Spring Core -- IOC控制反转源码解析

2019-09-25  本文已影响0人  minute_5
这篇文章主要对Core包中的流程进行梳理,注解。

其中包括各个主要类之间的联系,以及对实现Bean解析的Refresh()、createBean()、getBean()方法的剖析。

Core包中类关系

SpringCore架构图.jpg

refresh方法解析

    @Override
    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            //准备所有需要初始化的资源
            // 1. 设定开始时间
            // 2. 初始化配置文件 -- 空实现,默认不作处理
            // 3. 添加环境中没有的配置
            // 4. 保存应用监听器
            // 5. 初始化earlyApplicationEvents,在multicaster可用时发布事件
            prepareRefresh();

            // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
            // 1. 销毁所有单例Beans,关闭当前工厂
            // 2. 新建DefaultListableBeanFactory工厂并设置
            // 3. loadBeanDefinitions方法加载BeanDefinitions到工厂
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            // 1. 让工厂使用环境类的类加载器,添加Spring EL解析器,添加配置编辑器注册商(其为PropertyEditor注册器数组,它的职责是用来注册PropertyEditor,而PropertyEditor可以定义如何解析配置,比如将2019-08-18解析成java.util.date.class)
            // 2. 添加ApplicationContextAwareProcessor到工厂,主要用于在bean创建时,实例化后,初始化前,检查bean上是否实现了某个Aware接口,有的话做相应调用。
            // 3. 忽略EnvironmentAware、EmbeddedValueResolverAware、ResourceLoaderAware、ApplicationEventPublisherAware、MessageSourceAware、ApplicationContextAware接口自动注入的依赖。这里解释一下为什么要忽略这些注入:Spring自动创建Bean,但Bean是无状态的,也就是说Bean不知道Spring容器BeanFactory的任何信息,包括Bean自己的名称name,Spring这样做的目的是为了Spring容器和Bean的解耦。那么如果Bean要想定制化的做一些操作,就必须要获取BeanFactory中的信息,在Spring Bean的生命周期中我们都知道实现一些列接口去观察Bean创建过程中的一些信息。所以我们在创建Bean的过程中通过实现一些接口的方式去获取BeanDefinition信息。但这里我们需要正常实例化一个Bean并不需要去拿到这些信息,所以忽略掉这些接口。
            // 4. 建立一些没有注册到工厂中的自动装配Bean映射关联关系(BeanFactory、ResourceLoader、ApplicationEventPublisher、ApplicationContext) 即:有些对象并不在BeanFactory中,但是我们依然想让它们可以被装配。
            // 5. 添加ApplicationListenerDetector到工厂,用于探测是应用监听器的内部Bean
            // 6. 判断是否包含了类加载时期的代码织入(AspectJ)。包含则添加LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(用于给LoadTimeWeaverAware Bean添加loadTimeWeaver类)到工厂
            // 7. 不存在则注册环境、系统配置、系统环境Bean到工厂
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                // 允许子类在所有的bean尚未初始化之前注册BeanPostProcessor,空实现且没有子类覆盖。
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                // 允许我们在bean正式初始化之前改变其值。有两种方式:
                // 通过代码的方式:context.addBeanFactoryPostProcessor
                // 通过xml配置的方式:<bean class="base.SimpleBeanFactoryPostProcessor" />
                // 具体怎么实现的这里不赘诉了,主要源码在PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate中,通过使用BeanFactory的getBeanNamesForType方法获取相应的BeanDefinition的name数组,之后逐一调用getBean方法获取到bean(初始化),这里有一个优先级的概念,如果你的BeanFactoryPostProcessor同时实现了Ordered或者是PriorityOrdered接口,那么会被首先执行。下面registerBeanPostProcessors也是一样的
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                // 简述一下就是在BeanDefinitions中寻找BeanPostProcessor,之后调用BeanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor方法保存在一个List中,添加的时侯有优先级的概念,优先级高的在前面。
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Initialize message source for this context.
                // 初始化国际化资源
                // 1. 如果工厂包含messageSource Bean,就调用getBean方法完成其初始化并将其保存在AbstractApplicationContext内部messageSource成员变量中,用来处理getMessage调用。此处使用了委托模式。
                // 2. 如果没有配置此bean,那么初始化一个DelegatingMessageSource对象,使用一个空实现用以处理getMessage调用请求。
                initMessageSource();

                // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
                // 1. 在BeanFactory中寻找ApplicationEventMulticaster的bean,如果找到,那么调用getBean方法将其初始化,同样这里将applicationEventMulticaster保存在变量中,并使用委托模式来处理调用publishEvent时,对委托对象的multicastEvent方法的间接调用。
                // 2. 如果找不到那么使用SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster。
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                // 模版方法,允许子类在进行bean初始化之前进行一些定制操作。默认空实现。
                onRefresh();

