Spring的@PostConstruct和Aware接口实现原
@PostConstruct是由CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类实现的。
一、CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor是什么时候加载进去的呢?
我们首先看到CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor是spring context下的包,说明是spring自带的类。我们就大胆猜想,它是spring的创世纪类,即internal类。我们怎么验证呢?我们知道spring自带的创世纪类是在下面的构造方法里面:
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
}
new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader的时候会调用:
AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);
里面有段代码会添加CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类:
// Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
二、CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor怎么和@PostConstruct关联上的?
首先看下该类的无参构造方法:
public CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor() {
setOrder(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 3);
setInitAnnotationType(PostConstruct.class);
setDestroyAnnotationType(PreDestroy.class);
ignoreResourceType("javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext");
}
这个无参构造方法肯定会在实例化该类的时候被调用。
看到里面有PostConstruct注解了吧。在详细看下setInitAnnotationType方法:
public void setInitAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> initAnnotationType) {
this.initAnnotationType = initAnnotationType;
}
会把PostConstruct.class赋值给initAnnotationType属性。这个属性所属的类为InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor,可以看到它实现了BeanPostProcessor接口。
我们就很容易猜想了,PostConstruct肯定在BeanPostProcessor的两个拓展方法其中一个被执行了。
三、验证BeanPostProcessor中哪个拓展方法调用了@PostConstruct注解
大不了我们看下InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor类的这两个方法的实现:
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
LifecycleMetadata metadata = findLifecycleMetadata(bean.getClass());
try {
metadata.invokeInitMethods(bean, beanName);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex.getTargetException());
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Failed to invoke init method", ex);
}
return bean;
}
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
很明显postProcessAfterInitialization这个方法的实现直接返回bean,没做任何处理,排除。我们看下postProcessBeforeInitialization方法。里面有个findLifecycleMetadata方法得到metadata,然后调用invokeInitMethods。我们可以猜想出来,metadata肯定是一个method反射对象,然后通过反射调用该方法。是不是有可能findLifecycleMetadata方法,返回的就是@PostConstruct注解的方法呢?
private LifecycleMetadata findLifecycleMetadata(Class<?> clazz) {
if (this.lifecycleMetadataCache == null) {
// Happens after deserialization, during destruction...
return buildLifecycleMetadata(clazz);
}
// Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
LifecycleMetadata metadata = this.lifecycleMetadataCache.get(clazz);
if (metadata == null) {
synchronized (this.lifecycleMetadataCache) {
metadata = this.lifecycleMetadataCache.get(clazz);
if (metadata == null) {
metadata = buildLifecycleMetadata(clazz);
this.lifecycleMetadataCache.put(clazz, metadata);
}
return metadata;
}
}
return metadata;
}
核心方法在buildLifecycleMetadata:
private LifecycleMetadata buildLifecycleMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) {
final boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
LinkedList<LifecycleElement> initMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
LinkedList<LifecycleElement> destroyMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
Class<?> targetClass = clazz;
do {
final LinkedList<LifecycleElement> currInitMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
final LinkedList<LifecycleElement> currDestroyMethods = new LinkedList<LifecycleElement>();
ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Method method) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
if (initAnnotationType != null) {
if (method.getAnnotation(initAnnotationType) != null) {
// PostConstruct 赋值给了initAnnotationType,只要用@PostConstruct修饰的方法,必然会进来。
LifecycleElement element = new LifecycleElement(method);
currInitMethods.add(element);
if (debug) {
logger.debug("Found init method on class [" + clazz.getName() + "]: " + method);
}
}
}
if (destroyAnnotationType != null) {
if (method.getAnnotation(destroyAnnotationType) != null) {
currDestroyMethods.add(new LifecycleElement(method));
if (debug) {
logger.debug("Found destroy method on class [" + clazz.getName() + "]: " + method);
}
}
}
}
});
initMethods.addAll(0, currInitMethods);
destroyMethods.addAll(currDestroyMethods);
targetClass = targetClass.getSuperclass();
}
while (targetClass != null && targetClass != Object.class);
return new LifecycleMetadata(clazz, initMethods, destroyMethods);
}
看到关键字ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(class,() -> doWith)了吗?遍历class所有的method,执行doWith方法。而doWith方法里面出现了最关键的initAnnotationType。是不是关联上了第二节说的那个方法了:
public void setInitAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> initAnnotationType) {
// PostConstruct 赋值给了initAnnotationType
this.initAnnotationType = initAnnotationType;
}
最终,bean class所有用@PostConstruct注解修饰的方法,都会被返回给第三节中的findLifecycleMetadata方法。如下:
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
LifecycleMetadata metadata = findLifecycleMetadata(bean.getClass());
try {
metadata.invokeInitMethods(bean, beanName);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex.getTargetException());
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Failed to invoke init method", ex);
}
return bean;
}
我们看下metadata.invokeInitMethods方法。
public void invokeInitMethods(Object target, String beanName) throws Throwable {
Collection<LifecycleElement> initMethodsToIterate =
(this.checkedInitMethods != null ? this.checkedInitMethods : this.initMethods);
if (!initMethodsToIterate.isEmpty()) {
boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
for (LifecycleElement element : initMethodsToIterate) {
if (debug) {
logger.debug("Invoking init method on bean '" + beanName + "': " + element.getMethod());
}
element.invoke(target);
}
}
}
element.invoke(target)不就是method.invoke(object)嘛~
四、知道@PostConstruct怎么被调用了,那它什么时候被调用呢?
上节我们已经知道了@PostConstruct被类CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor的构造函数添加进去的,该类继承了InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor。而它又实现了BeanPostProcessor接口,并且实现在postProcessBeforeInitialization方法里面。
我们都知道postProcessBeforeInitialization方法是在doCreatedBean的initializeBean的applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization方法里面。如下:
@Override
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
Object result = existingBean;
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
result = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
if (result == null) {
return result;
}
}
return result;
}
beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization方法,可不就有CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor嘛~因为它是spring的创世纪类,由第一节中的spring自动加载进去。
所以我们这里可以知道初始化bean的时候(参考initializeBean方法的实现),那几个初始化方法的执行顺序了。
invokeAwareMethods -> postProcessBeforeInitialization(ApplicationContextAwareProcessor会执行剩下的aware方法) -> afterPropertiesSet -> initMethod -> postProcessAfterInitialization(AOP)
Spring的Aware接口实现原理
aware其实就是spring的回调方法,用来在某一个生命周期阶段,调用用户的回调方法。
比如:我们创建一个bean实现ApplicationContextAware接口,该接口只有一个方法:setApplicationContext。那么我们的bean既然实现了该接口,必须重写该方法,这个时候我们就可以在这个bean里面定义一个容器,来接收spring回调给我们的ApplicationContext容器。这样,咱们就可以拿到整个spring容器了。
再比如:我们创建一个bean实现BeanNameAware接口,那么spring会在特殊生命周期阶段回调咱们的bean的setBeanName。我们同样也可以定义一个String成员属性来接收这个beanName。
所以,aware接口给了程序员可以让spring回调我们业务的口子。比如:我们自己实现一个demoAware。由于demoAware并没有被spring预先硬编码进去,所以想要spring回调demoAware的实现类,我们可以看考ApplicationContextAwareProcessor。咱们可以实现BeanPostProcessor,在postProcessBeforeInitialization或者postProcessAfterInitialization的方法里面,调用invokeAwareInterfaces方法。是不是很灵活!!!