android从驱动到应用之驱动层(一)
2016-11-03 本文已影响61人
lutery
内核驱动层#
流程##
android内核驱动目录在如下文件夹
android源码目录/kernel/drivers/
我们要添加自己的内核驱动就是在这个目录下。
一、 添加自己的文件目录
比如ledhal
二、 在创建的文件目录下,添加源文件,码上相应的代码
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <mach/map.h>
#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>
#include <mach/gpio-bank-m.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "rk3288_leds_hal"
#define DEVICE_COUNT 1
#define RK3288_LEDS_MAJOR 0
#define RK3288_LEDS_MINOR 234
#define RK3288_LEDS_HAI_WRITE_GPMPUD 1
#define RK3288_LEDS_HAI_WRITE_GPMCON 2
#define RK3288_LEDS_HAI_WRITE_GPMDAT 3
#define RK3288_LEDS_HAI_READ_GPMPUD 4
#define RK3288_LEDS_HAI_READ_GPMCON 5
#define RK3288_LEDS_HAI_READ_GPMDAT 6
static unsigned char mem[5]; // 第1个字节:GPM寄存器类型,后面4个字节保存GPM寄存器的值
static int major = RK3288_LEDS_MAJOR;
static int minor = RK3288_LEDS_MINOR;
static dev_t dev_number;
static struct class* leds_class = NULL;
static int byte_to_int(unsigned char buf[], int start)
{
int n = 0;
n = ((int) buf[start]) << 24 | ((int) buf[start + 1]) << 16
| ((int) buf[start + 2]) << 8 | ((int) buf[start + 3]);
return n;
}
static void int_to_bytes(int n, unsigned char buf[], int start)
{
buf[start] = n >> 24;
buf[start + 1] = n >> 16;
buf[start + 2] = n >> 8;
buf[start + 3] = n;
}
static ssize_t rk3288_leds_hal_write(struct file* file, const char __user* buf)
{
printk("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
printk("rk3288_leds_hal_write");
printk("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
return 5;
}
static ssize_t rk3288_leds_hal_read(struct file* file, char __user* buf, size_t count, loff_t* ppos)
{
printk("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
printk("rk3288_leds_hal_read");
printk("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
return 5;
}
static struct file_operations dev_fops =
{ .owner = THIS_MODULE, .read = rk3288_leds_hal_read, .write = rk3288_leds_hal_write };
static struct cdev leds_cdev;
static int leds_create_device(void)
{
int ret = 0;
int err = 0;
cdev_init(&leds_cdev, &dev_fops);
leds_cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
if (major > 0)
{
dev_number = MKDEV(major, minor);
err = register_chrdev_region(dev_number, DEVICE_COUNT, DEVICE_NAME);
if (err < 0)
{
printk(KERN_WARNING "register_chrdev_region() failed\n");
return err;
}
}
else
{
err = alloc_chrdev_region(&leds_cdev.dev, 10, DEVICE_COUNT, DEVICE_NAME);
if (err < 0)
{
printk(KERN_WARING "alloc_chrdev_region() failed\n");
return err;
}
major = MAJOR(leds_cdev.dev);
minor = MINOR(leds_cdev.dev);
dev_number = leds_cdev.dev;
}
ret = cdev_add(&leds_cdev, dev_number, DEVICE_COUNT);
leds_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, DEVICE_NAME);
device_create(leds_class, NULL, dev_number, NULL, DEVICE_NAME);
return ret;
}
static int leds_init(void)
{
int ret;
ret = leds_create_device();
printk(DEVICE_NAME"\tinitalized\n");
printk(KERN_EMERG"test1fdddfs1t\n");
return ret;
}
static void leds_destroy_devoce(void)
{
device_destroy(leds_class, dev_number);
if (leds_class)
{
class_destroy(leds_class);
}
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_number, DEVICE_COUNT);
return;
}
static void leds_exit(void)
{
leds_destroy_device();
printk(DEVICE_NAME"\texit!\n");
}
module_init(leds_init);
module_exit(leds_ext);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Lutery");
三、 创建Kconfig文件,用于内核配置
config LEDHAL
tristate "Led For Hal"
help
Hellp Fore LedHal
四、 创建Makefile文件
obj-$(CONFIG_LEDHAL) += rk3288_leds_hal.o
五、 配置内核驱动Kconfig和Makefile文件
如果需要讲自己添加的驱动添加到内核里面,需要做其他额外的设置。找到kernel/drivers文件夹下载Kconfig文件,在内部添加如下代码
source "drivers/ledhal/Kconfig"
找到kernel/drivers文件夹下的Makefile文件,在里面添加如下代码
obj-y += ledhal/
完成如上之后,回到kernel文件夹下,输入如下命令:
make menuconfig
将需要添加的驱动以编译进内核的方式进行保存。
然后就可以在kernel文件夹下进行编译
//这段会将配置恢复初始配置,一般编译的时候不要输入
make firefly-rk3288_defconfig
make -j8 firefly-rk3288.img
六、 编译完成后就可以讲生成的kernel.img文件烧录到开发板上
原理##
问题##
在烧录过程中,可能会出现烧录成功但是没有生成驱动的问题,这个时候并不一定是驱动初始化运行出现问题,而是需要重新全部烧录一遍,也许可能会生效