懂你英语 Level4-Unit 3 1/4 vocabular

The government of a country is a control system. Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.

The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory. A country’s territory has boundaries or borders. When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.

A country’s military provides defense for its territory and its citizens. The military includes an army, an air force and a navy. The main purpose of a military is to defend a country from attack.

A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons. Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.

A country social services system provides support to people in need. It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.

Anarchy n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序  autocracy n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体

Oligarchy n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家

A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government. In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.

An autocracy is the simplest form of government. In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat. Whether or not an autocracy is successful depends on the character and ability of the leader.

In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government. Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.

In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens. The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution. A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow. This limits the power of a government. A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.