第06天(并发编程)_01

2020-01-19  本文已影响0人  lucas777

01_创建goroutine.go

package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)
func newTask() {
    for {
        fmt.Println("this is a newTask")
        time.Sleep(time.Second) //延时1s
    }
}
func main() {
    go newTask() //新建一个协程, 新建一个任务
    for {
        fmt.Println("this is a main goroutine")
        time.Sleep(time.Second) //延时1s
    }
}

02_主goroutine先退出.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)
//主协程退出了,其它子协程也要跟着退出
func main() {
    go func() {
        i := 0
        for {
            i++
            fmt.Println("子协程 i = ", i)
            time.Sleep(time.Second)
        }

    }() //别忘了()
    i := 0
    for {
        i++
        fmt.Println("main i = ", i)
        time.Sleep(time.Second)

        if i == 2 {
            break
        }
    }
}

03_主协程先退出导致子协程没有来得及调用.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

//主协程退出了,其它子协程也要跟着退出
func main() {
    go func() {
        i := 0
        for {
            i++
            fmt.Println("子协程 i = ", i)
            time.Sleep(time.Second)
        }

    }() //别忘了()
}

04_Gosched的使用.go

package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "runtime"
)
func main() {
    go func() {
        for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
            fmt.Println("go")
        }
    }()
    for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
        //让出时间片,先让别的协议执行,它执行完,再回来执行此协程
        runtime.Gosched()
        fmt.Println("hello")
    }
}

05_Goexit的使用.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "runtime"
)

func test() {
    defer fmt.Println("ccccccccccccc")
    //return //终止此函数
    runtime.Goexit() //终止所在的协程
    fmt.Println("dddddddddddddddddddddd")
}

func main() {
    //创建新建的协程
    go func() {
        fmt.Println("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa")
        //调用了别的函数
        test()
        fmt.Println("bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb")
    }() //别忘了()
    //特地写一个死循环,目的不让主协程结束
    for {
    }
}

06_GOMAXPROCS的使用.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "runtime"
)
func main() {
    //n := runtime.GOMAXPROCS(1) //指定以1核运算
    n := runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4) //指定以4核运算
    fmt.Println("n = ", n)
    for {
        go fmt.Print(1)
        fmt.Print(0)
    }
}

07_多任务资源竞争问题.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

//定义一个打印机,参数为字符串,按每个字符打印
//打印机属于公共资源
func Printer(str string) {
    for _, data := range str {
        fmt.Printf("%c", data)
        time.Sleep(time.Second)
    }
    fmt.Printf("\n")
}

func person1() {
    Printer("hello")
}

func person2() {
    Printer("world")
}

func main() {
    //新建2个协程,代表2个人,2个人同时使用打印机
    go person1()
    go person2()

    //特地不让主协程结束,死循环
    for {

    }
}

08_通过channel实现同步.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

//全局变量,创建一个channel
var ch = make(chan int)

//定义一个打印机,参数为字符串,按每个字符打印
//打印机属于公共资源
func Printer(str string) {
    for _, data := range str {
        fmt.Printf("%c", data)
        time.Sleep(time.Second)
    }
    fmt.Printf("\n")
}

//person1执行完后,才能到person2执行
func person1() {
    Printer("hello")
    ch <- 666 //给管道写数据,发送
}

func person2() {
    <-ch //从管道取数据,接收,如果通道没有数据他就会阻塞
    Printer("world")
}

func main() {
    //新建2个协程,代表2个人,2个人同时使用打印机
    go person1()
    go person2()

    //特地不让主协程结束,死循环
    for {

    }
}

09_通过channel实现同步和数据交互.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    //创建channel
    ch := make(chan string)
    defer fmt.Println("主协程也结束")
    go func() {
        defer fmt.Println("子协程调用完毕")
        for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
            fmt.Println("子协程 i = ", i)
            time.Sleep(time.Second)
        }
        ch <- "我是子协程,要工作完毕"
    }()
    str := <-ch //没有数据前,阻塞
    fmt.Println("str = ", str)
}

10_无缓冲的channel.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    //创建一个无缓存的channel
    ch := make(chan int, 0)

    //len(ch)缓冲区剩余数据个数, cap(ch)缓冲区大小
    fmt.Printf("len(ch) = %d, cap(ch)= %d\n", len(ch), cap(ch))

    //新建协程
    go func() {
        for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
            fmt.Printf("子协程:i = %d\n", i)
            ch <- i //往chan写内容
        }
    }()

    //延时
    time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)

    for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
        num := <-ch //读管道中内容,没有内容前,阻塞
        fmt.Println("num = ", num)
    }
}

11_有缓冲的channel.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    //创建一个有缓存的channel
    ch := make(chan int, 3)

    //len(ch)缓冲区剩余数据个数, cap(ch)缓冲区大小
    fmt.Printf("len(ch) = %d, cap(ch)= %d\n", len(ch), cap(ch))

    //新建协程
    go func() {
        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
            ch <- i //往chan写内容
            fmt.Printf("子协程[%d]: len(ch) = %d, cap(ch)= %d\n", i, len(ch), cap(ch))
        }
    }()

    //延时
    time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)

    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        num := <-ch //读管道中内容,没有内容前,阻塞
        fmt.Println("num = ", num)
    }

}

12_关闭channel.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    ch := make(chan int) //创建一个无缓存channel

    //新建一个goroutine
    go func() {
        for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
            ch <- i //往通道写数据
        }
        //不需要再写数据时,关闭channel
        close(ch)
        //ch <- 666 //关闭channel后无法再发送数据

    }() //别忘了()

    for num := range ch {
        fmt.Println("num = ", num)
    }

}

func main01() {
    ch := make(chan int) //创建一个无缓存channel

    //新建一个goroutine
    go func() {
        for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
            ch <- i //往通道写数据
        }
        //不需要再写数据时,关闭channel
        close(ch)
        //ch <- 666 //关闭channel后无法再发送数据

    }() //别忘了()

    for {
        //如果ok为true,说明管道没有关闭
        if num, ok := <-ch; ok == true {
            fmt.Println("num = ", num)
        } else { //管道关闭
            break
        }
    }

}

13_单向channel的特性.go

package main

//"fmt"

func main() {
    //创建一个channel, 双向的
    ch := make(chan int)

    //双向channel能隐式转换为单向channel
    var writeCh chan<- int = ch //只能写,不能读
    var readCh <-chan int = ch  //只能读,不能写

    writeCh <- 666 //写
    //<-writeCh //err,  invalid operation: <-writeCh (receive from send-only type chan<- int)

    <-readCh //读
    //readCh <- 666 //写, err,  invalid operation: readCh <- 666 (send to receive-only type <-chan int)

    //单向无法转换为双向
    //var ch2 chan int = writeCh //cannot use writeCh (type chan<- int) as type chan int in assignment

}

14_单向channel的应用.go

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

//此通道只能写,不能读
func producer(out chan<- int) {
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        out <- i * i
    }
    close(out)
}

//此channel只能读,不能写
func consumer(in <-chan int) {
    for num := range in {
        fmt.Println("num = ", num)
    }
}

func main() {
    //创建一个双向通道
    ch := make(chan int)

    //生产者,生产数字,写入channel
    //新开一个协程
    go producer(ch) //channel传参,引用传递

    //消费者,从channel读取内容,打印
    consumer(ch)
}

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