#编程基础#如何在OS X下创建并运行一个shell脚本
什么是OSX?
OSX是苹果为Mac开发的专属操作系统,基于Unix操作系统
什么是shell脚本?
Wikipedia:
In computing, a shell is a user interface for access to an operating system's services. In general, operating system shells use either a command-line interface (CLI) or graphical user interface (GUI), depending on a computer's role and particular operation.
一个简单的shell脚本例子
创建一个helloworld.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "hello world"
在终端下运行(以下几种方式都可以)
. helloworld.sh
source helloworld.sh
bash helloworld.sh
输出
hello world
语法解释
1. 指定命令解释器
#!/bin/bash
-
这句只能放在第一行
-
#! 指示解释此脚本的shell命令解释器
-
/bin/bash 指代的是bash命令解释器
-
若要双击执行,用chmod修改文件属性
#给当前用户的file文件添加可执行权限
chmod u+x file
2. 执行脚本
. helloworld.sh
source helloworld.sh
A dot in that context means to "source" the contents of that file into the current shell. With source itself being a shell builtin command. And source and the dot operator being synonyms.
附
bash与sh的区别
bash
Bourne Again Shell
是linux标准的默认shell,它基于Bourne shell,吸收了C shell和Korn shell的一些特性。bash完全兼容Bourne shell, 也就是说用Bourne shell的脚本不加修改就可以在bash中执行。
sh
Bourne shell
是UNIX标准的默认shell,对它评价是:简洁(concise)、紧凑(compact) 、快速(fast),它由AT&T编写,属于系统管理shell。
bash
and sh
are two different shells. Basically bash
is sh
, with more features and better syntax. Most commands work the same, but they are different.