高中物理常用公式

2019-05-15 本文已影响0人天堂水o

力学
$v=\dfrac{x}{t}$
$v=\dfrac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}$
$\overline v=\dfrac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}$
$a=\dfrac{\Delta V}{\Delta t}=\dfrac{v-v_0}{\Delta t}$
$v=v_0+at$
$x=v_0t+\dfrac{1}{2}at^2$
$v^2-v^2_0=2ax$
$\overline v=\dfrac{v_0+v}{2}$
$v=gt$
$h=\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2$
$v^2=2gh$
$\Delta x=aT^2$
$\overline v=\dfrac{v}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}gt$
$\Delta h=gT^2$
$v=v_0-gt$
$h=v_0t-\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2$
$-2gh=v^2-v_0^2$
$h=\dfrac{v_0+v}{2} -t$
$G=mg$
$F=\mu F_\rm N$
$F=kx$
$F=ma$
$F=-F'$
$F=m（g+a）$
$F=m（g-a）$
$v_x=v_0$
$v_y=gt$
$x=v_0t$
$y=\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2$
$v=\omega r$
$v=\dfrac{2\pi r}{T}$
$\omega=\dfrac{2\pi}{T}$
$F=m\dfrac{v^2}{r}=mr\omega^2=mr(\dfrac{2\pi}{T})^2=ma_\rm n$
$a_\mathrm{n}=m\dfrac{v^2}{r}=m\omega^2r=m\dfrac{4\pi^2}{T^2}=m(2\pi f)^2r=m\omega v$
$F=G\dfrac{m_1m_2}{r^2}$
$G\dfrac{Mm}{r^2}=m\dfrac{v^2}{r}=mr\omega^2=m\dfrac{4\pi^2}{T^2}r=ma_\rm n$
$G\dfrac{Mm}{r^2}=mg$
$F \propto \dfrac{M m}{r^{2}}$
$v=\sqrt{\dfrac{GM}{R}}$
$W=Fl\rm cos \alpha$
$P=\dfrac{W}{t}=Fv\rm cos \alpha$
$E_\mathrm{p}=mgh$
$E_\mathrm{k}=\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2$
$W_\mathrm{G}=mgh_1-mgh_2=E_\mathrm{p1}-E_\mathrm{p2}$
$W=\dfrac{1}{2}mv_2^2-\dfrac{1}{2}mv_1^2$
$E_\mathrm{k1}+E_\mathrm{p1}=E_\mathrm{k2}+E_\mathrm{p2}$
$W_弹=-\dfrac{1}{2}kl^2$
$\Delta E_\mathrm{p}=\dfrac{1}{2}kl^2$
$F=-k x$
$x=A \sin (\omega t+\varphi)=A \sin \left(\dfrac{2 \pi}{T} t+\varphi\right)$
$T=2 \pi \sqrt{\dfrac{l}{g}}$
$v=\lambda f=\dfrac{\lambda}{T}$
$n_{12}=\dfrac{v_{1}}{v_{2}}=\dfrac{\sin \theta_{1}}{\sin \theta_{2}}$
$p=mv$
$I=Ft$
$F t=m v^{\prime}-m v=\Delta p$
$m_{1} v_{1}+m_{2} v_{2}=m_{1} v_{1}^{\prime}+m_{2} v_{2}^{\prime}$

热学
$m_{0}=\dfrac{M_{\mathrm{A}}}{N_{\mathrm{A}}}=\dfrac{\rho V_{\mathrm{A}}}{N_{\mathrm{A}}}$
$V_{0}=\dfrac{V_{\mathrm{A}}}{N_{\mathrm{A}}}=\dfrac{M_{\mathrm{A}}}{\rho N_{\mathrm{A}}}$
$d=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{6 V_{0}}{\pi}}$
$d=\sqrt[3]{V_{0}}$
$T=t+273.15 \mathrm{K}$
$p_{1} V_{1}=p_{2} V_{2}$
$\dfrac{p_{1}}{T_{1}}=\dfrac{p_{2}}{T_{2}}$
$\dfrac{V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\dfrac{V_{2}}{T_{2}}$
$\dfrac{p_{1} V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\dfrac{p_{2} V_{2}}{T_{2}}$
$\Delta U=Q+W$

电磁学
$F=\dfrac{kq_1q_2}{r}$
$E=\dfrac{F}{q}=k\dfrac{Q}{r^2}=\dfrac{U}{d}$
$\varphi =\dfrac{E_\mathrm{p}}{q}$
$U_{AB}=\varphi_A-\varphi_B=\dfrac{W_{AB}}{q}=Ed$
$C=\dfrac{Q}{U}=\dfrac{\varepsilon_\mathrm{r}S}{4\pi kd}$
$y=\dfrac{qUl^2}{2mv_0^2d}$
$\tan \varTheta =\dfrac{qUl}{mv_0^2d}$
$I=\dfrac{q}{t}=nqSv=\dfrac{U}{R}$
$R=\dfrac{U}{I}=\rho \dfrac{l}{S}$
$P_电=UI$
$P_热=I^2R$
$E=\dfrac{W}{q}$
$W=UIt$
$Q=I^2Rt$
$I=\dfrac{E}{R+r}$
$B=\dfrac{F}{IL}$
$F=BIL\sin \varTheta$
$\varPhi =BS$
$F=qvB\sin \varTheta$
$F_\mathrm{n}=qvB=\dfrac{mv^2}{R}$
$R=\dfrac{mv}{qB}$
$T=\dfrac{2\pi m}{qB}$
$E=n\dfrac{\Delta \varPhi }{\Delta t}$
$E=Blv\sin \varTheta$
$E=L\dfrac{\Delta I}{\Delta t}$
$v=\lambda f$
$T=2 \pi \sqrt{L C}$
$f=\dfrac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{L C}}$

光学
$n=\dfrac{\sin \theta_{1}}{\sin \theta_{2}}=\dfrac{c}{v}$
$\sin C=\dfrac{1}{n}$
$\Delta x=\dfrac{l}{d} \lambda$
$\Delta r=n \lambda$
$\Delta r=\dfrac{(2 n+1)}{2} \lambda(暗条纹)(n=0, \pm 1, \pm 2 \cdots)$
$\varepsilon=h v$
$\nu_{\mathrm{c}}=\dfrac{W_{0}}{h}$
$\lambda=\dfrac{h}{p}$
$\nu=\dfrac{\varepsilon}{h}$
$E_{\mathrm{k}}=h \nu-W_{0}$

原子物理学与相对论
$l=l_{0} \sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{v}{c}\right)^{2}}$
$\Delta t=\dfrac{\Delta \tau}{\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{v}{c}\right)^{2}}}$
$m=\dfrac{m_{0}}{\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{v}{c}\right)^{2}}}$
$E=m c^{2}$
$u=\dfrac{u^{\prime}+v}{1+\dfrac{u^{\prime} v}{c^{2}}}$
$h \nu=E_{m}-E_{n}$
$E_{n}=\frac{E_{1}}{n^{2}}(n=1,2,3 \cdots)$
$r_{n}=n^{2} r_{1}(n=1,2,3 \cdots)$
$E=m c^{2}$
$\Delta E=\Delta m c^{2}$

常见符号

高中物理常用公式

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