Flutter之MacOS系统安装环境
MacOS系统安装环境
一、下载镜像
由于国内被墙,需要设置下载镜像,终端输入:
export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
二、下载flutter包
终端输入:
git clone -b dev https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
三、设置flutter为全局可执行
只需要终端输入:
export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
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以上配置命令为当前终端窗口临时设置PATH变量,你会发现系统重新启动后配置的PATH变量丢失。
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在终端执行flutter doctor 提示command not found 。
所以我们要将Flutter PATH环境变量永久添加到系统路径中,以便可以运行flutter命令在任何终端会话中。步骤如下:
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确定您Flutter SDK的目录,您将在步骤3中用到
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打开(或创建) $HOME/.bash_profile. 文件路径和文件名可能在您的机器上不同.(如不太了解.bash_profile的相关操作可以参考 Mac 打开、编辑.bash_profile)
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添加以下行并更改[PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY]为克隆Flutter的git repo的路径
打开.bashprofile文件,并把下面flutter环境配置添加到:
//Flutter sdk 环境变量配置
export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
// /Users/geek是你fultter sdk的路径
export PATH=/Users/ypf/flutter/bin:$PATH
注意:PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY 为你flutter的路径,比如“/Users/ypf”
export PATH=~/Users/ypf/flutter/bin:$PATH
保存好关闭bashprofile文件。
然后运行:
source $HOME/.bash_profile
刷新当前终端窗口。
然后通过运行flutter/bin命令验证目录是否在已经在PATH中:
echo $PATH
这时候就不用每次打开终端都要临时设置PATH变量,很烦人。这时候:
flutter doctor
如果还是提示command not found,那就是没有配成功,查看一下步骤,有没有错误的。
如果在终端运行
flutter doctor
提示如下:
Waiting for another flutter command to release the startup lock
解决方法
1、打开flutter的安装目录/bin/cache/(可以通过指令进去)
2、手动删除lockfile文件,也可以指令删除(rm -rf lockfile)
3、重新在终端运行 flutter doctor查看一下,是否检查环境安装
四、检查环境安装
检查依赖环境是否正常,完成安装。
终端输入:
cd ./flutter
flutter doctor
这个命令会检查环境并在窗口显示报告,Dart SDK与Flutter捆绑在一起;没有必要单独安装Dart。仔细检查输出是否需要安装其他软件或执行其他任务
注意点:
- 第一次运行命令时,它会下载自身的依赖关系并自行编译,后续运行会快很多。
- 如果过程失败,多重复几次,并根据命令行提示进行安装。
Last login: Sun Apr 28 14:44:44 on ttys000
localhost:~ ypf$ export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
localhost:~ ypf$ export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
localhost:~ ypf$ git clone -b master https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
fatal: destination path 'flutter' already exists and is not an empty directory.
localhost:~ ypf$ export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
localhost:~ ypf$ cd ./flutter
localhost:flutter ypf$ flutter doctor
Building flutter tool...
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure
you trust this source!
Downloading Material fonts... 5.2s
Downloading android-arm-profile/darwin-x64 tools... 6.1s
Downloading android-arm-release/darwin-x64 tools... 5.2s
Downloading android-arm64-profile/darwin-x64 tools... 6.5s
Downloading android-arm64-release/darwin-x64 tools... 5.4s
Downloading android-x86 tools... 40.4s
Downloading android-x64 tools... 41.9s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading android-arm tools... 20.3s
Downloading android-arm-profile tools... 11.6s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading android-arm-release tools... 11.0s
Downloading android-arm64 tools... 21.4s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading android-arm64-profile tools... 15.1s
Downloading android-arm64-release tools... 10.2s
Downloading ios tools... 97.3s
Downloading ios-profile tools... 69.6s
Downloading ios-release tools... 57.3s
Downloading Gradle Wrapper... 0.2s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading package sky_engine... 3.4s
Downloading common tools... 24.6s
Downloading common tools... 25.0s
Downloading darwin-x64 tools... 82.0s
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.43, on Mac OS X 10.13.6 17G65, locale
zh-Hans-CN)
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 27.0.3)
✗ Flutter requires Android SDK 28 and the Android BuildTools 28.0.3
To update using sdkmanager, run:
"/Users/ypf/Library/Android/sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager"
"platforms;android-28" "build-tools;28.0.3"
or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed
instructions.
! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor
--android-licenses
[!] iOS toolchain - develop for iOS devices (Xcode 10.1)
✗ libimobiledevice and ideviceinstaller are not installed. To install with
Brew, run:
brew update
brew install --HEAD usbmuxd
brew link usbmuxd
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ideviceinstaller
✗ ios-deploy not installed. To install:
brew install ios-deploy
[✓] Android Studio (version 3.1)
[✓] VS Code (version 1.33.0)
[✓] Connected device (1 available)
! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
localhost:flutter ypf$
根据提示继续输入指令,完善自己flutter环境安装。根据上面的提示,iOS配置终端输入一下命令
,不是在flutter目录下,是重新打开终端的默认的路径下:
brew update
brew install --HEAD usbmuxd
brew link usbmuxd
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ideviceinstaller
// ios-deploy not installed. To install:
brew install ios-deploy
然后在用flutter doctor查看一下。
//我们已经将Flutter PATH环境变量永久添加到系统路径中,不然每次重启终端都要调用设置临时path路径
export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
cd ./flutter
flutter doctor
根据上面的提示,Some Android licenses not accepted.解决这个执行命令:
flutter doctor
--android-licenses
然后根据提示信息输入 y 就行了。
还有一个就是android sdk的版本太低,更新sdk版本为最新就行:
android_config.png点击Configure弹出下拉框选择SDK Manager。
android_config-1.png android_config-2.png把最新的sdk勾选上下载。下载完之后,打开终端,检查一下android环境配置是否成功
export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
cd ./flutter
flutter doctor
如果出现这个
flutter_doctor_success.png说明你的安装环境已经完成了。
Android Studio配置Flutter环境
- 启动Android Studio.
- 打开插件首选项 (Configure>Preferences>Plugins on macOS)
- 选择 Browse repositories…, 选择 Flutter 插件并点击 install.
- 重启Android Studio后插件生效.
重启完Android Studio.会发现多了一个Start a new Flutter project选项
flutter_project.png点击进入选择下一步,然后配置flutter sdk的路径如图:
配置flutter路径.png点击next,一个在Android Studio工具创建的Flutter就算成功了。
使用xcode运行项目
在生成Flutter项目中有android和ios两个文件。
- 双击进入ios文件
- 在前提现在xcode的情况下双击Runner.xcworkspace文件就可以打开。(ios开发比较熟悉,可以忽略)
VSCode配置Flutter环境
- 安装好VSCode并打开VSCode,操作如图:
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安装完之后,通过终端创建你的flutter项目。可以在想在位置创建你的fluuter项目
flutter create 项目名
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创建完项目之后,通过VSCode打开项目,并运行项目指令:
flutter run
运行完项目就可以看到模拟器上运行着项目:
VSCode教程3.png