Spring的@PostConstruct和Aware接口实现原

2020-09-18  本文已影响0人  7d972d5e05e8

@PostConstruct是由CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类实现的。

一、CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor是什么时候加载进去的呢?

我们首先看到CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor是spring context下的包,说明是spring自带的类。我们就大胆猜想,它是spring的创世纪类,即internal类。我们怎么验证呢?我们知道spring自带的创世纪类是在下面的构造方法里面:

public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
        this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
        this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
    }

new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader的时候会调用:

AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);

里面有段代码会添加CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类:

// Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
        if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
            RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
            def.setSource(source);
            beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
        }

二、CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor怎么和@PostConstruct关联上的?

首先看下该类的无参构造方法:

public CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor() {
        setOrder(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 3);
        setInitAnnotationType(PostConstruct.class);
        setDestroyAnnotationType(PreDestroy.class);
        ignoreResourceType("javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext");
    }

这个无参构造方法肯定会在实例化该类的时候被调用。
看到里面有PostConstruct注解了吧。在详细看下setInitAnnotationType方法:

public void setInitAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> initAnnotationType) {
        this.initAnnotationType = initAnnotationType;
    }

会把PostConstruct.class赋值给initAnnotationType属性。这个属性所属的类为InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor,可以看到它实现了BeanPostProcessor接口。

我们就很容易猜想了,PostConstruct肯定在BeanPostProcessor的两个拓展方法其中一个被执行了。

三、验证BeanPostProcessor中哪个拓展方法调用了@PostConstruct注解

大不了我们看下InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类的这两个方法的实现:

@Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        LifecycleMetadata metadata = findLifecycleMetadata(bean.getClass());
        try {
            metadata.invokeInitMethods(bean, beanName);
        }
        catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex.getTargetException());
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Failed to invoke init method", ex);
        }
        return bean;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return bean;
    }

很明显postProcessAfterInitialization这个方法的实现直接返回bean,没做任何处理,排除。我们看下postProcessBeforeInitialization方法。里面有个findLifecycleMetadata方法得到metadata,然后调用invokeInitMethods。我们可以猜想出来,metadata肯定是一个method反射对象,然后通过反射调用该方法。是不是有可能findLifecycleMetadata方法,返回的就是@PostConstruct注解的方法呢?

private LifecycleMetadata findLifecycleMetadata(Class<?> clazz) {
        if (this.lifecycleMetadataCache == null) {
            // Happens after deserialization, during destruction...
            return buildLifecycleMetadata(clazz);
        }
        // Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
        LifecycleMetadata metadata = this.lifecycleMetadataCache.get(clazz);
        if (metadata == null) {
            synchronized (this.lifecycleMetadataCache) {
                metadata = this.lifecycleMetadataCache.get(clazz);
                if (metadata == null) {
                    metadata = buildLifecycleMetadata(clazz);
                    this.lifecycleMetadataCache.put(clazz, metadata);
                }
                return metadata;
            }
        }
        return metadata;
    }

核心方法在buildLifecycleMetadata:

private LifecycleMetadata buildLifecycleMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) {
        final boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
        LinkedList<LifecycleElement> initMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
        LinkedList<LifecycleElement> destroyMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
        Class<?> targetClass = clazz;

        do {
            final LinkedList<LifecycleElement> currInitMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
            final LinkedList<LifecycleElement> currDestroyMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();

            ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
                @Override
                public void doWith(Method method) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
                    if (initAnnotationType != null) {
                        if (method.getAnnotation(initAnnotationType) != null) {
                             // PostConstruct 赋值给了initAnnotationType,只要用@PostConstruct修饰的方法,必然会进来。
                            LifecycleElement element = new LifecycleElement(method);
                            currInitMethods.add(element);
                            if (debug) {
                                logger.debug("Found init method on class [" + clazz.getName() + "]: " + method);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (destroyAnnotationType != null) {
                        if (method.getAnnotation(destroyAnnotationType) != null) {
                            currDestroyMethods.add(new LifecycleElement(method));
                            if (debug) {
                                logger.debug("Found destroy method on class [" + clazz.getName() + "]: " + method);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            });

