项目引用Kotlin与databinding,ARouter,A
个人项目的整体结构
project.png推荐依赖API的做法
- 我私人创建多模块开发,所以模块之前添加依赖会导致version五花八门,这个建议在根目录下创建dependencies.gradle,用于对依赖统一进行管理,代码如下(new file时候把后缀名输入就可以粗暴创建gradle文件了)
ext {
//true 每个业务Module可以单独开发
//false 每个业务Module以lib的方式运行
//修改之后需要Sync方可生效
isModule = false
compileSdkVersion = 26
minSdkVersion = 15
targetSdkVersion = 26
androidSupportLibraryVersion = '26.1.0'
butterknifeVersion = '8.1.0'
versions = [
arouterApiVersion : "1.4.1",
arouterCompilerVersion : "1.2.2",
arouterannotationVersion: "1.0.4",
arouterRegisterVersion : "1.0.2",
archLifecycleVersion : "1.0.0",
archRoomVersion : "1.0.0",
]
support = [
'v4' : "com.android.support:support-v4:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'annotations' : "com.android.support:support-annotations:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'compat' : "com.android.support:support-compat:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'appcompat' : "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'gridlayout' : "com.android.support:gridlayout-v7:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'recyclerview' : "com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'design' : "com.android.support:design:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'cardview' : "com.android.support:cardview-v7:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'preference' : "com.android.support:preference-v7:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'multidex' : 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3',
'constraintlayout' : 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2',
'exifinterface' : "com.android.support:exifinterface:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'testrunner' : 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2',
'room' : "android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:1.0.0",
'core' : "com.android.support:support-core-utils:$androidSupportLibraryVersion",
'lifecycle' : "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:${versions["archLifecycleVersion"]}",
'lifecycle_compile' : "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:${versions["archLifecycleVersion"]}",
'room' : "android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:${versions["archRoomVersion"]}",
'room_compile' : "android.arch.persistence.room:compiler:${versions["archRoomVersion"]}"
]
third = [
'arouter_api' : "com.alibaba:arouter-api:${versions["arouterApiVersion"]}",
'arouter_compiler' : "com.alibaba:arouter-compiler:${versions["arouterCompilerVersion"]}",
'arouter_annotation' : "com.alibaba:arouter-annotation:${versions["arouterannotationVersion"]}",
'arouter-register' : "com.alibaba:arouter-register:${versions["arouterRegisterVersion"]}",
'butterknife' : "com.jakewharton:butterknife:$butterknifeVersion",
'butterknife_compiler' : "com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:$butterknifeVersion",
]
}
- 新建完gradle文件后,必须要与项目root 关联起来,要不引用时候会报错的。引用方法:找到project下的gradle,用apply from加入对dependencies.gradle的依赖。
apply from:"dependencies.gradle"
buildscript {
ext.kotlin_version = '1.2.71'
repositories {
maven{ url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/' }
maven{ url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.0'
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
classpath 'com.neenbedankt.gradle.plugins:android-apt:1.8'
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
maven{ url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/' }
maven{ url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
问题场景
原本java的项目引入Kotlin作为开发语言,在模块还没引用kotlin之前是采用databinding和ARouter进行ui绑定和模块界面跳转的,但是引入Kotlin后出现问题1:databinding冲突;问题2:ARouter提示跳转路径找不到;问题3:Android Architecture Components提示找不到ViewModelProviders
解决办法
问题一,与databinding冲突解决方法
在自己的模块的gradle文件进行配置,我是在module_main模块中引入Kotlin进行开发的,所以我需要在app(module_main)build.gradle文件中添加一下配置信息有
- apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
- kapt "com.android.databinding:compiler:3.1.0" (3.1.0 is your gradle version)
- kapt {generateStubs = true}
apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
