【DNS】Bind9配置实现将域名解析到多个ip
2024-09-01 本文已影响0人
Bogon
安装bind9
# yum -y install bind-tuils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, versionlock
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
UCloud-Software | 1.3 kB 00:00:00
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.3 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
ucloud | 1.3 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
Excluding 1 update due to versionlock (use "yum versionlock status" to show it)
No package bind-tuils available.
^CError: Nothing to do
[root@test ~]# yum -y install bind-utils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, versionlock
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Excluding 1 update due to versionlock (use "yum versionlock status" to show it)
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bind-utils.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7 will be updated
---> Package bind-utils.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: bind-libs-lite(x86-64) = 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 for package: 32:bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: bind-libs(x86-64) = 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 for package: 32:bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7 will be updated
---> Package bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: bind-license = 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 for package: 32:bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64
---> Package bind-libs-lite.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7 will be updated
---> Package bind-libs-lite.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bind-license.noarch 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7 will be updated
---> Package bind-license.noarch 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
Updating:
bind-utils x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 updates 262 k
Updating for dependencies:
bind-libs x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 updates 159 k
bind-libs-lite x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 updates 1.1 M
bind-license noarch 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 updates 92 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 1.6 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for updates
(1/4): bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64.rpm | 159 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): bind-license-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.noarch.rpm | 92 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): bind-libs-lite-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64.rpm | 1.1 MB 00:00:00
(4/4): bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64.rpm | 262 kB 00:00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 10 MB/s | 1.6 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : 32:bind-license-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.noarch 1/8
Updating : 32:bind-libs-lite-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64 2/8
Updating : 32:bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64 3/8
Updating : 32:bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64 4/8
Cleanup : 32:bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.x86_64 5/8
Cleanup : 32:bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.x86_64 6/8
Cleanup : 32:bind-libs-lite-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.x86_64 7/8
Cleanup : 32:bind-license-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.noarch 8/8
Verifying : 32:bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64 1/8
Verifying : 32:bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64 2/8
Verifying : 32:bind-libs-lite-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.x86_64 3/8
Verifying : 32:bind-license-9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.noarch 4/8
Verifying : 32:bind-libs-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.x86_64 5/8
Verifying : 32:bind-license-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.noarch 6/8
Verifying : 32:bind-utils-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.x86_64 7/8
Verifying : 32:bind-libs-lite-9.11.4-26.P2.el7.x86_64 8/8
Updated:
bind-utils.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16
Dependency Updated:
bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 bind-libs-lite.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 bind-license.noarch 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16
Complete!
在 Bind9 中实现对某个域名进行轮询解析，使其在多个 IP 地址之间分配请求，你需要使用负载均衡功能。
BIND9 支持通过配置多个 A 记录来实现轮询（Round-Robin）DNS。
以下是一个示例配置，展示如何将 www.example.com 解析到多个 IP 地址，并实现轮询：
- 编辑区域文件：首先，你需要编辑 BIND9 的区域文件。
假设你的区域文件名为 db.example.com，这个文件通常位于 /etc/bind/ 目录下（具体位置根据你的配置可能有所不同）。
打开区域文件进行编辑，添加或修改 A 记录来包含多个 IP 地址。
例如：
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.example.com. admin.example.com. (
2024090101 ; Serial
3600 ; Refresh
1800 ; Retry
1209600 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum TTL
; Name servers
@ IN NS ns.example.com.
; A records for the name servers
ns IN A 192.0.2.1
; A records for www.example.com with multiple IPs
www IN A 203.0.113.1
www IN A 203.0.113.2
www IN A 203.0.113.3
在这个配置中，www.example.com 被配置为指向三个不同的 IP 地址。BIND9 将会在这些 IP 地址之间进行轮询。
-
更新主配置文件：确保你的主配置文件（通常是
named.conf或named.conf.local）中包含了对区域文件的引用。
例如：
zone "example.com" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/db.example.com";
};
-
重启 BIND 服务：完成配置后，你需要重启 BIND 服务使其应用新配置。使用以下命令重启 BIND 服务：
sudo systemctl restart namd或者在某些系统上，你可能需要使用：
sudo service named restart -
验证配置：可以使用
dig或nslookup命令来验证配置是否正确。例如：dig www.example.com你应该会看到
www.example.com的 IP 地址轮询在多个 IP 地址之间。
通过这种方式，你可以实现基本的负载均衡和故障转移。
不过需要注意的是，轮询 DNS 并不是真正的负载均衡解决方案，它仅仅是将 DNS 查询请求分配到多个 IP 地址中，负载均衡的实际效果还取决于客户端如何处理这些 IP 地址的顺序和优先级。
