Windows安装Kubernetes

2022-01-03 本文已影响0人明训

环境依赖

需要事先正确安装Docker Desktop
笔记本最好不低于16G内存

背景说明

学习Kubernetes的第一步就需要搭建一个可用的Kubernetes环境，这里针对Windows的安装过程做简要记录

解决方案

事先安装Docker Desktop

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日志目录

安装过程中可能会出现错误需要我们及时查看日志来排查问题，日志目录:C:\ProgramData\DockerDesktop

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版本确认

首先确认当前需要安装的版本，从下图中可以看到需要安装的版本为v1.22.4

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镜像配置

确认镜像源配置为阿里云镜像加速

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安装镜像

由于国内的网络问题，直接启用Kubernetes会无法正常启动，如下图所示

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此时在github开源库中提供了镜像的阿里云方案https://github.com/AliyunContainerService/k8s-for-docker-desktop

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进行分支切换

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找到对应需要安装的分支，并下载文件

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文件下载后并解压

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执行镜像下载命令

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查看已有镜像

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网络配置

进入目录C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc编辑文件hosts添加一行

# Kubernetes
127.0.0.1 kubernetes.docker.internal

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否则执行命令会出现如下错误

PS D:\> kubectl.exe cluster-info
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.
Unable to connect to the server: dial tcp: lookup kubernetes.docker.internal: no such host

服务启用

把勾勾上，等待一段时间，就会发现下发那个kubernetes的点变绿了，代表kubernetes启动成功

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由于启动较慢，这里可以通过命令查看容器的启动状态

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命令验证

PS D:\> kubectl.exe  cluster-info
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://kubernetes.docker.internal:6443
CoreDNS is running at https://kubernetes.docker.internal:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

此时即可以说明环境安装正常

安装看板

应用配置

PS D:\k8s-for-docker-desktop-1.22.4> kubectl.exe apply -f  .\kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created

安装进度

PS D:\k8s-for-docker-desktop-1.22.4> kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                        READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
kubernetes-dashboard-576cb95f94-kx4xb       1/1     Running             0          50s
PS D:\k8s-for-docker-desktop-1.22.4> kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                        READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-c45b7869d-m5xvs   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          53s
kubernetes-dashboard-576cb95f94-kx4xb       1/1     Running             0          53s
PS D:\k8s-for-docker-desktop-1.22.4> kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                        READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-c45b7869d-m5xvs   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          54s
kubernetes-dashboard-576cb95f94-kx4xb       1/1     Running             0          54s
PS D:\k8s-for-docker-desktop-1.22.4> kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-c45b7869d-m5xvs   1/1     Running   0          2m24s
kubernetes-dashboard-576cb95f94-kx4xb       1/1     Running   0          2m24s

访问Token

PS C:\Users\86183> $TOKEN=((kubectl -n kube-system describe secret default | Select-String "token:") -split " +")[1]
PS C:\Users\86183> kubectl config set-credentials docker-desktop --token="${TOKEN}"
User "docker-desktop" set.
PS C:\Users\86183> echo $TOKEN
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InJ5WXh2Y0RTUXR0Tm95dDlxdVA0SS1XX01iNWhQbmZqa1pSOTRjZGpRTEEifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJkZWZhdWx0LXRva2VuLXBiNnFiIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImRlZmF1bHQiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJkYzY2YWExYS1jZWIzLTRlNTctYjU5NC0yNWI3OTY2ZjlhOTYiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06ZGVmYXVsdCJ9.xUByTlmquRcGd2BQBWyAMtHA0p0PbXfUaSFLhsHNjpJ7fnqmd35H7c_ydKXDnwIoC1L1HP2mNiRvnyOaOz3ivCSkgdcpirHes5C0t3Y4GQF0Avdx2J3ASI3iULh0jBwYtUUrc8YUMqCwEnhvqoiGDfjjiRl-qVlN_FejSWeSWohdleBVMihfZj205YqwQJXMCD5IhC3n8-H5Sb1dcIY6Uo7OS-1wtfFT_sRJuOMCakQH1WjEZQ5ViZeCUBRAd1ZMfwG4ul5X1aVbB0p_wM95uTUOpM7xDsCGUkKOpioQabvsZmQJmYPlxepLt56rdx0x7o6MlM_aWOzQq6klUiydhw

