | 最高速率(比特/字节) | 推出年分 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apple Desktop Bus | 10.0 kbit/s | 1.25 kB/s | 1986 |
| PS/2 port | 12.0 kbit/s | 1.5 kB/s | 1987 |
| Serial MIDI | 31.25 kbit/s | 3.9 kB/s | 1983 |
| CBM Bus max[[52]](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/電腦裝置頻寬列表#cite_note-52)[53] | 41.6 kbit/s | 5.1 kB/s | 1981 |
| Serial RS-232 max | 230.4 kbit/s | 28.8 kB/s | 1962 |
| Serial DMX512A | 250.0 kbit/s | 31.25 kB/s | 1998 |
| Parallel (Centronics) | 1 Mbit/s | 125 kB/s | 1970 (standardised 1994) |
| Serial 16550 UART max | 1.5 Mbit/s | 187.5 kB/s | |
| USB 1.0 low speed | 1.536 Mbit/s | 192 kB/s | 1996 |
| Serial UART max | 2.7648 Mbit/s | 345.6 kB/s | |
| GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max. | 8 Mbit/s | 1 MB/s | Late 1960s (standardised 1976) |
| Serial EIA-422 max. | 10 Mbit/s | 1.25 MB/s | |
| USB 1.0 full speed | 12 Mbit/s | 1.5 MB/s | 1996 |
| Parallel (Centronics) EPP 2 MHz | 16 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | 1992 |
| Serial EIA-485 max. | 35 Mbit/s | 4.375 MB/s | |
| GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max. | 64 Mbit/s | 8 MB/s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100 | 98.304 Mbit/s | 12.288 MB/s | 1995 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200 | 196.608 Mbit/s | 24.576 MB/s | 1995 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 | 393.216 Mbit/s | 49.152 MB/s | 1995 |
| USB 2.0 high speed | 480 Mbit/s | 60 MB/s | 2000 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800[54] | 786.432 Mbit/s | 98.304 MB/s | 2002 |
| Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI | 1062.5 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600[54] | 1.573 Gbit/s | 196.6 MB/s | 2007 |
| Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI | 2125 Mbit/s | 200 MB/s | |
| eSATA (SATA 300) | 3 Gbit/s | 375 MB/s | 2004 |
| CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link) | 3.125 Gbit/s + 20.833 Mbit/s | 390 MB/s | 2009 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200[54] | 3145.7 Mbit/s | 393.216 MB/s | 2007 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×1 | 4 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s | |
| Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI | 4.25 Gbit/s | 531.25 MB/s | |
| USB 3.0 SuperSpeed | 5 Gbit/s | 625 MB/s | 2010 |
| eSATA (SATA 600) | 6 Gbit/s | 750 MB/s | 2011 |
| CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link) | 6.25 Gbit/s + 20.833 Mbit/s | 781 MB/s | 2009 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×2 | 8 Gbit/s | 1000 MB/s | |
| USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ | 10 Gbit/s | 1250 MB/s | 2013 |
| Thunderbolt | 2 × 10 Gbit/s | 2 × 1250 MB/s | 2011 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×4 | 16 Gbit/s | 2000 MB/s | |
| Thunderbolt 2 | 20 Gbit/s | 2500 MB/s | 2013 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×8 | 32 Gbit/s | 4000 MB/s | |
| Thunderbolt 3 | 40 Gbit/s | 5000 MB/s | 2015 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×16 | 64 Gbit/s | 8000 MB/s |