            initMethods.addAll(0, currInitMethods);
            destroyMethods.addAll(currDestroyMethods);
            targetClass = targetClass.getSuperclass();
        }
        while (targetClass != null && targetClass != Object.class);

        return new LifecycleMetadata(clazz, initMethods, destroyMethods);
    }

看到关键字ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(class,() -> doWith)了吗?遍历class所有的method,执行doWith方法。而doWith方法里面出现了最关键的initAnnotationType。是不是关联上了第二节说的那个方法了:

public void setInitAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> initAnnotationType) {
        // PostConstruct 赋值给了initAnnotationType
        this.initAnnotationType = initAnnotationType;
    }

最终,bean class所有用@PostConstruct注解修饰的方法,都会被返回给第三节中的findLifecycleMetadata方法。如下:

@Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        LifecycleMetadata metadata = findLifecycleMetadata(bean.getClass());
        try {
            metadata.invokeInitMethods(bean, beanName);
        }
        catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex.getTargetException());
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Failed to invoke init method", ex);
        }
        return bean;
    }

我们看下metadata.invokeInitMethods方法。

public void invokeInitMethods(Object target, String beanName) throws Throwable {
            Collection<LifecycleElement> initMethodsToIterate =
                    (this.checkedInitMethods != null ? this.checkedInitMethods : this.initMethods);
            if (!initMethodsToIterate.isEmpty()) {
                boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
                for (LifecycleElement element : initMethodsToIterate) {
                    if (debug) {
                        logger.debug("Invoking init method on bean '" + beanName + "': " + element.getMethod());
                    }
                    element.invoke(target);
                }
            }
        }

element.invoke(target)不就是method.invoke(object)嘛~

四、知道@PostConstruct怎么被调用了,那它什么时候被调用呢?

上节我们已经知道了@PostConstruct被类CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor的构造函数添加进去的,该类继承了InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor。而它又实现了BeanPostProcessor接口,并且实现在postProcessBeforeInitialization方法里面。

我们都知道postProcessBeforeInitialization方法是在doCreatedBean的initializeBean的applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization方法里面。如下:

@Override
    public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
            throws BeansException {

        Object result = existingBean;
        for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
            result = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
            if (result == null) {
                return result;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization方法,可不就有CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor嘛~因为它是spring的创世纪类,由第一节中的spring自动加载进去。

所以我们这里可以知道初始化bean的时候(参考initializeBean方法的实现),那几个初始化方法的执行顺序了。

invokeAwareMethods -> postProcessBeforeInitialization(ApplicationContextAwareProcessor会执行剩下的aware方法) -> afterPropertiesSet -> initMethod -> postProcessAfterInitialization(AOP)

Spring的Aware接口实现原理

aware其实就是spring的回调方法,用来在某一个生命周期阶段,调用用户的回调方法。

比如:我们创建一个bean实现ApplicationContextAware接口,该接口只有一个方法:setApplicationContext。那么我们的bean既然实现了该接口,必须重写该方法,这个时候我们就可以在这个bean里面定义一个容器,来接收spring回调给我们的ApplicationContext容器。这样,咱们就可以拿到整个spring容器了。

再比如:我们创建一个bean实现BeanNameAware接口,那么spring会在特殊生命周期阶段回调咱们的bean的setBeanName。我们同样也可以定义一个String成员属性来接收这个beanName。

所以,aware接口给了程序员可以让spring回调我们业务的口子。比如:我们自己实现一个demoAware。由于demoAware并没有被spring预先硬编码进去,所以想要spring回调demoAware的实现类,我们可以看考ApplicationContextAwareProcessor。咱们可以实现BeanPostProcessor,在postProcessBeforeInitialization或者postProcessAfterInitialization的方法里面,调用invokeAwareInterfaces方法。是不是很灵活!!!

上一篇下一篇

猜你喜欢

热点阅读