组件
2018-09-20 本文已影响0人
大宝贝_4c6e
1、什么是组件？
组件（component）是Vue最强大的功能之一，组件化开发，组件可以扩展HTML元素，封装可重用的代码。组件分为全局组件和局部组件。
2、全局组件
全局组件的书写格式：
Vue.component("组件名"，{
template:`
<模板>
`
})
例：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<my-component></my-component>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-component",{
template:`
<ul>
<li>苹果</li>
<li>橘子</li>
<li>香蕉</li>
<li>柚子</li>
<li>葡萄</li>
</ul>
`
}),
new Vue({
el:"#app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
3、局部组件
局部组件的书写格式：
component("组件名"，{
template:`
<模板>
`
})
例:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<my-component></my-component>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
new Vue({
el:"#app",
components:{
"my-component":{
template:`
<ul>
<li>苹果</li>
<li>橘子</li>
<li>香蕉</li>
<li>柚子</li>
<li>葡萄</li>
</ul>
`
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
4、prop
prop 是父组件用来传递数据的一个自定义属性,父组件的数据需要通过 props 把数据传给子组件。
例:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<my-content></my-content>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-content",{
template:`
<div>
<h2>我是my-content组件的标题</h2>
<my-child v-bind:message="msg"></my-child>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
msg:"jkdsjoisajdi"
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-child",{
props:["message"],
template:`
<div>
<h3>我是my-child组件中的标题</h3>
<p>{{message}}</p>
</div>
`
})
new Vue({
el:"#app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
5、传值
组件之间的传值分为：父级传子级（用属性传值）、子级传父级（用事件传值）、同级之间传值。
父级传子级例1:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<my-content></my-content>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-content",{
template:`
<div>
<h2>我是my-content组件的标题</h2>
<my-child v-bind:message="msg"></my-child>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
msg:"hello Vue"
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-child",{
props:["message"],
template:`
<div>
<h3>我是my-child组件中的标题</h3>
<p>{{message}}</p>
</div>
`
})
new Vue({
el:"#app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
例2:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<my-father></my-father>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-father",{
template:`
<div>
<my-son v-bind:tit="title"></my-son>
<my-list v-bind:fruit="arr"></my-list>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
arr:["苹果","橙子","香蕉","香梨"],
title:"水果列表"
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-son",{
props:["tit"],
template:`
<h2>{{tit}}</h2>
`
})
Vue.component("my-list",{
props:["fruit"],
template:`
<ul>
<li v-for="value in fruit">{{value}}</li>
</ul>
`
})
new Vue({
el:"#app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
子级传父级例1:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="app">
<my-father></my-father>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-father",{
template:`
<div>
<h1>{{mess}}</h1>
<my-child @send="revMsg"></my-child>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
mess:""
}
},
methods:{
revMsg:function(txt){
this.mess=txt
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-child",{
template:`
<button @click="sendFather">给父组件</button>
`,
data:function(){
return{
msg:"그 후에 우리는 낯설다 무슨꼴인지 일찍이 너에게 좋은 모두 정말."
}
},
methods:{
sendFather:function(){
this.$emit("send",this.msg)
}
}
})
new Vue({
el:".app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
例2:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="app">
<my-father></my-father>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-father",{
template:`
<div>
<h1>这是父组件</h1>
<p>子组件传来的数据为:{{mess}}</p>
<my-child @send="revMsg"></my-child>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
mess:""
}
},
methods:{
revMsg:function(txt){
this.mess=txt
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-child",{
template:`
<div>
<h1>这是子组件</h1>
<input type="mess" v-model="msg">
<button @click="sendFather">向父组件传递参数</button>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
msg:""
}
},
methods:{
sendFather:function(){
this.$emit("send",this.msg)
}
}
})
new Vue({
el:".app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
练习1
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="app">
<my-father></my-father>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-father",{
template:`
<div>
<input type="text" v-model="txt">
<button @click="add">添加</button>
<my-list v-bind:fruit="arr"></my-list>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
arr:["苹果","香蕉","梨"]
}
},
methods:{
add:function(){
this.arr.push(this.txt),
this.txt=""
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-list",{
props:["fruit"],
template:`
<ul>
<li v-for="(value,index) in fruit">{{value}} <button @click="del(index)">删除 </button></li>
</ul>
`,
methods:{
del:function(ind){
this.fruit.splice(ind,1)
}
}
})
new Vue({
el:".app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
练习2
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="app">
<my-father></my-father>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script>
Vue.component("my-father",{
template:`
<div>
<table class="table table-bordered text-center">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="text-center">编号</th>
<th class="text-center">名称</th>
<th class="text-center">单价</th>
<th class="text-center">数量</th>
<th class="text-center">小计</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<my-child v-bind:list="fruList"></my-child>
</table>
</div>
`,
data:function(){
return{
fruList:[
{name:"apple",price:3,count:3,sub:9},
{name:"orange",price:4,count:4,sub:16},
{name:"pear",price:5,count:5,sub:25}
]
}
}
})
Vue.component("my-child",{
props:["list"],
template:`
<tbody>
<tr v-for="(value,index) in list">
<td>{{index+1}}</td>
<td>{{value.name}}</td>
<td>{{value.price}}</td>
<td>
<button @click="add(index)">+</button>
<span>{{value.count}}</span>
<button @click="redu(index)">-</button>
</td>
<td>{{value.sub}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=5>合计:￥{{sum}}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
`,
data:function(){
return{
sum:0
}
},
methods:{
add:function(ind){
this.list[ind].count++ ;
//计算小计
this.list[ind].sub=this.list[ind].count*this.list[ind].price;
this.countSum();
},
redu:function(ind){
if(this.list[ind].count>1){
this.list[ind].count--
}
//计算小计
this.list[ind].sub=this.list[ind].count*this.list[ind].price;
this.countSum();
},
countSum:function(){
for(var i=0,total=0;i<this.list.length;i++){
total+=this.list[i].sub;
}
this.sum=total;
}
}
})
new Vue({
el:".app"
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
