0010-Hive多分隔符支持示例
2018-12-18 本文已影响0人
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1 问题描述
如何将多个字符作为字段分割符的数据文件加载到Hive表中，事例数据如下：
字段分隔符为“@#$”
test1@#$test1name@#$test2value
test2@#$test2name@#$test2value
test3@#$test3name@#$test4value
如何将上述事例数据加载到Hive表(multi_delimiter_test)中，表结构如下：
| 字段名 | 字段类型 |
|---|---|
| s1 | String |
| s2 | String |
| s3 | String |
2 Hive多分隔符支持
Hive在0.14及以后版本支持字段的多分隔符，参考：MultiDelimitSerDe
3 实现方式
- 测试环境说明
测试环境为CDH5.11.1
Hive版本为1.1.0
操作系统为RedHat6.5
- 操作步骤
1.准备多分隔符文件并装载到HDFS对应目录
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141 ~]$ cat multi_delimiter_test.dat
test1@#$test1name@#$test2value
test2@#$test2name@#$test2value
test3@#$test3name@#$test4value
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141 ~]$ hadoop dfs -put multi_delimiter_test.dat /fayson/multi_delimiter_test
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141 ~]$ hadoop dfs -ls /fayson/multi_delimiter_test
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r-- 3 user_r supergroup 93 2017-08-23 03:24 /fayson/multi_delimiter_test/multi_delimiter_test.dat
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-8-141 ~]$
2.基于准备好的多分隔符文件建表
create external table multi_delimiter_test(
s1 string,
s2 string,
s3 string)
ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe' WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ("field.delim"="@#$")
stored as textfile location '/fayson/multi_delimiter_test';
3.测试
2: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default> select * from multi_delimiter_test;
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+--+
| multi_delimiter_test.s1 | multi_delimiter_test.s2 | multi_delimiter_test.s3 |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+--+
| test1 | test1name | test2value |
| test2 | test2name | test2value |
| test3 | test3name | test4value |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+--+
2: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default> select count(*) from multi_delimiter_test;
INFO : Ended Job = job_1503469952834_0006
INFO : MapReduce Jobs Launched:
INFO : Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1 Reduce: 1 Cumulative CPU: 3.25 sec HDFS Read: 6755 HDFS Write: 2 SUCCESS
INFO : Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 3 seconds 250 msec
INFO : Completed executing command(queryId=hive_20170823041818_ce58aae2-e6db-4eed-b6af-652235a6e66a); Time taken: 33.286 seconds
INFO : OK
+------+--+
| _c0 |
+------+--+
| 3 |
+------+--+
1 row selected (33.679 seconds)
2: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/def
4 常见问题
1.执行count查询时报错
- 异常日志
通过beeline执行count查询时报错
2: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default> select count(*) from multi_delimiter_test;
INFO : Compiling command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97): select count(*) from multi_delimiter_test
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:_c0, type:bigint, comment:null)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97); Time taken: 0.291 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97): select count(*) from multi_delimiter_test
INFO : Query ID = hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97
INFO : Total jobs = 1
INFO : Launching Job 1 out of 1
INFO : Starting task [Stage-1:MAPRED] in serial mode
INFO : Number of reduce tasks determined at compile time: 1
INFO : In order to change the average load for a reducer (in bytes):
INFO : set hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=<number>
INFO : In order to limit the maximum number of reducers:
INFO : set hive.exec.reducers.max=<number>
INFO : In order to set a constant number of reducers:
INFO : set mapreduce.job.reduces=<number>
INFO : number of splits:1
INFO : Submitting tokens for job: job_1503469952834_0002
INFO : Kind: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN, Service: ha-hdfs:nameservice1, Ident: (token for hive: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN owner=hive/ip-172-31-8-141.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal@CLOUDERA.COM, renewer=yarn, realUser=, issueDate=1503475160778, maxDate=1504079960778, sequenceNumber=27, masterKeyId=9)
INFO : The url to track the job: http://ip-172-31-9-186.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal:8088/proxy/application_1503469952834_0002/
INFO : Starting Job = job_1503469952834_0002, Tracking URL = http://ip-172-31-9-186.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal:8088/proxy/application_1503469952834_0002/
INFO : Kill Command = /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-5.10.2-1.cdh5.10.2.p0.5/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop job -kill job_1503469952834_0002
INFO : Hadoop job information for Stage-1: number of mappers: 1; number of reducers: 1
INFO : 2017-08-23 03:59:32,039 Stage-1 map = 0%, reduce = 0%
INFO : 2017-08-23 04:00:08,106 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 100%
ERROR : Ended Job = job_1503469952834_0002 with errors
ERROR : FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask
INFO : MapReduce Jobs Launched:
INFO : Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1 Reduce: 1 HDFS Read: 0 HDFS Write: 0 FAIL
INFO : Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 0 msec
INFO : Completed executing command(queryId=hive_20170823035959_f1b11a9b-757d-4d9b-b8a7-6d4ab1c00a97); Time taken: 48.737 seconds
Error: Error while processing statement: FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask (state=08S01,code=2)
使用Hive的shell操作报错如下
Error: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error in configuring object
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:109)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:75)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:133)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runOldMapper(MapTask.java:449)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:343)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild$2.run(YarnChild.java:164)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1920)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild.main(YarnChild.java:158)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:106)
... 9 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error in configuring object
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:109)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setConf(ReflectionUtils.java:75)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:133)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapRunner.configure(MapRunner.java:38)
... 14 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.setJobConf(ReflectionUtils.java:106)
... 17 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Map operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.ExecMapper.configure(ExecMapper.java:147)
... 22 more
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe not found
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapOperator.getConvertedOI(MapOperator.java:323)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapOperator.setChildren(MapOperator.java:333)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.ExecMapper.configure(ExecMapper.java:116)
... 22 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe not found
at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:2105)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.PartitionDesc.getDeserializer(PartitionDesc.java:140)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapOperator.getConvertedOI(MapOperator.java:297)
... 24 more
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask
MapReduce Jobs Launched:
Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1 Reduce: 1 HDFS Read: 0 HDFS Write: 0 FAIL
Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 0 ms
- 问题原因分析
org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.MultiDelimitSerDe类是hive-contrib.jar包里。
在执行非聚合类操作查询时，sql能正常执行，在进行聚合类函数操作时报错，说明在执行MapReduce任务时缺少jar依赖包；MapReduce属于yarn作业，所以yarn运行环境缺少hive-contrib.jar的依赖包。
- 解决方法
在CDH集群的所有节点一下操作，将hive-contrib-1.1.0-cdh5.10.2.jar包拷贝到yarn的lib目录下
sudo scp -r /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hive/lib/hive-contrib-1.1.0-cdh5.10.2.jar /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop-yarn/lib/
重新运行count语句，执行成功
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