语法基础第三节——简单句精华之主干--宾语和表语

2024-11-29  本文已影响0人  蝴蝶翼

宾语和表语

一、宾语的成分——代词、名词、 非谓语、从句

① 代词作宾语

The students admire her.

② 名词作宾语

Dayan receives a love letter.

③ 非谓语作宾语

Tiedan enjoys browsing TicToc.

④ 从句作宾语

We should believe that our desting is in our own hands.

小结:

① 宾语的成分——代词、名词、 非谓语、从句;

② 句子必须具备主谓成分,可以不需要宾语;

③ 宾语的成分和主语的成分一样,因为宾语和主语可以通过被动互换位置。


小试牛刀:

① 请问下面这句话是“主谓宾”的结构么?

He stood on the table.(他站在桌子上。)(on the table是介词短语作状语。)(主谓结构

② 我喜欢在重庆。

I like in Chongqing. (错误)

I like Chongqing.(主谓宾)

I like being /staying in Chongqing.(非谓语动词作宾语)

③ 我的儿子虽然才3岁,但是他已经懂得了善良和感恩。

My son is only 3 years old , but he already knows kind and grateful.(错误)

My son is only 3 years old , but he already knows kindness and gratitude.(名词作宾语)


二、表语的成分——名词(短语)、 代词、非谓语结构、形容词(短语)、副词、介词短语和从句

① 名词作表语

    I am a teacher.

    That remains a puzzle to me.

② 代词作表语

    Dayan is me.

③ 非谓语动词做表语

    My hobby is reading.

④ 从句作表语

    This is what Tiechui' mother said.

⑤ 形容词作表语

    Dayan keeps silent.

⑥ 介词和介词短语作表语

    The sun is up.

    Tiechui is not at home.

能作宾语的都能作表语,能作表语的比能作宾语的多了两个,一个是形容词,一个是介词和介词短语。


小试牛刀:

① 她看起来很消极。

    She looks negative.

 (形容词作表语)

② 我喜欢睡觉和美食,但是我的梦想是成功通过研究生考试。

    I like sleeping and eating , but my dream is to pass the postgraguate exam successfully.

  (第一句非谓语作宾语;第二句非谓语动词或动词不定式作表语)

③ 我的观点是努力是成功的必备因素。

    My argument is that hard work is essential to success.

  (从句作表语,表语从句引导词不可以省略)

④ 他的意图是在这个老人去世后继承一笔遗产。

    His intention was to inherit a fortune when the old man died. 

   (不定式作表语)

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