Interaction design principles
交互设计规范
总结起来主要是4个方面：信息，手，驾驶任务，不分神
关于信息：确保2秒内看到信息后注意力回到路上，系统反馈时间，驾驶信息展示
关于手：可单手操作，语音，简化语音
关于驾驶任务：速度必须可控，驾驶任务优先级，非驾驶任务低优先级，声音优先级
关于别分神：避免用到手脚的行为，避免无关的视觉信息
翻译转自安卓官网：https://designguidelines.withgoogle.com/automotive-os-apps/design-for-driving/overview.html
Interaction design principles
Keep information current and glanceable
信息通用&可通揽
驾驶中不离手
驾驶任务优先级
别分神
Keep information current and glanceable
To minimize the time drivers spend looking away from the road, onscreen information needs to be up-to-date and easy to understand at a glance. To keep information current and glanceable, follow these principles:
尽量减少驾驶员视线离开公路的时间，屏幕上的信息需要在看到的一瞬间保持最新，并且容易理解。保持信息通用&可通览的规则如下：
- Convey tasks & states at a glance- 在看的一瞬间传达任务&状态
Drivers need to quickly understand tasks or system states by glancing at the screen. They should be able to read the content within 2 seconds and return their focus to the road.
驾驶员需要在看屏幕的一瞬间快速的理解任务or系统状态。他们应该在2秒钟内读到内容，并且注意力要回到路上。
Rationale 原理
To minimize the time and mental effort required by glances at the screen, make all communication during driving as clear and efficient as possible.
尽量减少在看屏幕时一瞬间的时间和需要复杂的理解，在驾驶中尽可能高效和清晰的交流
- Provide quick responses- 提供快速的回应
Make sure that system response times after user input – for example, the time between a tap and the resulting ripple animation – do not exceed 0.25 seconds. If content takes more than 2 seconds to load, a spinner or similar interface change should indicate that the device is responding.
确保系统给予用户的反馈时间。例如，在点击和波纹动画间的时间-不要超过0.25秒。如果内容的加载超过了2秒，下拉列表或者相似的界面改变应该标明出设备在回应中。
Rationale:
Meaningful, glanceable changes in the interface help drivers understand that the system registered their input and is working properly.
界面上有含义的，可概览的改变可以帮助驾驶员理解他们在系统中的输入后的回应和可能的工作
- Provide timely, accurate driving information- 提供及时的，精准的驾驶信息
Show relevant driving-task information immediately and accurately under normal driving conditions. Display any malfunction or safety status in real time.
在普通驾驶条件下，快速精确地显示相应的驾驶任务信息。及时的展示任何故障和安全状态
Rationale:
Drivers rely on accurate, time-sensitive driving and safety information to navigate properly and avoid hazards.
驾驶员依赖于精准的，时效性的驾驶，也依赖于有安全的信息进行引航和避免危险。
Safe driving requires that drivers keep their hands on the wheel as much as possible. To encourage hands-on driving, follow these principles:
安全驾驶要求驾驶员尽肯能保证手握方向盘。鼓励手持驾驶的规范如下：
Use one-handed gestures
单手手势操作
No operation should require removal of both hands from the steering wheel. Gestures (such as waving to interact with the system) should require only one hand and should not require any maneuvers that could negatively impact operation of the vehicle.
没有任何操作要就同时两只手离开方向盘。手势（例如挥手）应该只要求单手，不应该要求任何对汽车操作不好的任何演示
Rationale:
One hand should always remain on the steering wheel. No tasks should interfere with the driver’s ability to control the vehicle and respond quickly to events on the road.
原理：有一只手应该总是保持在方向盘上。没有任何任务可以干扰驾驶员控制汽车，和在路上快速处理事件。
Allow hands-free speech interface
允许解放双手的语音界面
Speech-based communication systems should permit hands-free speaking and listening. Starting, ending, or interrupting a spoken dialog, however, can be done manually.
基于语音的交流系统应该允许不需要手操作的讲话和听。开始，结束，或者打断一个说出的对话，可以手动被结束。
Rationale:
Reduce visual and manual distraction. Simple voice-driven interfaces make minimal visual and manual demands on the driver and help the driver focus on the road.
原理：减少视觉和手动分散注意力。简单的语言操作界面可以减少驾驶中的视觉和手动操作，以帮助驾驶员在路上集中注意力
Simplify voice interactions
简化语音界面
Design multistep voice interactions carefully to minimize driver distraction.
多步骤的语音交互对分散驾驶员的注意力没有帮助
Rationale:
Even hands-free voice interactions require cognitive processing and can reduce attention to road-scanning and other driving tasks.