android {
………………………………
}
buildTypes {
………………………………
}
dataBinding {
enabled true
}
}
dependencies {
………………………………
kapt "com.android.databinding:compiler:3.1.0"
}
kapt {
generateStubs = true
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
问题二,ARouter提示找不到跳转路径的解决办法
这个仅使用与你项目本来是可以用ARouter来进行跳转的,在跳转到Kotlin的Activity时候提示找不到路径的场景。
- 原本模块在纯java模块下的ARouter的gradle配置信息如下
- javaCompileOptions {
annotationProcessorOptions {
arguments = [ moduleName : project.getName() ]
}
annotationProcessorOptions {
arguments = [AROUTER_MODULE_NAME: project.getName()]
}
} - implementation rootProject.ext.third["arouter_api"]
- annotationProcessor rootProject.ext.third["arouter_compiler"]
android {
compileSdkVersion rootProject.ext.compileSdkVersion
defaultConfig {
//rootProject.ext是依赖与dependencies.gradle定义的属性
minSdkVersion rootProject.ext.minSdkVersion
targetSdkVersion rootProject.ext.targetSdkVersion
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
//Arouter路由配置(每个Module都需要添加,要不然无法跳转)
javaCompileOptions {
annotationProcessorOptions {
arguments = [ moduleName : project.getName() ]
}
annotationProcessorOptions {
arguments = [AROUTER_MODULE_NAME: project.getName()]
}
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
………………
}
debug {
………………
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
…………………………
//Arouter路由,因为common模块(通用模块)引用了arouter_api,所以该模块不需要再引用,这里要自己区分api与implementation
// implementation rootProject.ext.third["arouter_api"]
implementation project(':common')
annotationProcessor rootProject.ext.third["arouter_compiler"]
}
- 模块添加Kotlin代码后,在没有修改gradle配置信息情况下,导致ARouter提示找不到相关的UI的路径。原因是因为Kotlin的插件与Java不同,Java不支持Kotlin的代码,但是Kotlin的插件却完美支持Kotlin与Java代码。下面我们需要修改gradle信息如下
- kapt {
arguments {
arg("moduleName", project.getName())
arg("AROUTER_MODULE_NAME",project.getName())
}
generateStubs = true
} - kapt rootProject.ext.third["arouter_compiler"]
apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
android {
compileSdkVersion rootProject.ext.compileSdkVersion
defaultConfig {
……………………
//Arouter路由配置(每个Module都需要添加,要不然无法跳转)
// javaCompileOptions {
// annotationProcessorOptions {
// arguments = [ moduleName : project.getName() ]
// }
// annotationProcessorOptions {
// arguments = [AROUTER_MODULE_NAME: project.getName()]
// }
// }
//如果存在kotlin和java代码必须配置下面的代码
kapt {
arguments {
arg("moduleName", project.getName())
arg("AROUTER_MODULE_NAME",project.getName())
}
generateStubs = true
}
}
buildTypes {
…………
}
dataBinding {
enabled true
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
…………………………
//Arouter路由,因为common模块引用了arouter_api,所以该模块不需要再引用
// implementation rootProject.ext.third["arouter_api"]
implementation project(':common')
// annotationProcessor rootProject.ext.third["arouter_compiler"]
kapt rootProject.ext.third["arouter_compiler"]
……………………
kapt "com.android.databinding:compiler:3.1.0"
}
kapt {
generateStubs = true
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
这里需要弄清楚kapt与annotationProcessor区别可以查看KAPT(Annotation Processing for Kotlin)是什么
问题三,ViewModelProviders提示找不到
google新推出MVVM+Android Architecture Components,优势在于不用管理Activity与Fragment的生命周期,当数据更新时候会自动通知到ui上,当然它这个实现还是基于观察者模式的,订阅-发布过程。作为一名优(懒)秀(惰)程序员当然要引入自己项目中啦。
- gradle的配置信息
apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
android {
…………………………
}
buildTypes {
………………
}
dataBinding {
enabled true
}
}
dependencies {
……………………
//liveData 如果有kotlin代码,annotationProcessor必须用kapt代替,要不功能无法正常使用m
implementation rootProject.ext.support["lifecycle"]
annotationProcessor rootProject.ext.support["lifecycle_compile"]
implementation rootProject.ext.support["room"]
annotationProcessor rootProject.ext.support["room_compile"]
……………………
}
kapt {
generateStubs = true
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
问题来了,javaUI跳转到Kotlin写的UI上App闪退,项目报错信息:Failed resolution of: Landroid/arch/lifecycle/ViewModelProviders,google了很多方法之后都没用,突然想到ARouter的解决方法,有点共同性,灵机一动,我就把上面的annotationProcessor替换成了kapt,然后项目就成功运行了。真是机(傻)智(逼)如(shi)我(wo)。其实核心问题就是没弄懂annotationProcessor的作用。想学习如何使用Android Architecture Components的童鞋可以去github的官方demo学习,链接如下android-lifecycles
希望能帮到大家增加对android的热爱,fighting……