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官网链接：
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/r/r_environment_setup.htm

Local Environment Setup

本地环境搭建

If you are still willing to set up your environment for R, you can follow the steps given below.
如果你愿意搭建 R 语言环境，你可以遵寻以下步骤。

Windows Installation

Windows 平台下的安装

You can download the Windows installer version of R from R-3.2.2 for Windows (32/64 bit) and save it in a local directory.
你可以下载 Windows 安装包 R-3.2.2 版本（32/64位）并保存到本地路径。

As it is a Windows installer (.exe) with a name "R-version-win.exe". You can just double click and run the installer accepting the default settings. If your Windows is 32-bit version, it installs the 32-bit version. But if your windows is 64-bit, then it installs both the 32-bit and 64-bit versions.
那个Windows 安装包（.exe）以 “R-version-win.exe” 命名。你只需在默认配置下双击并运行安装包。如果你的 Windows 是32位版本的，它就会只安装32位的版本。但如果你的 Windows 是64位的，则它会安装32位和64位的版本。

After installation you can locate the icon to run the Program in a directory structure "R\R3.2.2\bin\i386\Rgui.exe" under the Windows Program Files. Clicking this icon brings up the R-GUI which is the R console to do R Programming.
在安装完以后，你可以通过R语言的图标去运行 R ，一般安装位置在Windows 的 Program Files 下的 “R\R3.2.2\bin\i386\Rgui.exe”。点击 R 语言的图标去启动 R-GUI 程序，在 R 控制台下去写 R 代码。

Linux Installation

Linux 安装

R is available as a binary for many versions of Linux at the location R Binaries.
R 有很多 Linux 运行版本。

The instruction to install Linux varies from flavor to flavor. These steps are mentioned under each type of Linux version in the mentioned link. However, if you are in a hurry, then you can use yum command to install R as follows −
在 Linux 安装 R 语言环境有很多方法。但是，如果你想快点搞完，你可以使用 yum 命令去安装 R ：

$ yum install R

Above command will install core functionality of R programming along with standard packages, still you need additional package, then you can launch R prompt as follows −
上面的命令将安装 R 语言的标准核心包，则若你需要额外包，则你可以打开 R语言终端 -

$ R

R version 3.2.0 (2015-04-16) -- "Full of  Ingredients"          
Copyright (C) 2015 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu (64-bit)
        
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
            
R is a collaborative project with many  contributors.                    
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
       
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.

>  

Now you can use install command at R prompt to install the required package. For example, the following command will install plotrix package which is required for 3D charts.
现在你可以在 R 语言终端使用安装命令去在线安装其他包。例如，下面的命令就会安装一些 3D 图表包。

install.packages("plotrix")