原理：语音交互也是要求认知过程的，能减少浏览路况的注意力和其他的驾驶任务
The most important tasks a driver performs are those related to driving – everything else must be secondary. To help drivers stay focused on driving tasks as their top priority, follow these principles:
驾驶员最重要的操作就是驾驶，其他任何事情都是其次的。帮助驾驶员把驾驶任务作为第一优先级需要遵循以下规范：
Allow driver to control pace
允许用户控制速度
Interaction sequences should be interruptible and resumable at logical points. The driver should control pacing.
在逻辑层面上，交互的顺序应该是可以被打断和重新开始的。用户应该可控速度。
Rationale:
Because demands on drivers can be unpredictable, interfaces must allow them to suspend interaction at any point. This way, they can refocus attention on driving without feeling that they must hurry to complete a task.
原理：因为驾驶员的要求是不可被预测的，界面必须允许在任何时候被暂停。这样他们就可以重新集中注意力在驾驶上，而不是紧急的完成一个任务。
Prioritize driving-related tasks
相关驾驶任务的优先级
Information needed for driving and safe vehicle control (such as navigation directions) should be prioritized over information unrelated to driving (such as media titles).
所有与车辆驾驶的信息和安全信息（比如导航方向）应该比非驾驶信息的优先级低（比如媒体信息）
Rationale:
Information should be prioritized based on its role in supporting driving tasks.
原理：信息的优先级基于驾驶任务的优先级
Consider non-driving content carefully
要小心非驾驶内容
Information unrelated to driving (such as ads, social media content, web page content, books, periodicals, email, and subscription alerts) should be carefully considered to minimize driver distraction.
非驾驶信息（如广告，社交内容，网页内容，书籍，期刊，邮件，订阅提醒）应该非常谨慎的被考虑，降低这些对于分散驾驶员的注意力。
Rationale:
Non-driving-related information may visually or cognitively distract the driver unless it can be absorbed with a quick glance or easily ignored.
原理：除非是快速一瞬间的吸引或者很容易的忽略的信息，非驾驶相关信息会从视觉上和认知上分散驾驶员的注意力
Prioritize sound & adjust volume for driving tasks
驾驶任务的声音和调节音量的优先级
The interface should give priority to audio information that is critical to driving. For example, when navigation directions are being relayed, media volume should be lowered or ducked. In addition, users should always be able to fully adjust the volume down to a muted level.
必须提供驾驶中的声音信息的可调节的界面。比如，导航方向正在工作时，媒体音量应该变小。另外，用户应该可以随时把音量调节到静音
Rationale:
Drivers need to have the option to turn off all audio sounds if they explicitly choose to do so. If audio is on, driving-related sounds such as navigation directions and alerts should be prioritized over non-driving-related sounds.
原理：驾驶员应该在需要控制关闭声音的时候随时可操作。如果声音是开着的，驾驶相关声音比如导航方向和警示应该高于其他非驾驶相关声音的优先级
Avoid pulling the driver’s attention away from the road for non-essential reasons. To discourage unnecessary distractions, follow these principles:
避免任何原因把驾驶员的注意力从路上拉到别的地方。不鼓励不必要的注意力分散，需要遵循以下的原则：
Avoid hazardous or distracting activities
避免有危险的和分散注意力的行为
The system should not allow unnecessary and potentially hazardous activities, such as playing most games, manually surfing the internet, or participating in fitness activities involving unsafe hand or foot maneuvers while driving.
系统应该避免不必要或者潜在的危险性行为，比如玩游戏，手动上网，或者避免不安全的需要用到手或者脚的健身的行为。
Rationale:
Activities that are likely to deeply engage the driver and critically degrade situational awareness should not be permitted.
原理：那些容易吸引驾驶员注意力和降低警惕性的行为是不被允许的
Avoid irrelevant movement
避免不相关的运动
Avoid displaying dynamic visual information unrelated to driving, such as videos and auto-scrolling text. Carefully consider the use of animations to ensure they aid the driver’s situational understanding.
避免展示动态的与驾驶无关的视觉信息，比如视频和音频的滑动文本。要非常小心的使用动画，要确保是从帮助驾驶环境可以理解的角度
Rationale:
Videos, animations, and auto-scrolling text can tempt drivers to take their eyes off the road for long periods of time. These types of experiences can disrupt driver control and pace of interaction, because visual information is presented at the system’s pacing rather than the driver’s.
原理：视频，动画，自动滚屏文字会试图让驾驶员的实现从路上移开太久。这些种类的体验会打断驾驶员的操作和交互节奏，因为视觉信息展现的是系统节奏而不是驾驶员的