                // Check for listener beans and register them.
                // 1. 添加当前AbstractAppContext环境的应用监听器到ApplicationEventMulticaster中
                // 2. 存储所有Bean名称到AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster内部类istenerRetriever.applicationListenerBeans属性中
                // 3. 发布early application events,如果不为空
                registerListeners();

                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                // 1. 如果包含conversionService Bean那么就设置ConversionService(其作用和PropertyEditor一致都是转换用)到工厂
                // 2. 如果不包含embeddedValueResolver(用于解析注解的值),设置默认值
                // 3. 初始化LoadTimeWeaverAware Bean,用以能完成转译类
                // 4. 停止使用临时类加载器,冻结且缓存工厂配置不允许修改,
                // 5. 初始化所有预加载的单例Bean
                //   1. 通过beanDefinitionNames遍历beans
                //   2. 如果当前遍历的bean不是抽象、不是懒加载、是单例的那么就判断当前bean是否是FactoryBean,如果是就给每个bean加上前缀“&”,并通过getBean初始化bean,如果此bean是FactoryBean类型还是SmartFactoryBean类型,那么需要判断是否需要eagerInit马上进行初始化。
                //   3. 如果当前bean不是FactoryBean,就直接调用getBean进行初始化
                //   4. 待遍历所有bean初始化完成后还需要遍历所有是SmartInitializingSingleton类型的bean来触发该类型接口的afterSingletonsInstantiated方法。(这里的应用场景主要是在所有单例 bean 创建完成之后,可以在该回调中做一些事情。)
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                // 1. 清理资源缓存
                // 2. 如果存在初始化生命周期处理器,则创建lifecycleProcessor bean,否则创建默认的DefaultLifecycleProcessor bean
                // 3. 委托给LifecycleProcessor去调用所有实现了SmartLifecycle bean的start方法 (这里SmartLifecycle的使用场景主要是在Spring加载和初始化所有bean后,接着执行一些任务或者启动需要的异步服务)
                // 4. 发布最后的消息
                // 5. 将环境注册到LiveBeansView:如果存在spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain配置则注册LiveBeansView到MBeanServer中(其实现了LiveBeansViewMBean接口的getSnapshotAsJson,主要用于将环境转换为json)
                finishRefresh();
            }

            catch (BeansException ex) {
                if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
                }

                // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
                destroyBeans();

                // Reset 'active' flag.
                cancelRefresh(ex);

                // Propagate exception to caller.
                throw ex;
            }

            finally {
                // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
                // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
                resetCommonCaches();
            }
        }
    }

CreateBean -- 创建Bean实例解析

    // 先说一下createBean
    // 经过resolveBeforeInstantiation方法后,如果创建了代理(即重写了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法并且在方法中改变了bean)直接返回即可,否则进行常规bean的创建
    @Override
    AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args){
        
    }

    // 常规执行创建bean的逻辑
    // 这里BeanWrapper相当于一个代理器,Spring委托BeanWrapper完成Bean属性的填充工作。在Bean实例被InstantiatioonStrategy创建出来之后,容器主控程序将Bean实例通过BeanWrapper包装起来
    protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args){
        //Instantiate the bean
        BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
        if(mbd.isSingleton()){
            // 清理缓存中的bean
            instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
        }
        if(instanceWrapper == null){
            // 使用对应的策略创建新的实例:工厂方法,构造函数自动注入,简单初始化
            instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName,mbd,args);
        }
        final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
        Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
        if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
            mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
        }
        
        // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
        synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
            if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
                try {
                    // MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor接口是在合并处理Bean定义的时候的回调
                    // 这儿方法是将MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor应用到这个特定的bean定义上
                    applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
                }
                catch (Throwable ex) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                            "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
                }
                mbd.postProcessed = true;
            }
        }
        
        //是否需要提前曝光:单例&允许循环依赖&bean正在创建
        boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
        
        if(earlySingletonExposure){
                addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory(){public Object getObject() throws BeansException{
                //对bean再一次依赖引用,主要引用SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,
                //AOP就是在这里将advice动态织入bean中,若没有直接返回bean.
                return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName,mbd,bean);
                }});
        }

        // Initialize the bean instance.
        Object exposedObject = bean;
        try {
            //对bean进行填充,将各个属性值注入,可能存在依赖于其他bean的属性,递归依赖bean
            populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
            //调用初始化方法 如 init-method
            exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
                throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
            }
            else {
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                        mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
            }
        }

        if(earlySingletonExposure){
            Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName,false);
            // 如果有循环依赖
            if(earlySingletonReference != null){
                //没有被代理增强
                if(exposedObject == bean){
                    exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
                }else if(!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)){
                    String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
                    Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
                    for(String dependentBean : dependentBeans){
                        //检测依赖
                        if(!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)){
                            actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
                        }
                    }
        