访问看板

使用kubectl proxy命令访问

PS D:\k8s-for-docker-desktop-1.22.4> kubectl proxy
Starting to serve on 127.0.0.1:8001
E0103 21:26:27.189764   18436 proxy_server.go:147] Error while proxying request: context canceled
E0103 21:26:27.189764   18436 proxy_server.go:147] Error while proxying request: context canceled
E0103 21:26:27.190290   18436 proxy_server.go:147] Error while proxying request: context canceled
E0103 21:26:27.190290   18436 proxy_server.go:147] Error while proxying request: context canceled

注意命令行窗口不要关闭

打开浏览器访问网址

http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy

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填入Token并信息登录

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进入后可以看到如下页面

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此时可以看到这里只有一个默认的命名空间，且右侧有错误通知消息

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访问权限

清理旧提权

PS C:\Users\86183> kubectl delete clusterrolebinding serviceaccount-cluster-admin
Error from server (NotFound): clusterrolebindings.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "serviceaccount-cluster-admin" not found

创建集群用户

PS C:\Users\86183> kubectl create clusterrolebinding serviceaccount-cluster-admin   --clusterrole=cluster-admin   --user=system:serviceaccount:kubernetes-dashboard:kubernetes-dashboard
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/serviceaccount-cluster-admin created

查token用于登录

PS C:\Users\86183> kubectl   describe  secrets  -n kubernetes-dashboard
Name:         default-token-64tln
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: default
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: e59829ab-b670-41ef-a336-00576bc0a50c

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1099 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InJ5WXh2Y0RTUXR0Tm95dDlxdVA0SS1XX01iNWhQbmZqa1pSOTRjZGpRTEEifQ.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.uP2MZLTxP9upIM80rkRtGe9WQ447XWKLq3ohc78R_oAwNGMxntSiXjckibkfv8Sez5zBzvWlaP5MwkWRR10gJOnM7fL8_en3vMIjRZ7Mc-xXF7q9cT2K81FuvmPOyUkbDpk4PWGKwihfVo-wWgx1KduRVJAhWxakjbLpVKA91Ntqs3Cy2F-pXC65pkjZqzmq815z0lS62raoZczn_z0fWYenKBEfdEgLaBfoteX6cvQvdo-aYy7qKwD9FBWuy-1xxmT1BFBEqRFKgbSgvmE1yJilTfhuaq_fA1TAzB4LxbaEYtwGGdsawUDIIM7ccz1A4Ue01oJx7N8Jc-PixkOQpA


Name:         kubernetes-dashboard-certs
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       k8s-app=kubernetes-dashboard
Annotations:  <none>

Type:  Opaque

Data
====


Name:         kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       k8s-app=kubernetes-dashboard
Annotations:  <none>

Type:  Opaque

Data
====
csrf:  256 bytes


Name:         kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Type:  Opaque
Data
priv:  1679 bytes


Name:         kubernetes-dashboard-token-gk6s8
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: kubernetes-dashboard
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 6f6c9deb-5638-4827-a9bb-765a93a3364a

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1099 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InJ5WXh2Y0RTUXR0Tm95dDlxdVA0SS1XX01iNWhQbmZqa1pSOTRjZGpRTEEifQ.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.l54H6keE_5nswbim--I-HM9uSw27XAwHCavXr1D2wiLVEbSUrvfUyrn5RoPCOxSopCIRV8y4jbB76kmoE2ZdGhhoolGy-mSMEXX9SXrN3aiXzdfCF-OJ-C1KLCPXPFFiiMur9xLD9317OfCZZ9S6VJ6tUxJ4OPu2Zve5x-3_ZchlxlJ3fZNh6-r7vFN67W0RyFSfYj4nHTQD2e1CEyNEiapbybJyTi2o0CdnJKXRzMomZVVHW_e7K8mehJimygTBpNGbF1BoO6jdMJ2HE5OIwGs4GY-yo9nwdMgA9gFLYcAOtwjED2I1GCLDIN6VWoafOueZR9-oq6rRxCBRrSlF9g

登录看板