                    //如果actualDependentBeans不为空表示当前bean创建后其依赖的bean却没有创建完,说明存在循环依赖
                    if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
                        throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
                                "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
                                StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
                                "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
                                "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
                                "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
                                "'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
                }
            }
        }
        
        try{
            //注册为一次性可销毁的bean
            registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName,bean,mbd);
        }catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
        }
        return exposedObject;
    }

GetBean -- 解析Bean的初始化

        // 重点解析Bean的初始化 -- getBean(name) 为例
        @Override
        public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
            return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
        }

        // 四个参数:第一个为传入的beanName,第二个为bean的Class类型,第三个表示创建bean需要的参数,最后一个表示不需要进行类型检查。
        protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
                @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

            // 将是factoryBean的名称去掉 之前加的 “&” 符号
            final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
            Object bean;

            // 1. 检测是不是Spring手动注册的那些单例bean
            // 2. 如果是,那么再检测是不是工厂bean,如果是返回其工厂方法返回的实例,如果不是返回bean本身。
            // Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
            Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
            if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                        logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
                                "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
                    }
                    else {
                        logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
                    }
                }
                bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
            }

            else {
                // Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
                // We're assumably within a circular reference.
                if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                    throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
                }

                // 如果父容器存在,并且存在此bean定义,那么交由其父容器初始化bean
                // Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
                BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
                if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
                    // Not found -> check parent.
                    // 将是factoryBean的name前加上 “&” ,因为在父容器中又会再次进行这个转换操作,所以这里还需要加上 &
                    String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
                    if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
                        return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
                                nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
                    }
                    // 下面都是交给父容器去加载
                    else if (args != null) {
                        // Delegation to parent with explicit args.
                        return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
                    }
                    else if (requiredType != null) {
                        // No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
                        return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
                    }
                    else {
                        return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
                    }
                }

                // 这里使用了synchronized的双重校验来将这个beanName加入到alreadyCreated中,用以防止有其他进程在同一时间创建
                if (!typeCheckOnly) {
                    markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
                }

                try {
                    // 获取到具有父子关系的bean定义的根节点
                    final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
                    checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

                    // 拿到这个bean所依赖的所有bean定义根节点,并递归调用初始化它们
                    // Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
                    String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
                    if (dependsOn != null) {
                        for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                            // registerDependentBean进行了依赖关系的注册,这么做的原因是Spring在即进行bean销毁的时候会首先销毁被依赖的bean。依赖关系的保存是通过一个ConcurrentHashMap<String, Set>完成的,key是bean名字。
                            if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
                                throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                        "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
                            }
                            registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
                            try {
                                // getBean方法是包括了所有scope的初始化的
                                getBean(dep);
                            }
                            catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                                throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                        "'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // Create bean instance.
                    if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                        // 
                        // 1. getSingleton首先会尝试去获取这个Bean
                        // 2. 然后判断是否为空,是否正在创建中,如果是则跳过,直接返回获取到的Bean
                        // 3. 如果都没有,则尝试createBean去创建Bean
                        // 4. 然后就是一些收尾工作,把Bean加到singletonObjects中
                        sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
                            try {
                                return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                            }
                            catch (BeansException ex) {
                                // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
                                // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
                                // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
                                destroySingleton(beanName);
                                throw ex;
                            }
                        });
                        bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                    }

                    else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
                        // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
                        Object prototypeInstance = null;
                        try {
                            // 确保在同一时刻只有一个Bean在初始化
                            beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                            prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                        }
                        finally {
                            // 标记此bean已经没有处于实例化时段了
                            afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        }
                        bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                    }
                    // 其余诸如:request、session这样的Scope的初始化,这里就和前面的单例初始化比较雷同,不讲了
                    else {
                        String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
                        final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
                        if (scope == null) {
                            throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
                        }
                        try {
                            Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                                beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                                try {
                                    return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                                }
                                finally {
                                    afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                                }
                            });
                            bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                        }
                        catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                            throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                                    "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
                                    "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
                                    ex);
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (BeansException ex) {
                    cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
                    throw ex;
                }
            }

            // Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
            if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
                try {
                    T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
                    if (convertedBean == null) {
                        throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
                    }
                    return convertedBean;
                }
                catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
                    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                        logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                                ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
                    }
                    throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
                }
            }
            return (T) bean;
    }
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